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Abu Ubayd’s Understanding Of Naskh;
(Hitit Univ, 2022) Yasar, Mehmet Aziz; Nas, Taha
In the period when Islamic sciences were formed, a large number ofscholars with absolute ijtihad capacity were trained. One of the scholars mentioned is Abu `Ubayd al- Qasim ibn Sallam al-Khurasani al-Harawi who was educated by many famous scholars of the period, had a great influence on both the scientific and political circles. For this reason, he could not be shared by different sect biographers. As a matter of fact, some Shafi'i tabaqat writers counted Ebu Ubeyd as a follower of Imam Shafii. On the other hand, some Hanbali scholars have mentioned Ebu Ubeyd among the class of Hanbali scholars. However, it was concluded that it would be more correct to see Ebu Ubeyd as an independent mujtahid rather than a follower of any madhhab. For, in his own works, the fact that he refers more to Imam Malik rather than Imam Shafii and Ahmad ibn Hanbal and sometimes refers to the views of Abu Hanifa and Imamey indicates this. Ebu Ubeyd, who came to the forefront with his faqih and muhaddis aspects, had a deep knowledge of the subject of naskh, which has a close relationship with these two sciences, and in this regard, he wrote a rare work called en-Nasih ve'l-mensu. fi'l-kur.ani'l-aziz ve ma fihi mine'l-fera'iz ve's-sunen. While revealing Ebu Ubeyd's understanding of naskh, his work en-Nasi. ve'l-mensu. was used as the main source. In addition to this, his other works related to the subject, especially his work called Kitabu'l- emval, were among the first hand sources that were consulted. It has been tried to determine his approach to naskh based on the statements he made on the subject and the examples he gave in this regard. In this context, Ebu Ubeyd's approach to the nature and framework of naskh and his views on the evidences that can abrogate each other are examined in this study. Ebu Ubeyd discussed the abrogation in a broader sense as "the modification of a shar'i ruling by a later evidence", not the established meaning in the methodology as "removal of a shar'i ruling with a later shar'i proof". In this context, naskh is also used for the allocation of public, the denial of the absolute, the statement of conciseness, the correction of a wrong understanding and the exception made from a general rule. This is known as the understanding of naskh among the companions, tabi`in and early convert scholars. However, although Ebu Ubeyd is at the same age as Imam Shafii and has copied and benefited from his works, it is noteworthy that he preferred the predecessor's approach to the subject rather than the naskh understanding he adopted. It is important to investigate this. He adopted the approach of the public regarding the Shari'a evidences of Ebu Ubeyd that could naskh each other. According to him, the verses of the Qur'an can naskh each other. He gave many examples of this. Another point that draws attention here is to ascribe the concept of naskh used for the verse of the Qur'an by Ebu Ubeyd, from the Lawh-i Mahfuz, in the form of a verse whose recitation is lasting and its meaning is naskhed, and a verse that is removed from people's hearts by canceling both its recitation and used in different meanings. Ebu Ubeyd stated that sunnah can be naskhed with sunnah, without making any distinction between ahad and mutawatir about sunnah and its naskh. However, despite giving many examples of the naskh of the ahad sunnah with its own like, no example has been encountered of the naskh of the ahad sunnah with its own like or with ahad and the ahad sunnah with the mutawatir sunnah. As it can be understood from my statements on the subject, Ebu Ubeyd saw that it is permissible to naskh both mutawatir and ahad sunnah with the Qur'an. However, while there is an example for the naskh of the ahad sunnah with the Qur'an in his related works, there is no example for the other. Although there is no clear statement on the issue that the Qur'an can be naskhed with the sunnah, it is understood from some examples that he gives permission for this.
Ahmed Anzavur: Soldier, Governor, and Rebel. a Reevaluation of a Late Ottoman Military Man
(Oriental Inst Czech Acad Sci, 2023) Yelbasi, Caner
Following the Russian conquest of the North Caucasus, many Muslims from the region were exiled to the Ottoman Empire from the 1860s onwards. They were settled in different parts of the empire from the Balkans to Anatolia to the Syria and Iraq vilayets. By following this policy, the Ottoman state ensured that many Circassians would become part of the Ottoman army, ruling elites, harems and agricultural workforce. Anzavur Ahmed's family was one of them. Although he did not graduate from military school, he participated in the army during the war in Libya (1911), the Balkan Wars (1912-1913), and the First World War (1914-1918). He was also appointed as the governor of Izmit (1920). Anzavur Ahmet is portrayed as a rebel by Turkish official historiography, but in reality, he was much more than that. He was an Ottoman Governor, and supported by Ottoman administrators such as Damad Ferid and Ali Kemal, who were against the Kuvayi Milliye because they believed that the empire would eventually emerge from the chaotic atmosphere of the post-First World War period and make an agreement with the British. This article argues that although Ahmed Anzavur has been labeled a rebel and a traitor according to the official historiography, it is difficult to use these labels given the circumstances of his time.
Ameloriate Effect of Glucose Monohydrate on Nicotine Sulfate-Induced Toxicity and Teratogenicity in Xenopus Embryos: an Experimental Study
(Middle Pomeranian Sci Soc Env Prot, 2023) Emre, Mustafa; Tunc, Erdal; Sertdemir, Yasar; Pekmezekmek, Ayper Boga
It is well documented that nicotine causes low birth weight, preterm birth, pregnancy difficulties, lower fertility, inhibition of spermatogenesis, and decreased steroidogenesis and potassium channels conductance of Xenopus oocytes. Lung cancer is the most well-known adverse impact of nicotine. This work used a 96-hour FETAX test to examine how concurrent administration of glucose monohydrate modifies the effects of exposure to nicotine, nicotine sulfate, and/or glucose on ion channels and membrane potential in Xenopus leavis embryos at an early stage of development. In-vitro fertilised embryos were treated with nicotine and glucose alone or in combination for this aim, and the effects of those treatments were then assessed for potential teratogenic effects. At the conclusion of the FETAX technique, the ratios of healthy, abnormal, and dead embryos were calculated, and the length of embryos in each treatment group was assessed. The ratios of abnormal and dead embryos were considerably higher with nicotine treatment alone compared to controls. Compared to the results of the nicotine-alone treatment group, the ratio of aberrant embryos was marginally reduced by concurrent glucose and nicotine therapy. In contrast, the ratio of normal embryos was raised. Additionally, treatments with glucose, nicotine, and Nic+Glu significantly altered the resting membrane potentials of fertilised oocytes (p < 0.001). Our findings indicated that the simultaneous treatment groups that also received glucose had a protective impact on embryos. Such structured, more sophisticated research is required to confirm these findings.
Citation - WoS: 6
Citation - Scopus: 7
Antioxidant, Ache Inhibitory, and Anticancer Effects of Verbascum Thapsus Extract
(CMB Assoc, 2023) Zhang, Na; Baran, Ayse; Valioglu, Ferzane; Teng, Lei; Atalar, Mehmet Nuri; Keskin, Cumali; Beilerli, Aferin
Verbascum thapsus (Mullein) is a medicinal plant used in folk medicine to treat various ailments. For this study, the biological functions of Verbascum thapsus (VT) methanol extract were determined in vitro. The plant's methanol extract was created through the maceration process. The phytochemical composition of plant extracts was investigated using liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. The antioxidant capacity of the extract was determined using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazil (DPPH radical) and 2,2-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS radical). Cell lines Caco-2 (human colorectal adenocarcinoma cells), LNCaP (Lymph Node Carcinoma of Prostate), and HEK293 (Human embryonic kidney 293 cells) were used to model colon, prostate, and non-cancerous cells. The cytotoxic activity of the plant extract on the proliferation of these cells was determined by the MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide, a tetrazole) assay protocol. VT extract showed moderate DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities at 30 mg/ml concentration. With this, VT extract was determined to inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE) enzyme and had strong cytotoxic activity on cancerous cell lines. In addition, our findings clearly showed that the plant extract had greater cytotoxic activity on the viability of cancerous cells compared to non-cancerous (Human embryonic kidney cells; HEK293) cells. The current findings showed that V. thapsus might be a promising anti-cancer medication candidate for the treatment of human colorectal adenocarcinoma and colon cancer, as well as a good source antioxidans. Copyright: (c) 2023 by the C.M.B. Association. All rights reserved.
Arap Şiirinde Mardin’e Dair Bazı Yansımalar
(2019) Akçay, Halil; 05.01. Department of Basic Islamic Sciences / Temel İslam Bilimleri Bölümü; 05. Faculty of Islamic Sciences / İslami İlimleri Fakültesi; 01. Mardin Artuklu University / Mardin Artuklu Üniversitesi
Bu çalışmamızda, ulaşılabilen kaynaklardan tespit edilebildiği kadarıyla Mardin’le ilgili yazılan şiirler ele alınmıştır. Mardin, gerek İslam fethinden önce gerek fetihten sonra Arapların yoğun göçü sonrasında Araplar için önemli bir kent haline gelmiştir. Bu husus, Mardin’in Araplarla olan coğrafi ve ticari bağlantısını güçlendirdiği gibi kültürel anlamda da aralarında bir yakınlık oluşturmuştur. Bu ve başka yönleri itibariyle Mardin, Arap şairlerinin dikkatlerini celbetmiştir. Çalışmamızda tarihi, kültürel ve sosyal yönleriyle Mardin hakkında kısaca bilgi verildikten sonra ortaya konan şiirler, Mardin’in tarihî, ilmî, sosyal ve kültürel durumuna ışık tutan hususlar açısından incelenmiş, anlam ve ön plana çıkan edebî sanatlar yönünden değerlendirilmiştir.
Assessment of preoperative anxiety and negative automatic thoughts in patients waiting for corneal transplantation
(Publishing Office of the University of Rzeszow, 2024) Tanrıverdi, Seher; Şen, Mehmet Ali; Genç, Hasan; 09.06. Department of Social Services/ Sosyal Hizmet Bölümü; 9. Faculty of Health Sciences / Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi; 01. Mardin Artuklu University / Mardin Artuklu Üniversitesi
Introduction and aim. In patients waiting for organ transplantation, increased waiting time can increase anxiety by creating negative automatic thoughts. The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between corneal transplant recipients' negative automatic thoughts and anxiety before organ transplantation. Material and methods. The population of this correlational descriptive study consisted of 108 patients waiting for cornea transplantation in the Eye Bank unit of a hospital in the south east region of Türkiye. The data were obtained from the patients presented to the ophthalmology clinic for transplantation between September and December 2022. A patient information form, the Negative Automatic Thoughts Scale, and the Trait Anxiety Scale were used to collect the data. Percentage distribution, arithmetic mean, logistic regression and correlation analysis were used in the data analysis. Results. It was determined that the mean score of the negative automatic thoughts of the transplant patients participating in the study was 100.69±47.83, and the trait anxiety mean score was 53.06±6.07. There was a positive relationship between negative automatic thoughts and trait anxiety at a moderate level, which was statistically significant (p<0.05, r=0.53). Conclusion. It was determined in the study that the patients' negative automatic thoughts and trait anxiety were high, and their anxiety increased as the negative automatic thoughts increased.
Effect of Delivery Method on Breastfeeding Status in Primiparous Mothers Within the First 24 Hours
(Springer Publishing Co, 2024) Yesil, Yesim; Oner, Serap; Celik, Gulbiye Dinc; Bay, Habibe; Eksioglu, Aysun; Turfan, Esin Ceber
Objective: This study aims to evaluate the effect of the delivery method on breastfeeding status of primiparous mothers during the first 24 hours. Methods: In this descriptive and analytical study, the sample consisted of 126 primiparous mothers with vaginal (n = 54) and cesarean (n = 72) deliveries. The research data were collected in a hospital through a personal information form and LATCH. Breastfeeding was assessed at the 6th, 12th, and 24th hours within the first 24 -hour period after the delivery. Results: A total of 83.3% of mothers with vaginal delivery started out breastfeeding in the first hour, while the rate was 43.1% for mothers with cesarean delivery. A total of 94.4% of mothers who had vaginal birth gave their babies colostrum, whereas the rate was 80.6% for mothers who had a cesarean birth. While there were no statistically significant differences in Applications 1 and 3 between the LATCH scores of mothers with vaginal and cesarean deliveries, Application 2 produced a significant difference (p < .05). Conclusions: Delivery method influenced the breastfeeding behavior and had an impact particularly on initiation of breastfeeding in the first hour.
The Effect of N-acetylcysteine on Amylase, Electrolytes, Vitamins and Nitrosative Stress Levels in Rats Treated with Maras Powder
(Eastern Journal of Medicine, 2020) Unsal, Velid; Belge Kurutaş, Ergül; 09.03. Department of Nutrition and Dietetics/ Beslenme ve Diyetetik Bölümü; 9. Faculty of Health Sciences / Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi; 01. Mardin Artuklu University / Mardin Artuklu Üniversitesi
The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) on amylase, electrolytes, vitamins and nitrosative stress levels in the plasma of rats treated with smokeless tobacco "maras powder". Our study consisted of three groups. Control (n = 10), the group using maras powder (n = 10), maras powder+ NAC group. To the Maras powder group, 200 mg maras powder was placed in the sublingual area under general anesthesia. It was waited for 15 minutes for Maras powder to be absorbed through mucosa. This procedure was repeated once a day and for 7 days. To the NAC group, 200 mg of Maras powder was given as in the Maras powder group and NAC was injected intraperitoneally with a dose of 100 mg / kg / day. On the 8th day, the levels of amylase, vitamins (A, C and E), electrolytes (Na+, K+, Cl- ) and, as the biomarkers of nitrosative stress, nitric oxide (NO) and nitrotyrosine (3-NTx) in the plasma of all three groups were measured by the methods of ELISA. It was determined that amylase, 3-NTx, NO, electrolyte levels increased in the group using Maras powder compared to the control and NAC groups, but vitamin levels decreased. (p <0.05). It was detected that the levels of amylase, 3-NTx, NO, electrolyte in the group treated with NAC decreased compared to the group using Maras powder, whereas vitamin levels significantly increased and approached to the values of the control group. Smokeless tobacco 'Maras powder' increases nitrosative stress and distorts the levels of vitamin A, E, C and electrolyte in the plasma. NAC has a positive function in reducing the damage caused by Maras powder.
Citation - WoS: 1
Citation - Scopus: 3
Effects of Concomitant Use of N-Acetylcysteine and Cyclosporine a on Acetaminophen-Induced Acute Kidney Injury in Mice
(Agricultural Research Communication Centre, 2024) Kocamueftueoglu, Gonca Ozan; Tektemur, Nalan Kaya; Guzel, Elif Erdem; Tektemur, Ahmet; Ozan, Ibrahim Enver
Background: Acetaminophen (APAP), a commonly used analgesic, causes acute kidney injury (AKI) in overdose although it is rare. Mitochondrial dysfunction plays a major role in the pathophysiology of renal damage, although the exact molecular mechanism is unknown. This study aimed to evaluate the potential therapeutic effect of cyclosporin A (CsA), a mitochondrial membrane permeability Methods: Male BALB/c mice were divided into Control, APAP, APAP+NAC, APAP+CsA and APAP+NAC+CsA groups (n=6). A single dose of APAP (400 mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally. All other treatments (1200 mg/kg NAC, 50 mg/kg CsA) were performed intraperitoneally 3 h after APAP administration. All animals were decapitated and blood samples and kidney tissue samples were collected for evaluation. Serum creatinine (Cr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels were measured. The kidney tissue 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), cytochrome c (Cytc) and 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT) levels and cytochrome c (Cytc) expressions were determined. Result: Increased Cr and BUN levels, histopathological examinations and expressions of 8-OHdG, 3-NT and Cytc were detected in the APAP group. Combined NAC+CsA treatment sufficiently reversed oxidative stress, serum Cr and BUN levels and histopathological alterations induced by APAP. Moreover, cytc levels and renal tubular injury were remarkably reduced by combined drug treatment compared to the APAP+NAC group. These data suggest that the therapeutic effect of combined NAC+CsA treatment in mice with APAP-induced nephrotoxicity can be related to the combination of the antioxidant effect of NAC and the mitochondrial MPTP inhibitor effect of CsA.
Citation - WoS: 4
Citation - Scopus: 6
An Examination of the Effects of Propolis and Quercetin in a Rat Model of Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy
(MDPI, 2024) Tueredi, Sibel; Celik, Hakim; Dagli, Seyda Nur; Taskin, Seyhan; Seker, Ugur; Deniz, Mustafa
The purpose of this study was to reveal the combined effects of propolis (P) and quercetin (Q) against diabetic peripheral neuropathy developing with streptozotocin-induced diabetes in rats. Sixty-four adult male rats were divided into eight equal groups: control, P (100 mg/kg/day), Q (100 mg/kg/day), P + Q (100 mg/day for both), diabetes mellitus (DM) (single-dose 60 mg/kg streptozotocin), DM + P, DM + Q, and DM + P + Q. The rats were sacrificed, and blood and sciatic nerve tissues were collected. Blood glucose and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels increased, while IL-6 and total antioxidant status decreased in the DM group (p = 0.016 and p = 0.047, respectively). Ultrastructural findings showed degeneration of the axon and myelin sheath. The apoptotic index (AI %), TNF-alpha, and IL-1 beta immunopositivity increased significantly in the DM group (p < 0.001). Morphological structures approaching those of the controls were observed in the DM + P, DM + Q, and DM + P + Q groups. Morphometric measurements increased markedly in all treatment groups (p < 0.001), while blood glucose and MDA levels, AI (%), TNF-alpha, and IL-1 beta immunopositivity decreased. In conclusion, the combined effects of propolis and quercetin in diabetic neuropathy may provide optimal morphological protection with neuroprotective effects by reducing hyperglycemia, and these may represent a key alternative supplement in regenerative medicine.
Citation - WoS: 19
Citation - Scopus: 23
Experimental and theoretical investigation of adsorption and inhibition properties of 2-Amino-1,3,5-triazine-4,6-dithiol against corrosion in hydrochloric acid solution on mild steel
(Elsevier, 2023) Arslanhan, Selim; Yıldız, Reşit; Döner, Ali; 09.03. Department of Nutrition and Dietetics/ Beslenme ve Diyetetik Bölümü; 9. Faculty of Health Sciences / Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi; 01. Mardin Artuklu University / Mardin Artuklu Üniversitesi
In this work, 2-Amino-1,3,5-triazine-4,6-dithiol (2-ATD) as novel and high efficiency corrosion inhibitor has been investigated for mild steel (MS) corrosion in 0.5 M HCl solution using electrochemical methods, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy disperse X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and quantum chemical calculation methods. Potentiodynamic polarization (PDP) curves indicate that 2-ATD is mixed type inhibitor, corrosion inhibition efficiency increased with increasing inhibitor concentration and reached its value of 96.5%. Evolution of exposure time versus corrosion behavior of 2-ATD is examined in corrosive medium. While corrosion potential (Ecorr) shifted more negative values, polarization resistances (Rp) decreased after 120 h exposure time due to the corrosion process. H2 volume is measured in uninhibited and inhibited solutions (10 mM 2-ATD) after 120 h exposure time. Very low volume (3.6 mL cm-2) of H2 is obtained on MS electrode in inhibited solution after 120 h of exposure, indicating that 2-ATD covers the entire surface against aggressive attack and retards the both anodic dissolution of MS and cathodic hydrogen evolution reactions. The adsorption process proposal is the Langmuir isotherm which is most suitable. Adsorption and thermodynamic parameters show that 2-ATD has a strong adsorption effect onto MS surface and includes mixed adsorption style (physical and chemical). Corrosion current density increases with increasing temperature and high activation energy (Ea) proves the strong adsorption of 2-ATD on the MS surface. Anti-corrosion mechanism of 2-ATD is described more detail with the potential of zero charge method. SEM, EDX and AFM analysis support the obtained results of electrochemical methods and confirm the existence of protective layer and strong adsorption of 2-ATD on the MS surface. Chronoamperometry test shows that current densities are almost constant whole experiment in the presence of organic film. Finally, quantum chemical calculation method of 2-ATD in blank solution is performed to investigate the active sites for possible attachment with MS surface.
Citation - WoS: 9
Citation - Scopus: 7
Exploring Attendance at Emergency Departments for Children With Non-Urgent Conditions in Turkey: a Qualitative Study of Parents and Healthcare Staff Perspectives
(Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2022) Butun, Ahmet; Lynn, Fiona; McGaughey, Jennifer; McLaughlin, Katrina; Linden, Mark
Background:Overcrowding in Emergency Departments (EDs) is a significant global concern with negative consequences for patients, healthcare staff, and healthcare systems. The use of EDs by parents of children with non-urgent conditions is associated with overcrowding, higher healthcare costs, lower quality of care, and longer waiting times. Research in this area has largely been conducted in high-income countries, with a dearth of work originating in middle and low-income regions. The aim of this study was to explore the reasons for parents attending EDs with their child for non-urgent conditions in Turkey.Method:Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 13 parents, 15 ED staff, and 10 General Practitioners (GPs) in 2 regions of Turkey between March and May 2017. Data were analyzed using the principles of grounded theory.Results:The findings were classified into 5 core categories: (1) parents' feelings, knowledge, and perceived inability to provide self-care; (2) perceived limitations of healthcare services, system, and staff; (3) parents' preferences for hospital and ED services; (4) adverse impact on ED services; and (5) perceived needs for care.Conclusion:This is the first study conducted in a middle-income country regarding parental reasons for using the ED for nonurgent conditions. Greater efforts must be made to reduce unnecessary visits to the ED to better meet service user needs and to increase the satisfaction of both parents and healthcare staff. The findings of this study may inform healthcare providers, policymakers, healthcare staff, and researchers to design interventions in order to mitigate overcrowding in the ED.
Investigation of the effects of Alfa lipoic acid on changes in maternal rat kidney caused by tobacco smoke exposure in pregnancy [Gebelikte Tütün Dumani Maruziyetinin Anne Siçan Böbrek Dokusunda Meydana Getirdigi Degişiklikler Üzerine Alfa Lipoik Asitin Etkilerinin İncelenmesi]
(Ataturk Universitesi, 2019) Erdem Güzel E.; Kaya N.; Ozan Kocamüftüoglu G.; Dabak D.Ö.; Temizer Ozan P.S.; Ozan I.E.; 09.02. Department of Midwifery/ Ebelik Bölümü; 9. Faculty of Health Sciences / Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi; 01. Mardin Artuklu University / Mardin Artuklu Üniversitesi
Çalışmada gebelikte tütün dumanına maruz kalan anne sıçanların böbrek dokusunda meydana gelen histopatolojik sonuçlar üzerine Alfa lipoik asitin etkilerinin deneysel olarak araştırılması amaçlandı. 28 adet dişi Sprague-Dawley cinsi sıçan kullanıldı. Gebe sıçanlar; Kontrol grubu, Tütün dumanı (TD) grubu, Tütün dumanı + Alfa lipoik asit (TD+ALA) grubu ve Alfa lipoik asit (ALA) grubu olmak üzere rastgele dört eşit gruba ayrıldı. TD ve TD+ALA grubundaki sıçanlar çiftleşmeden önce sekiz hafta ve gebelik süresince günde iki saat tütün dumanına maruz bırakıldı. TD+ALA ve ALA grubundaki sıçanlara ise çiftleşmeden önce sekiz hafta ve gebelik süresince gün aşırı gavaj yolu ile 20 mg/kg ALA verildi. Deney sonunda çıkarılan böbrek dokuları histolojik, immünohistokimyasal ve MDA düzeyi tayini metotları kullanılarak incelendi. TD grubuna ait böbrek kesitlerinde inflamatuar hücre artışı, Bowman boşluğunda artış, tübül lümeninde hiyalin birikimi gibi histopatolojik bulgulara rastlandı. ALA uygulaması ile histopatalojik bulguların büyük bir çoğunluğunda azalma gözlendi. TD grubunda VEGF immünreaktivitesinin kontrol grubuna göre anlamlı artış gösterdiği, TD+ALA grubunda ise TD grubuna göre anlamlı derecede azaldığı belirlendi. MDA seviyelerinde ise TD grubunda, kontrol grubuna göre anlamlı artış olduğu tespit edildi. Sonuç olarak, gebelik boyunca tütün dumanı maruziyetinin böbrek dokularında histopatolojik hasara ve damarlanmada artışa neden olduğu, ALA’nın ise bu etkilere karşı kısmen koruma sağladığı belirlendi.
The Issue of the Halku’l-Qur’an in the Eyes of Zahiri Scholars
(Cumhuriyet Univ, Fac theology, 2023) Kaya, Husamettin
The Islamic thought has experienced many ruptures in history. One of them is the Mihna period. The main argument of the mihna period, which started during the reign of the Abbasid Khalifa Me'mun, was the issue of the khalq al-Qur'an. The leading figures of the period were dictated to accept the idea that the Qur'an was created. Those who took an opposing stance were oppressed , tortured. In this period, people like Ahmed b. Hanbal, who did not bow to oppresion, were made heroic by the people. This time, the reverse Mihna period started and those who spoke about the people of the Qur'an were criticized. Many of the muhaddith considered the approach to the issue of the khalq al-Qur'an as a bid'ah. This situation has created a field of criticism for people and segments who do not like each other. For this reason, unfair perceptions have been created about some people and their authorities in the society have been targeted with unfounded claims. Therefore, it is important to consider the approaches of Islamic scholars or sects to the subject objectively and to evaluate them in this context. In this study, the approaches of Dawud az-Zahiri (d. 270/884), the founder of the Zahiri sect, who were negatively affected by the situation in question , other Zahiri scholars to 'khalq al-Qur'an' were examined. In addition to the perception made about them, it is aimed to determine the accuracy of the discourses attributed to them. In this context, first of all, the views attributed to them are (i) The Qur'an in our hands, which consists of paper and ink, is not created, whereas the Qur'an in the preserved tablet is not created. (ii) The Qur'an is muhdes (created). (iii) The Qur'an is muhdes, and it is a creature in terms of its pronunciation. (iv) When the Qur'an is recited, the pronunciation that occurs as a result of the movements made by the servant to extract the letters has been classified as creature. These discourses attributed to them were compared with the information found in the works of Zahiri scholars and it was determined whether they were consistent or not. As a result of the researches, Dawud az-Zahiri, who was in Nishapur during the years when the mihna process continued, expressed some discourses about the creation of the Qur'an; however, with the end of the mihna, it was concluded that he gave up his discourses in question. Ibn Abi Asim (d. 287/900), Ibn Niftawayh (d. 323/935), Ibn Hazm (d. 456/1064), and Ibn al-Kaysarani (d. 507/1113), who are among the apparent scholars, have openly stated that the Qur'an is not a creature and they also blaspheme those who claim otherwise. In addition, it has been observed that the perception made independently of the correctness or falsity of the discourses attributed to them negatively affects the Zahiri scholars in many ways. For example, it is because of this that Zahiri scholars who are exposed to such perceptions lose value both in the eyes of the public and in the scientific assemblies.
Citation - Scopus: 5
Market power in the poultry sector in Turkey
(Bogazici Universitesi, 2014) Özertan Gökhan; Saghaian Sayed; Tekgüç, Hasan; 04.01. Department of Economics / İktisat Bölümü; 04. Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences / İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi; 01. Mardin Artuklu University / Mardin Artuklu Üniversitesi
Rekabet Kurumu (RK), 2009 yılında 27 etlik piliç üreticisini arzı kısma ve fiyatları kontrol etme üzerinde anlaşarak kartel oluşturmaları sebebiyle cezalandırmıştır. RK, ceza kararını belli başlı etlik piliç üreticilerinin aralarında yapmış oldukları görüşme kayıtlarına ve ham fiyat verilerine istinaden vermiş olup herhangi bir istatistiksel ya da ekonometrik analizden faydalanmamıştır. Bu araştırmada, zaman serisi yöntemleri kullanılarak etlik piliç sektörü arz zincirinde piyasa gücü hem arz hem de talep açılarından test edilmiştir. Sonuçlar, etlik piliç arz zincirindeki perakende fiyat davranışlarının oligopolistik piyasa yapısı ile tutarlı olduğunu göstermektedir.
Citation - Scopus: 4
MELISSOPALNOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF HONEY SAMPLES COLLECTED FROM ŞIRNAK CITY
(2019) Gürbüz, Semra; Gençay Çelimli, Ömür; Özenirler, Çiğdem; Mayda, Nazlı; Özkök, Aslı; Sorkun, Kadriye; 11.01. Department of Gastronomy and Culinary Arts / Gastronomi ve Mutfak Sanatları Bölümü; 11. Faculty of Tourism / Turizm Fakültesi; 01. Mardin Artuklu University / Mardin Artuklu Üniversitesi
Bu çalışma ile Türkiye’nin Güneydoğu Anadolu Bölgesi’nden 23 adet bal örneği toplanılmış ve bitkisel kökenleri tanımlanmak üzere araştırılmıştır. Mikroskobik analiz sonuçlarına göre, 27 bitki familyasına ait 24 taksonun polenleri teşhis edilmiştir. Melissopalinolojik analiz sonucunda; 21 bal örneği multifloral (karışık çiçek balı) ve iki tanesi ise unifloral (Myosotis balı) olarak tanımlanmıştır. Mikroskobik analizin ikinci basamağı olarak, örneklerin 10 gram baldaki toplam polen sayıları (TPS10) hesaplanmış ve bu değerlerin 1 117 ile 82 005 arasında olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Perception of Islam in Zoroastrian Zand Literature
(Bursa Ilahiyat Vakfi, 2017) Alici, Mehmet
This study analyses the perception of Islam presented in Zand literature, namely, the exegetical literature of the Zoroastrian tradition that gradually lost power as a result of Muslim conquests. Zand texts, which grew during the Sasanian era and indicate a lively theological discourse, were codified and took their final form after the Muslim conquests. Zand literature talks about Islam and Muslims in an implicit manner by means of concepts such as Tazig (Arab) Ag-denih (evil/superstitious religion). Written for guiding Zoroastrian clergy in every subject, including theology and morals, these texts have a biased and negative attitude towards Islam and Muslims. Zands initially interpret Muslim conquests in an apocalyptic sense and emphasize that the end of world is near and consequently that evil reigns now. On the other hand, due to the obligation of living together with Muslims, Zands advise minimizing relations with Muslims in daily life. They present objections to the doctrinal attitude of Islam and aim at preserving the religious status of Zoroastrians. This paper stresses the view of the Zoroastrian tradition regarding Muslim conquests, the eventual coexistence experience and Islamic theology within the framework of Zands.
Citation - Scopus: 1
The predictive effect of shock index on mortality in patients with acute heart failure
(AME Publishing, 2023) Günlü, Serhat; Kayan, Fethullah; Karahan, Mehmet Zülkif; Department of Internal Medical Sciences / Dahili Tıp Bilimleri Bölümü; 10. Faculty of Medicine / Tıp Fakültesi; 01. Mardin Artuklu University / Mardin Artuklu Üniversitesi
Background: The predictive usefulness of the shock index (SI), which is determined as a proportion of heart rate (HR) to systolic blood pressure (SBP), and age-adjusted SI (SI × age) for clinical outcomes other than mortality in acute heart failure (AHF) is not well established. This research aimed to examine whether SI and SI × age measured non-invasively at a patient’s bedside can identify mortality risk in patients admitted to the coronary care unit (CCU) with AHF. Methods: This research was carried out as a retrospective case-control study. Indices were calculated. The receiving operating characteristic (ROC) and Youden index were applied to calculate the optimal SI and SI × age cut-off for estimating mortality. Using multivariate analysis to determine independent indicators of mortality in patients with AHF. Results: A total of 1,468 patients who were hospitalized at the CCU with AHF were included. The population’s median age was 81 (73–91) years and 53.7% were male. In the survivor group, the median SI was 0.6 (0.5–0.75), and the median SI × age was 46 (38–58). In the non-survivor group, the median SI was 0.62 (0.55–0.81) and the median SI × age was 53 (44–66). According to the Youden index, the best value of SI was 0.56 with a specificity of 46% and a sensitivity of 70%, and the best value of SI × age was 44.8 with a specificity of 48% and a sensitivity of 76%. In the multivariate analysis, the power of SI × age to predict mortality was 2.39 times greater than other independent predictors. Conclusions: SI and SI × age calculated in the CCU may be valuable prognostic markers for identifying AHF patients at high risk for adverse outcomes.
Citation - WoS: 7
Citation - Scopus: 5
Sağlam çocuk polikliniğine başvuran 0-1 yaş bebeği olan annelerde depresyon taraması ve depresyonda etkili risk faktörlerini belirleme
(2012) Battaloğlu İnanç, Betül; Aydemir, Nurcihan; Hatipoğlu, Sami; 09.01. Department of Nursing / Hemşirelik Bölümü; 9. Faculty of Health Sciences / Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi; 01. Mardin Artuklu University / Mardin Artuklu Üniversitesi
Sağlam çocuk polikliniğine başvuran 0-1 yaş bebeği olan annelerde Edinburgh Postnatal Depresyon Skalası (EPDS) ölçeğini kullanarak, depresyon oranlarını saptamayı ve etkili olan sosyodemografik faktörleri belirleyerek, elde edilen sonuçların diğer çalışmalarla korelasyonunu değerlendirmeyi amaçladık. Gereç ve Yöntem: 20 Temmuz- 20 Eylül 2007 tarihleri arasında, 0-1 yaş arası bebeği olan anneler çalışmaya dâhil edildi. 211 anne çalışmaya katıldı, postpartum sosyodemografik veri formu ile EPDS kullanıldı. Çalışmaya katılmayı kabul etmeyen 28 annenin, 7’sinde EPDS puanlaması depresyon için anlamlı değerlerde idi. Toplam 183 annenin verileri değerlendirmeye alındı. Annelerin sosyodemografik özelliklerini belirlemek için toplam 51 sorudan oluşan postpartum sosyodemografik veri formu kullanıldı. Depresyon yaygınlığını saptamak amacıyla annelere 10 sorudan oluşan EPDS ölçeği uygulandı. Değerlendirme 30 puan üzerinden yapıldı ve kesme puanı 13 ve üzeri ( ?13) olarak alındı. Bulgular: EPDS kesme puanı ?13 alınarak hesaplanan depresyon semptomatoloji skoru %30.6’dır. Çalışmaya katılan kadınların yaş ortalaması 27.5±5.45, yaş dağılımı 18 ile 43 arasında değişmektedir. EPDS puanı yüksek olanlarda evlilikten memnuniyet düzeyinin iyi olma oranı anlamlı düzeyde düşük; evlilikten memnuniyetleri orta ve kötü düzeyde olanlarda, psikiyatrik özgeçmişi olan annelerde ise EPDS puanları anlamlı düzeyde yüksek olarak saptanmıştır (p<0.01). Eşi çalışmayan, planlanmamış gebeliği olan, doğumda annede sağlık sorunu olan,gece doğum yapan annelerde EPDS puanlaması yüksek olarak görülmektedir (p<0.05). Bebekte sağlık sorunu olduğunu belirten, bebek bakımını güç olarak tarifleyenlerde, bebeğini emzirmeyen kadınlarda EPDS puanlaması istatistiksel olarak anlamlı düzeyde yüksek olarak saptanmıştır (p<0.01). Sonuç: Doğum sonrası depresyon birçok anneyi ve bebeği olumsuz etkileyen ciddi bir sorundur. Etkin bir tedavinin mümkün olmasına rağmen, olguların yarısından azı fark edilebilmektedir. Kitlelerin taranması, antenatal dönem, doğum sonrası erken dönem ve normal sağlam çocuk izlemleri döneminde, doğum sonrası depresyon tanısı koyabilme imkanını mümkündür. Toplumu temsil eden, büyük kitlelere yapılacak topluma dayalı çalışmalar ile geçerli, etkin bir doğum sonrası depresyon taramasının tanımlanmasına ve bu tip bir taramanın klinik olarak anne -bebek açısından hizmetin artırılmasına, olan etkisinin belirlenmesine gereksinim vardır.
Citation - WoS: 1
Sinoptik Problem ve Redaksiyon Kritiği: Giriş Mahiyetinde Bir Değerlendirme
(Cumhuriyet Univ, Fac theology, 2019) Duygu, Zafer
The Synoptic Problem is a puzzle that scholars have desired to solve since the 18th century. The discussion has a religious background, because it is about the first three canonical Gospels of the Church, namely Matthew, Mark and Luke, which came to be called the Synoptic Gospels. The discussion, in the most basic context, concentrates on the point that there is a possible relationship or connection between the Synoptic Gospels and that each one is substantially similar to another but at the same time includes different aspects. This theoretical discussion separates the Gospel of John from the Synoptic Gospels and does not see it as a main source for the history of Jesus. The method of discussion is based on the reading of the Synoptic Gospels from a birds-eye-view, as seen together, and as comparatively in relation to each other. The aim of the discussion is to reach accurate historical information about Jesus and the birth of Christianity by analyzing the possible relationship between the Synoptic Gospels through their sources. Several hypotheses have been proposed for the solution of the Synoptic Problem. However, all the modern studies in the context of the problem are carried out by Western scholars. In other words, Synoptic Problem is a relatively unknown subject in the Turkish academic circles. So in this paper the aim is to draw the attention of the Turkish academy to the substance and framework of the Synoptic Problem through an introductory survey. In addition, some results that can be reached in this context will be exemplified by getting help from the redaction criticism. Summary: The Synoptic Problem is a puzzle that scholars have been trying to solve since the 18th century. The discussion has a religious background, for it is about the first three canonical Gospels of the Church (namely Matthew, Mark, and Luke, which are called the Synoptic Gospels). The discussion, in the most basic context, concentrates on a possible relationship or connection between the Synoptic Gospels and that each one is substantially similar to another one, but at the same time including different aspects. This theoretical discussion separates the Gospel of John from the Synoptic Gospels, and does not see it as a main source for the history of Jesus. The method of this discussion is based on the broad reading of the Synoptic Gospels as well as a comparison in relation to each other. The aim of the discussion is to reach accurate historical information about Jesus and the birth of Christianity by analyzing the possible relationship between the Synoptic Gospels through their sources. The traditional four Gospels have been debated since ancient times. There have been many dimensions of these discussions. However, whether the Gospels contain contradictory information or not has always been at the forefront. Pagan writers, such as Celsus or Porphyry, criticized the Gospels in this respect. Christian writers, such as Marcion or Tatian who lived in the second century when the Gospels were not seen as canon yet, raised some suggestions based on the doubts that the Gospels were incompatible with the Jewish scriptures and contained contradictions among themselves. Marcion included a single Gospel that was close to the Gospel of Luke in his New Testament canon. Tatian made a mixed version of the four Gospels. In the next stage, the contradictions in the Gospels were explained by the Christian writers, such as Origenes or Augustine. However, the four Gospels were more prominent in this new era and they were regarded as canons by the Church. Therefore, the Christian writers' approach to the Gospels also began to change. Origen emphasized allegorical interpretation which had been known since the Jewish philosopher Philo (d. 50) in Alexandria. Thus, he wanted to protect the contradictory texts from being seen as the source of the problem. He argued that the problem was the human mind that could not grasp the allegorical mystery of the text or the narrative in the text. Augustine had a similar approach with the suggestion that the Gospels should be read by a faithful heart. According to Augustine, it is natural that the Gospels reflect different characters because the Gospel writers describe Christ differently. In order to be able to comprehend the divine meaning in these texts, the Gospels must be read in a spiritual mood. After all, all these Christian writers aimed to respond to the criticism by the pagan writers regarding the Gospels, as well as the current suspicions in the minds of Christians. Origen was the first Christian thinker to devote an effort to solve the debates on the Gospels in a logical and systematic way. As for Augustine, he was the starting point of the Synoptic Problem since Augustine was the first to mention the links between the Gospels texts, namely the idea that the authors of the Gospels may have used each other as sources. However, in the modern sense, the Synoptic Problem has been transformed into an academic discipline by the intellectuals who followed the path of Enlightenment thinkers, such as Reimarus (1684-1768), Lessing (1729-1781), Griesbach (1745-1812), and Eichhorn (1752-1827). Because modern researchers differ from old writers based on Church ideologies, they began to demolish traditional beliefs about the Gospels. Thus, the effort to harmonize incompatible narratives in the Gospels is left aside. Indeed, the ancient writers put a lot of effort into it. Now, in the places where indirect relations can be established between the Gospels, the idea of finding the common hypothetical sources of these Gospels is prominent. The claim that the Gospels were directly connected to Jesus as a historical figure has been gradually faded away. The basis of the Synoptic Problem is the comparative reading of the Synoptic Gospels. In the modern sense, this comparison and its interpretation was made by J. J. Griesbach (1745-1812) for the first time. Griesbach was the first scholar to compare Matthew, Mark, and Luke in a way to create a synopsis. His comparison is based on a reading done by placing several passages or narratives from the Gospels side by side. Many hypotheses have been put forward for the solution of the Synoptic Problem. Two-Source Hypotheses, Four-Source Hypotheses, and Farrer Theory are the most popular ones among researchers. These views are based on Marcan Priority. In this context, independently from each other, Matthew and Luke used Mark's text as their sources. Also, according to the Two-Sources and Four-Source Hypotheses, the authors of Matthew and Luke used another written document as their sources. This document is named the "Q" which derives from the German word "Quellen." In this way, it is assumed that the Q-document and the Gospel of Mark are the sources of the Gospels of Matthew and Luke. The writers of the Gospels wrote their own texts by using written and oral sources. One of the scholarly methods is the redaction criticism that explores how the Gospel writers shaped the old literary documents by arranging, re-shaping, and revising them. This theory looks at whether the source used by an author is known and available today in order to understand whether how the author used his sources would provide important clues about his tendencies or ideologies. In this regard, the theory of the Marcan priority can be rendered functional along with the redaction criticism. In doing so, it is possible to reach important conclusions about Jesus and the birth of Christianity, as well as the theological and ideological ideas of the unknown authors of the Gospels of Matthew and Luke. First of all, the authors of Matthew and Luke used Mark's text as their sources. Secondly, we have these three Gospels today. And finally, the ways in which the writers of Matthew and Luke shaped the text, phrases, or expressions of Mark reveal important results about their thoughts. The analysis shows that the authors of Matthew and Luke sometimes made additons that could be called interpolation to Mark's text; sometimes they wanted to censor some statements in Mark; sometimes they tried to explain or clarify some statements in the Mark, or sometimes they tried to blur clear expressions and expositions in Mark's text. These authors did not do such things without a reason. They wanted to reshape Mark's text in accordance with their theological understanding of Jesus as Christ. In this context, according to some expressions in Mark, Jesus' power had a limit. The authors of Matthew and Luke did not find these statements appropriate, because they changed Mark's some statements to create an impression that Jesus' power was not limited. This proves that the authors of Matthew and Luke re-arranged their resources to present Jesus as a superhuman being. Similarly, in Mark, there are lines in which Jesus declares his loyalty and servitude to the God of Israel. In such passages, he presented his personality in a low Christology context against God. However, the authors of Matthew and Luke were disturbed by such statements, because they intervened in these statements in Mark. They wanted to change some of the meanings and contexts in Mark's text through such interventions and presented Jesus as Christ in a high Christological context to their readers. In the end, all these researches also responded to the question of to what extent the Gospels provide reliable information on a historical basis.

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