Bütün, Ahmet
Loading...
Profile URL
Name Variants
Butun, Ahmet
Butun, A.
Butun, A.
Job Title
Doktor Öğretim Üyesi
Email Address
ahmetbutun@artuklu.edu.tr
Main Affiliation
Department of Nursing / Hemşirelik Bölümü
Status
Website
ORCID ID
Scopus Author ID
Turkish CoHE Profile ID
Google Scholar ID
WoS Researcher ID
Sustainable Development Goals
1NO POVERTY
0
Research Products
2ZERO HUNGER
0
Research Products
3GOOD HEALTH AND WELL-BEING
6
Research Products
4QUALITY EDUCATION
1
Research Products
5GENDER EQUALITY
0
Research Products
6CLEAN WATER AND SANITATION
0
Research Products
7AFFORDABLE AND CLEAN ENERGY
0
Research Products
8DECENT WORK AND ECONOMIC GROWTH
1
Research Products
9INDUSTRY, INNOVATION AND INFRASTRUCTURE
0
Research Products
10REDUCED INEQUALITIES
1
Research Products
11SUSTAINABLE CITIES AND COMMUNITIES
0
Research Products
12RESPONSIBLE CONSUMPTION AND PRODUCTION
0
Research Products
13CLIMATE ACTION
0
Research Products
14LIFE BELOW WATER
0
Research Products
15LIFE ON LAND
0
Research Products
16PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS
1
Research Products
17PARTNERSHIPS FOR THE GOALS
0
Research Products
Documents
15
Citations
129
h-index
4
Documents
17
Citations
127
Scholarly Output
39
Articles
25
Views / Downloads
325/3155
Supervised MSc Theses
4
Supervised PhD Theses
0
WoS Citation Count
38
Scopus Citation Count
32
Patents
0
Projects
2
WoS Citations per Publication
0.97
Scopus Citations per Publication
0.82
Open Access Source
30
Supervised Theses
4
| Journal | Count |
|---|---|
| Emergency and Critical Care Medicine | 3 |
| BMC Public Health | 3 |
| BMC Nursing | 2 |
| Anatolian Journal of Emergency Medicine | 2 |
| Türkiye’de Acil Sağlık Hizmetleri | 2 |
Current Page: 1 / 6
Scopus Quartile Distribution
Competency Cloud
39 results
Scholarly Output Search Results
Now showing 1 - 10 of 39
Conference Object Exploring attendance at emergency departments for children with non-urgent conditions in Turkey: A qualitative study of parents perspectives(2021) Bütün, Ahmet; Lynn, Fiona; McGaughey, Jennifer; McLaughlin, Katrina; Linden, MarkBackground: Non-urgent visits to Emergency Departments (EDs) are on the increase, and the pressure on EDs is a significant concern globally. The use of EDs by parents of children with non-urgent conditions is an important and unresolved problem, associated with overcrowding, higher costs, lower quality of care and longer waiting times. The majority of research on this topic has taken place in high-income countries with a dearth of work originating in middle and low-income regions. The aim of this study was to explore reasons for parents attending EDs with their child for non-urgent conditions in Turkey. Methodology: This study utilised a qualitative approach. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with thirteen parents in two regions of Turkey between March and May 2017. Data were analysed using principles of grounded theory. Findings: Parents’ perspectives were classified into five core categories: (1) parents’ feelings, knowledge, and ability to provide self-care; (2) perceived needs for care; (3) limitations of healthcare services/system and staff; (4) trust with ED services, greater resources, convenience and access; and (5) experiences with ED services and the consequences of ED overcrowding. Parents expressed how their feelings regarding their children affected their decision-making processes in relation to healthcare services utilisation. Parents reported that they were worried, anxious, and nervous as well as expressing their fears when their child was sick, and how such parental feelings may have influenced them to use the ED. In addition, low health literacy amongst parents, a limited ability to provide self-care and, therefore, being less capable to manage common childhood illnesses affected ED utilisation. Furthermore, parents perceived their child’s condition as urgent and thought that they would need an ED visit. Moreover, greater trust in ED services, greater resources, being more convenient and ease of access had influenced parents in relation to using the ED rather than their GP. Finally, parents expressed their experiences with using the ED and reported how overcrowding in the ED affected ED services, ED staff and patients. These adverse impacts of ED overcrowding included dissatisfaction, staff occupational stress, lack of interest, being unable to treat patients effectively, poor patient outcomes which led parents to revisit the ED or other healthcare services. Conclusion: This is the first Turkish-based study on parents’ reasons for using EDs for their children with non-urgent conditions. The study identified how ED use is a complex and multi-dimensional issue. This study may inform healthcare providers and policymakers to better understand this issue and help to design high impact solutions and interventions to mitigate overcrowding in EDs. Greater effort must be made to reduce unnecessary visits to the ED to meet service user needs, and to increase satisfaction of both parents and healthcare staff.Article Exploring attendance at emergency departments for children with non-urgent conditions in Turkey: a qualitative study of parents and healthcare staff perspectives(Wolters Kluwer, 2022) Bütün, Ahmet; Lynn, Fiona; McGaughey, Jennifer; McLaughlin, Katrina; Linden, MarkBackground: Overcrowding in Emergency Departments (EDs) is a significant global concern with negative consequences for patients, healthcare staff, and healthcare systems. The use of EDs by parents of children with non-urgent conditions is associated with overcrowding, higher healthcare costs, lower quality of care, and longer waiting times. Research in this area has largely been conducted in high-income countries, with a dearth of work originating in middle and low-income regions. The aim of this study was to explore the reasons for parents attending EDs with their child for non-urgent conditions in Turkey. Method: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 13 parents, 15 ED staff, and 10 General Practitioners (GPs) in 2 regions of Turkey between March and May 2017. Data were analyzed using the principles of grounded theory. Results: The findings were classified into 5 core categories: (1) parents’ feelings, knowledge, and perceived inability to provide self-care; (2) perceived limitations of healthcare services, system, and staff; (3) parents’ preferences for hospital and ED services; (4) adverse impact on ED services; and (5) perceived needs for care. Conclusion: This is the first study conducted in a middle-income country regarding parental reasons for using the ED for nonurgent conditions. Greater efforts must be made to reduce unnecessary visits to the ED to better meet service user needs and to increase the satisfaction of both parents and healthcare staff. The findings of this study may inform healthcare providers, policymakers, healthcare staff, and researchers to design interventions in order to mitigate overcrowding in the ED.Book Part Acil Servis Kalabalıklığı ve Yönetimi(Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık, 2023) Bütün, AhmetAcil servislere başvuru sayısı gün geçtikçe artmakta ve acil sevişlerde hasta yoğunluğuna sebep olmaktadır. Acil servis kalabalıklığı hem ülkemizde hem de dünyada kronik bir sorun olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Acil servis kalabalıklığı, acil servislerin işleyişini ciddi bir şekilde etkileyen ve hâlâ çözülmemiş bir problemdir. Acil servis ziyaret sayısı giderek arttığı için bu sorun hem Türkiye’de hem de dünyada önemli bir halk sorunu hâline gelmiştir. Acil servislerin aşırı yoğunluğu, acil servis personelinin yaşadığı en büyük ve en önemli sorunlardan biridir. Acil servisler üzerindeki baskı, acil servis personeli, acil servis yöneticileri ve politika yapıcılar için dünya çapında önemli bir sorun olarak durmaktadır. Acil servislere yapılan ziyaretlerin önemli bir kısmını durumu acil olmayan hastalar oluşturmaktadır. Bu hastaların acil servislere başvuruları acil servislerde aşırı hasta yoğunluğuna yol açmaktadır. Böylece acil servislerde bekleme süreleri uzayabilmekte, ciddi hastalığı olan hastaların tedavileri gecikmekte, hasta memnuniyetsizliği artmakta, acil serviste genel bir karmaşa ve yetersizlik durumu ortaya çıkmaktadır. Acil servislerin aşırı yoğun olması, acil bakıma en çok ihtiyaç duyan hastaların tedavilerinde gecikmelere neden olmakta, verilen sağlık hizmetlerinin kalitesini düşürmekte ve sağlık hizmeti maliyetini artırmaktadır. Bu kitap bölümünün amacı acil servis kalabalıklığının sebeplerini tespit etmek ve bu kalabalıklığı azaltmaya yönelik çeşitli çözüm önerileri sunmaktır.Master Thesis Geçici ve Uluslararası Koruma Statüsündeki Bireylerin Acil Servis Kullanımı: 2017–2023 Yılları Arasında Bir Devlet Hastanesi Verilerine Dayalı Retrospektif Çalışma(2025) Yiğit, Yonca; Bütün, AhmetSon yıllarda artan göç hareketliliğinin, sağlık sistemi üzerinde olumsuz etkilere sebep olabileceği düşünülmektedir. Özellikle erişimi daha kolay olan ve 24 saat açık olan acil servislerin, geçici ve uluslararası koruma statüsündeki bireyler tarafından sık kullanılan servislerden biri olduğu görülmektedir. Ancak acil servislerin mevcut yoğunluğuna geçici ve uluslararası koruma statüsündeki bireylerin de eklenmesiyle birlikte acil servis kullanımında değişimler yaşanmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı geçici ve uluslararası koruma statüsündeki bireylerin acil servis kullanımına etkisini tespit etmektir. Bu araştırma, retrospektif olarak geçici ve uluslararası koruma statüsündeki bireylerin acil servis başvuru oranlarını sayısal ve istatistiksel temelde inceleyen nicel bir araştırmadır. Bu araştırmanın örneklemi 2017-2023 yılları arasında acil servise başvuru yapan geçici ve uluslararası koruma statüsündeki bireylerdir. Araştırmada, bir devlet hastanesine ait 2017-2023 yılları arasındaki acil servis verileri retrospektif olarak analiz edilmiştir. Verilerde geçici ve uluslararası koruma statüsündeki bireyler ile yerli hastaların başvuru oranları, nedenleri ve triyaj durumları yıllara göre dağılımları karşılaştırmalı olarak incelenmiştir. Elde edilen bulgulara göre geçici ve uluslararası koruma statüsündeki bireylerin acil servise başvuru oranı dikkat çekici düzeydedir. Özellikle Suriye uyruklu hasta grubunun, acil servis ve acil servis dışındaki diğer birimlere başvuruları değerlendirildiğinde yerli hastalara kıyasla acil servis kullanma eğilimlerinin daha yüksek olduğu ve genel hastane başvurularına kıyasla acil servis başvuru oranlarının daha yüksek olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Çalışma bulguları, geçici ve uluslararası koruma statüsündeki bireylerin başvuru nedenlerine bakıldığında acil servisleri acil olmayan durumlar için kullanma eğiliminde olduklarını ortaya koymaktadır. Bu durum mevcut acil servis yoğunluğuna etki ettiğinden dolayı yoğunluğa bağlı olumsuzlara sebep olabileceği düşünülmektedir. Bu çalışma, acil servis yoğunluğunun önüne geçebilmek amacıyla geçici ve uluslararası koruma statüsündeki bireylerin sağlık hizmetlerine erişimini kolaylaştıracak yapısal düzenlemelerin önemine vurgu yapmakta ve birinci basamak sağlık hizmetlerinin daha etkin hizmet sunulabilmesi için önerilerde bulunmaktadır. Araştırma, göçmen sağlığı politikalarının oluşturulmasına ve acil servis hizmetlerinin daha verimli planlanmasında katkı sağlamayı hedeflemektedir.Master Thesis The Effect of Emergency Department Overcrowding on Safety Attitudes of Healthcare Staff(2025) Biçen, Hasan; Bütün, AhmetAcil servisler, sağlık sisteminin kritik birimlerinden biridir. Acil servislerdeki hasta yoğunluğunun birçok olumsuz etkisi vardır. Acil servislerdeki yoğunluk hastalar, sağlık personelleri ve sağlık sistemi üzerinde ciddi olumsuz etkileri vardır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, acil servislerdeki hasta yoğunluğunun sağlık çalışanlarının güvenlik tutumları üzerine etkisini tespit etmektir. Kesitsel tanımlayıcı desende planlanan bu çalışma, Mardin ilindeki dört hastanenin acil servislerinde görev yapan 336 sağlık çalışanı (266 hemşire, 70 doktor) ile yürütülmüştür. Bu çalışmanın verileri 16/02/2024-30/03/2024 tarihleri arasında toplanmıştır. Veriler, 'Demografik Özellikler Formu', 'Güvenlik Tutumları Anketi' ve 'NEDOCS Formu' kullanılarak toplanmıştır. NEDOCS skoru ile Güvenlik Tutumları alt boyutları (takım çalışması iklimi, güvenlik iklimi, iş doyumu, stresin kabulü, yönetime ilişkin algılar, çalışma koşulları) arasındaki ilişki Pearson korelasyon analizi ve çoklu regresyon ile değerlendirilmiştir. İstatistiksel analizlerde SPSS 26 programı kullanılmış ve anlamlılık düzeyi p<0,05 olarak belirlenmiştir. Katılımcıların %55,1'i erkekti. NEDOCS skoru 43 günlük veri toplama sonucunda, farklı günlerde yapılan hesaplamalarda, 21 gün 'yoğun ama kalabalık değil', 17 gün 'kalabalık', 5 gün 'ciddi şekilde kalabalık' olarak tespit edilmiştir. NEDOCS skoru arttıkça Güvenlik Tutumları Anketi alt boyutlarından ekip çalışması iklimi (r: -0,236), güvenlik iklimi (r: -0,248), iş doyumu (r: -0,254), yönetime ilişkin algılar (r: -0,302) ve çalışma koşulları (r: -0,348) puanlarının anlamlı düzeyde düştüğü tespit edildi (p<0,001). Stresin kabulü boyutunda ise anlamlı bir ilişki bulunamadı (p>0,05). Doktorların ve deneyimli çalışanların güvenlik tutum puanları daha yüksekti. Yoğunluğun arttığı günlerde tüm alt boyut puanları düşüş gösterdi. Acil servis yoğunluğu, sağlık çalışanlarının güvenlik tutumlarını olumsuz etkilemektedir. Özellikle ekip çalışması, güvenlik algısı ve iş doyumu gibi kritik boyutlar, yoğunluk arttıkça zayıflamaktadır. Bu çalışma, acil servis yoğunluğunun sağlık çalışanlarının güvenlik tutumları üzerinde önemli bir etkisi olduğunu ortaya koymuş ve sağlık sistemlerinin bu soruna multidisipliner çözümler üretmesi gerektiğini vurgulamıştır. Acil servislerdeki hasta yoğunluğu sorununun ele alınması, sağlık hizmeti sunumunu iyileştirmek ve acil servislerdeki sağlık personelinin ve hasta refahının sağlanması için çok önemlidirArticle Investigation of State Anxiety Levels of Parents Admitted to the Paediatric Emergency Department(BMC, 2025) Yesil, Ahmet; Butun, AhmetIntroduction: The psychological well-being of parents during their child's emergency treatment can significantly influence the overall care experience and outcomes. Parental stress and anxiety may affect their ability to provide accurate information, make informed decisions, and support their child effectively during treatment. The aim of this study was to identify the levels of state anxiety experienced by parents whose children were receiving care in the Paediatric Emergency Department (PED), and related factors that contributing to parental anxiety. Methods: This study is a descriptive cross-sectional study. The setting of the study was PED at a tertiary hospital with a 700-bed capacity. Participants were parents of children who visited the PED and received least urgent code during triage. The population of the study consists of a total of 426 parents of children admitted to the PED. Data were collected face-to-face between 4 November 2024 and 15 December 2024. Data collection tools included a socio-demographic questionnaire and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), a validated 40-item tool measuring state and trait anxiety. The data were analysed using SPSS Statistics for Windows. Results: Majority of the visits were made by mothers (66%), while fathers were less active in this process (34%). The mean state anxiety score was 42.45 +/- 8.94 and the mean trait anxiety score was 43.70 +/- 8.12. Moreover, mothers exhibited significantly higher trait anxiety than fathers (p = 0,003). Significant differences were found in both state and trait anxiety scores according to mother's education level (p < 0.001). It was found that the trait anxiety levels of non-employed mothers were significantly higher than those of employed mothers (p = 0.046). Anxiety levels were found to be higher in those who visited the PED more frequently. In addition, a significant difference was found in state anxiety scores according to the perceived urgency of the child's condition, and it was observed that anxiety levels were higher in very urgent conditions (p < 0.001). Anxiety levels were significantly associated with maternal education (p < 0.001), non-employed status (p = 0.046), frequent PED visits, and perceived urgency of the child's condition (p < 0.001). It was determined that those who were dissatisfied and those who were partially satisfied with the communication of healthcare staff had higher anxiety levels. It was seen that the anxiety levels of those who were dissatisfied and those who were partially satisfied with providing information by healthcare staff were higher (p = 0.020). The adequacy of allocated time for care made a significant difference in both state and trait anxiety scores, and it was observed that the anxiety levels of those who were dissatisfied and those who were partially satisfied with the adequacy of allocated time for care were higher. Dissatisfaction with staff communication and allocated care time also correlated with higher anxiety (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Effectiveness of healthcare staff, the importance of communication, and the perceived quality of care provided to children in the PED were important indicators for parental anxiety. Effective communication between healthcare providers and parents could lead to increased level of parental satisfaction with healthcare staff and with the PED settings. Effective communication could reduce parental anxiety during the course of care and treatment, and thus enhancing the overall experience of families in the PED settings.Article Citation - WoS: 1A Cross-Sectional Study of Emergency Care Services During the Covid-19 Pandemic: A Multicenter Study of Healthcare Staff Perspectives(Springernature, 2024) Butun, Ahmet; Yesil, YesimIntroduction: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has significantly impacted various aspects of healthcare services, including emergency care services. Healthcare staff face mental issues and physical exertion when caring for patients potentially infected with COVID-19. Understanding the experiences and perspectives of emergency department (ED) healthcare staff during the COVID-19 pandemic is essential to inform evidence-based interventions and strategies to mitigate the impact on emergency care services. This study aims to investigate the experiences of ED healthcare staff regarding emergency care services during the COVID-19 pandemic, thus providing valuable insights into the challenges faced. Materials and methods: This study utilized a cross-sectional study design. Data were collected from 256 ED healthcare staff working in nine different hospitals located in Turkey between November 15, 2021, and December 30, 2021. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: A total of 256 participants were included in the study. Of the participants, 58.6% were nurses, 19.5% were ED doctors, and 21.9% were emergency medical technicians. In addition, 67.2% of the participants were infected with COVID-19, and almost all of them (94.1%) were psychologically affected by the pandemic process. It was found that 85.2% of ED healthcare staff felt excluded by society due to being healthcare staff and 71.9% had to be separated from their families. Nurses were separated from their families at the highest rate (78%) during this period. Conclusion: More than half of the ED healthcare staff had problems accessing protective equipment and were separated from their families during the pandemic due to the risk of COVID-19 transmission. Although the number of ED visits decreased because of restrictions at the beginning of the pandemic, ED visits increased again with the abolition of restrictions.Article Citation - WoS: 1Citation - Scopus: 1The Mediating Role of Self-Esteem in the Relationship Between Nursing Students’ Self-Efficacy in Paediatric Medication Administration and Their Self-Confidence Levels in Clinical Decision-Making(BMC, 2025) Butun, Ahmet; Özbay, Hediye; Ersue, Nilay Filoglu; Ersü, Nilay Filoglu; OEzbay, HediyeBackground Preventing medication errors and ensuring safe medication application for students to enhance their self-efficacy are important for patient safety. Improving self-efficacy and self-confidence and teaching strategies for managing the anxiety of nursing students during medication administration to children are crucial in paediatric clinical practises. Aim The primary aim of this study was to evaluate nursing students' medication administration self-efficacy in children, self-confidence anxiety, and self-esteem in clinical decision-making. The second aim was to reveal the mediating role of self-esteem in the relationship between nursing students' self-efficacy in medication administration in children and self-confidence and anxiety levels in clinical decision-making. Methods This study employed a cross-sectional survey research design. A total of 317 nursing students participated in the study. The data were collected between 16/09/2024 and 30/09/2024 via face-to-face survey technique. The data were collected using Student Introduction Form, Medication Administration Self-Efficacy Scale in Children for Nursing Students, Nursing Anxiety and Self-Confidence with Clinical Decision-Making Scale, and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale Short Form. Results Nursing students reported low self-efficacy (45.53 +/- 15.85) and self-confidence (62.61 +/- 30.16) in paediatric medication administration, along with moderate anxiety levels (89.20 +/- 41.99). However, self-esteem levels were high (1.91 +/- 0.52). Self-esteem was found to partially mediate the relationship between self-efficacy and self-confidence but did not significantly mediate the relationship between self-efficacy and anxiety. Among the participants, 39.4% stated that they did not make a mistake in calculating the medication dose in children. 69.1% of participants reported a need for training in the preparation and administration of paediatric medications. Conclusion The results suggest that interventions to improve self-esteem could enhance nursing students' self-confidence in clinical decision-making, particularly in paediatric medication administration. Incorporating self-esteem-building activities and targeted training into nursing curricula is recommended to address low self-efficacy and moderate anxiety levels. These results have important implications for nursing education, suggesting that such interventions could reduce medication errors and improve patient safety. Future research should explore the long-term impact of these interventions on clinical performance and patient outcomes.Article Comparison of Breastfeeding Behaviors of Mothers Toward Infants by Ethnic Groups: an Example of a Multicultural City(Mary Ann Liebert, inc, 2025) Butun, Ahmet; Deger, Vasfiye BayramIntroduction: Breastfeeding practices vary widely among different ethnic groups and are influenced by cultural, social, economic, and educational factors. The aim of this study was to compare the breastfeeding behaviors of mothers toward infants in different ethnic groups.Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study included women of four ethnic groups (Assyrian, Turkish, Arab, and Kurdish) living in Mardin, Turkey. The study was completed with 180 Assyrian, 184 Turkish, 175 Arab, and 169 Kurdish women. In total, 708 women participated in this study. Data were collected between August 12, 2024, and September 22, 2024.Results: The highest rate of traditional breastfeeding practices was seen in Kurdish (99.4%), whereas this rate was 97.3% in Turkish, 96% in Arab, and 84.4% in Assyrian. The highest rate of giving breast milk immediately after birth was in Assyrian (71.7%), while this rate was 69.3% in Turkish, 61.9% in Kurdish, and 47% in Arab (p = 0.000). The rate of those who waited for three calls to prayer to feed the baby was 13.1% in Kurdish, 11.3% in Arab, 9.5% in Turkish, and 7.9% in Assyrian. The rate of those who did not give the first milk (colostrum) to the baby was 15.8% in Assyrian, 11.7% in Turkish, 6.5% in Kurdish, and 6% in Arab. The rate of those who give sugared water as the baby's first nutrient was 37.5% in Arab, 20.8% in Kurdish, 11.7% in Turkish, and 9.2% in Assyrian. Increased education levels were associated with decreased rates of the presence of traditional practices.Conclusion: This study provides novel results regarding the comparison of breastfeeding behaviors among ethnic groups living in the same city. Comparing breastfeeding practices across the four ethnic groups allowed us to better understand different breastfeeding practices, which could lead to the development of culturally sensitive interventions to improve the health of children and mothers. Educating the community about the benefits of breastfeeding and the risks associated with some traditional practices could contribute to public health.Article Citation - WoS: 10Citation - Scopus: 8Exploring Attendance at Emergency Departments for Children With Non-Urgent Conditions in Turkey: a Qualitative Study of Parents and Healthcare Staff Perspectives(Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2022) Butun, Ahmet; Lynn, Fiona; McGaughey, Jennifer; McLaughlin, Katrina; Linden, MarkBackground:Overcrowding in Emergency Departments (EDs) is a significant global concern with negative consequences for patients, healthcare staff, and healthcare systems. The use of EDs by parents of children with non-urgent conditions is associated with overcrowding, higher healthcare costs, lower quality of care, and longer waiting times. Research in this area has largely been conducted in high-income countries, with a dearth of work originating in middle and low-income regions. The aim of this study was to explore the reasons for parents attending EDs with their child for non-urgent conditions in Turkey.Method:Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 13 parents, 15 ED staff, and 10 General Practitioners (GPs) in 2 regions of Turkey between March and May 2017. Data were analyzed using the principles of grounded theory.Results:The findings were classified into 5 core categories: (1) parents' feelings, knowledge, and perceived inability to provide self-care; (2) perceived limitations of healthcare services, system, and staff; (3) parents' preferences for hospital and ED services; (4) adverse impact on ED services; and (5) perceived needs for care.Conclusion:This is the first study conducted in a middle-income country regarding parental reasons for using the ED for nonurgent conditions. Greater efforts must be made to reduce unnecessary visits to the ED to better meet service user needs and to increase the satisfaction of both parents and healthcare staff. The findings of this study may inform healthcare providers, policymakers, healthcare staff, and researchers to design interventions in order to mitigate overcrowding in the ED.
