Philanthropy in the Middle East and North African Region: A Comparative Perspective From Iran, Lebanon, and Türkiye

Abstract

The aim of the chapter is to critically review institutionalised forms of philanthropic organisations in the extant literature about the Middle East and North Africa region by focusing on Iran, Lebanon, and Turkey—three low-middle and high-middle income countries which represent a breadth of historical, cultural and political contexts. The chapter examines the current context, trends, and profile of the philanthropic sector in the MENA region along with the key challenges and potential opportunities facing the sector in terms of addressing social welfare needs effectively and strengthening social values and state institutions in favour of equitable social policy. The chapter also covers the prospects for sustainability and inclusiveness of philanthropic social policy in the region. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.