GEÇMİŞTEN GÜNÜMÜZE BAZI SALGIN HASTALIKLARIN TOPLUM ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİ
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Date
2021
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INSTİTUT FÜR DİE WELT DER TÜRKEN
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Abstract
İnsanlık tarihi boyunca farklı dönemlerde toplumlarda hastalıklar
ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu görülen kimi hastalıklar, salgın halini almıştır.
Geçmişten günümüze görülen salgın hastalıklar toplumda derin izler
bırakmıştır. Salgın hastalıklara karşı geçmişte de önlemler alınmaya
çalışılmıştır. Tarihte görülen salgın hastalıkların kaynağı ve hastalığın ne gibi
etkileri olacağı bilinmediğinden toplumda korku hâkim olmuştur. Süreç
içerisinde yaşanan değişimlerden ve sağlık alanında atılan adımlarla salgın
hastalıklara karşı uygun aşı bulunmuş ve karantina sistemi de faaliyete
geçmiştir. Ancak atılan adımlara rağmen halkın yeterli bilgiye sahip olmadığı
anlaşıldığından halkın bilinçlendirilmesi için çalışmalar yürütülmüştür.
Çalışmalara rağmen salgın hastalıklarının öldürücü etkisi, toplum içerisinde
ilişkilerde kopmalara yol açmıştır. Salgın ekonomide de etkisini göstermiş ve
toplumda kıtlıklar baş göstermiştir. Salgın hastalıklar toplumun sosyo ekonomik hayatını oldukça kötü etkilediği gibi bireylerde de salgın nedeniyle
olumsuzluklar fark edilmiştir. Salgının en çok vücut direnci zayıf kişileri
(yaşlılar, çocuklar) etkilediği tespit edilmiştir. Osmanlı Devleti, faaliyetleriile salgın hastalıklara karşı mücadelede kararlılığını sürdürmüş ve nizam
çerçevesinde hareket etmiştir. Bu kararlılık günümüzde de devam etmekte
olup devlet yürütmeye çalıştığı politikaları ile salgına karşı* mücadelesini
sürdürmektedir. Bu çalışmada veba, frengi, kolera, çiçek hastalığı, sıtma,
kızamık, yeni koronavirüs (covit-19), gibi bazı salgın hastalıklar hakkında
tarihsel bilgi verildikten sonra bu hastalıların toplum üzerindeki etkisi izah
edilmeye çalışılmıştır.
Diseases can be seen in people in different periods throughout history. Some of these diseases have become epidemics. Epidemic diseases from the past to the present have left deep marks in the society. Measures against epidemics have also been attempted in the past. Since the source of the epidemic diseases seen in the history and the effects of the disease are unknown, fear prevailed in the society. With the changes in the process and the steps taken in the field of health, the appropriate vaccine against epidemic diseases was found and the quarantine system was put into operation. However, despite the steps taken, it was understood that the public did not have enough information, so efforts were made to raise the awareness of the public. Despite the studies, the lethal effect of epidemics has led to ruptures in relations within society. The epidemic also had an impact on the economy and famines appeared in the society. Epidemic diseases affect the socio economic life of the society very badly, and negativities have been noticed in individuals due to the epidemic. It has been found that the epidemic mostly affects people with weak body resistance (elderly, children). The Ottoman State continued its determination and acted within the framework of its activities in the fight against epidemic diseases. This determination continues today, and the state continues its struggle against the epidemic with its policies. In this study, after giving historical information about some epidemic diseases such as plague, syphilis, cholera, smallpox, malaria, measles, new coronavirus (covit-19), the effect of these diseases on the society was tried to be explained.
Diseases can be seen in people in different periods throughout history. Some of these diseases have become epidemics. Epidemic diseases from the past to the present have left deep marks in the society. Measures against epidemics have also been attempted in the past. Since the source of the epidemic diseases seen in the history and the effects of the disease are unknown, fear prevailed in the society. With the changes in the process and the steps taken in the field of health, the appropriate vaccine against epidemic diseases was found and the quarantine system was put into operation. However, despite the steps taken, it was understood that the public did not have enough information, so efforts were made to raise the awareness of the public. Despite the studies, the lethal effect of epidemics has led to ruptures in relations within society. The epidemic also had an impact on the economy and famines appeared in the society. Epidemic diseases affect the socio economic life of the society very badly, and negativities have been noticed in individuals due to the epidemic. It has been found that the epidemic mostly affects people with weak body resistance (elderly, children). The Ottoman State continued its determination and acted within the framework of its activities in the fight against epidemic diseases. This determination continues today, and the state continues its struggle against the epidemic with its policies. In this study, after giving historical information about some epidemic diseases such as plague, syphilis, cholera, smallpox, malaria, measles, new coronavirus (covit-19), the effect of these diseases on the society was tried to be explained.
Description
Keywords
Salgın, Toplum, Osmanlı Devleti, Hastalık, Sağlık
Turkish CoHE Thesis Center URL
Fields of Science
Citation
WoS Q
Scopus Q
Source
Zeitschrift für die Welt der Türken Journal of World of Turks
Volume
13
Issue
1
Start Page
227
End Page
248