Physiological, agronomical and quality response of bread wheat to phosphorus application under dryland condition

Abstract

An understanding of physiological and agronomical traits associated with high grain yield and efficiency of phosphorususe is important to the improvement of genotypes underdrylandconditions. An experiment was conducted toevaluate the influence of differentiated phosphorus fertilization rate on the yield and quality of wheat at the experimental farm, University of Dicle, Diyarbakir, Turkey during 2013-2014 and 2014-2015 growing seasons. The experiment was consisted offive treatments comprising of five phosphorus(P2O5)levels (0 kg ha−1, 30 kgha−1, 60 kg ha−1, 90 kg ha−1and 120 kg ha−1). It was observed that phosphoruslevels exhibited significant differences to the grainnumbersper m2, grain weight and grain yield ha-1, as well as tostarch content and protein content in the first season. There was no significant effect of phosphorus on all studied grain yield and qualitycharacters in the second season.The improvementingrain yield was significantly associated with the increase in the values of grainnumber, accordingly, thecoefficients of grain number and grain yield showed that grain number had a positive and direct effect on grain yield suggestinga criteria traitto enhanceyield.It was concluded that the highest grain yield of wheat crop was obtained with 120 kgha-1P2O5and it showedcomparatively better performance than another treatment under investigation