Seker, UgurGokce, YasinKati, BulentYuksel, MeralGuzel, Baris CanShokoohi, Majid2025-02-152025-02-1520241698-031Xhttps://doi.org/10.22514/j.androl.2024.015https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12514/6063Testicular ischemia reperfusion (I/R) injury is a significant urological problem where clinical interventions may be inadequate, and the antioxidants might be potential co-treatment modalities. This study examined the gonadoprotective effect of trans-Anethole in testicular I/R injury. Twenty-eight male rats were divided into four groups. Rats in the I/R, I/R + t100, I/R + t200 groups underwent bilateral testicular I/R injury. The I/R + t100 and I/R + t200 groups received 100 or 200 mg/kg trans-Anethole at the 2nd hour of ischemia. Microscopic evaluations demonstrated that testicular I/R injury leads to severe testicular degeneration. Tissue oxidative stress, pro-apoptotic Bcl-2 associated X (Bax) and Caspase 3, pro-inflammatory Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) and Interleukin 6 (IL-6) cytokines levels were significantly (p < 0.05) upregulated when compared to the Control group. Additionally, transcription factors Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and Nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-kappa B) levels increased significantly (p < 0.05) compared to the Control group. Tissue disrupted parameters in the I/R + t200 group were significantly different (p < 0.05) from the I/R group, contrasting with the slight improvement in the I/R + t100 group. The STAT3 and NF-kappa B expression levels in the I/R + t200 group were significantly suppressed (p < 0.05) compared to the I/R group. In conclusion, our study indicates that trans-Anethole could enhance gonadoprotective activity in testicular I/R injury, potentially involving transcription factors STAT3 and NF-kappa B. However, before the consumption of trans-Anethole-containing natural or manufactured goods, the potential benefits and side effects should be carefully evaluated.en10.22514/j.androl.2024.015info:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccessTestisIschemia Reperfusion InjuryTrans-AnetholeApoptosisInflammationArticle2235767Q4Q3WOS:0013948373000082-s2.0-85206123282393947500