Browsing by Author "Alam, Pravej"

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Calcium-Mediated Mitigation Strategies and Novel Approaches To Alleviate Arsenic Induced Plant Stress
(Elsevier Ireland Ltd, 2025) Alam, Pravej; Iqbal, Sumera; Waheed, Zainab; Eren, Abdullah; Shamsi, Anas; Shahwan, Moyad; Faizan, Mohammad
One worldwide environmental concern is the presence of potentially hazardous elements (PTEs) in air, soil, and water resources. Arsenic is one of the PTEs that is thought to be the most poisonous and carcinogenic. Plants exposed to arsenic may experience several morphological, physiological, and biochemical changes-even at extremely low concentrations. Arsenic toxicity to plants varies with its speciation in plants (e.g., arsenite, As(III); arsenate, As(V)), with the kind of plant species, and with other soil parameters affecting arsenic accumulation in plants, according to new study on arsenic in the soil-plant system. Arsenic stress modifies metabolic cascades in plants at different developmental stages by affecting the pattern of gene expressions mediated by small non-coding RNAs (micro-RNAs), which are essential for plant adaptation to oxidative stress and play a key role in the moderation of numerous cellular processes. In this review, we investigated the impact of calcium (Ca2 +) on the toxicity of arsenic in plant and soil environments. Plant grown with arsenic exhibited enhanced arsenic uptake, increased oxidative stress and growth inhibition. Arsenic toxicity modulates carbohydrate, lipid, and protein metabolism along with DNA structure. Role of Ca2+, Ca channels and Ca sensors to signaling pathways also described briefly. A worldwide issue for humanity is the poisoning of soil ecosystems by arsenic. Its toxicity, tolerance, and phytoremediation of polluted soils utilizing calcium were the main points of the recent review, which also highlighted the significant mechanisms of arsenic in soil-plant systems.
Nano-Enabled Biochar Modulate Arsenic Toxicity in Plants: a Step Towards Crop Safety and Health
(Springer Int Publ Ag, 2025) Faizan, Mohammad; Sharma, Pooja; Eren, Abdullah; Afzal, Shadma; Alam, Pravej; Baran, Mehmet Firat; Hayat, Shamsul; 21.02. Department of Medical Services and Techniques / Tıbbi Hizmetler ve Teknikleri Bölümü; 16.01. Department of Organic Agriculture / Organik Tarım Bölümü; 16. School of Vocational Higher School of Kızıltepe/ Kızıltepe Meslek Yüksekokulu; 21. Vocational School of Health Services / Sağlık Hizmetleri Meslek Yüksekokulu; 01. Mardin Artuklu University / Mardin Artuklu Üniversitesi
As global agricultural demands continue to rise amidst increasing environmental stressors, enhancing plant resilience has become a critical necessity. Heavy metals (HMs), especially arsenic (As), severely impact crop productivity and quality, threatening global food security and human health. Arsenic toxicity disrupts normal physiological, biochemical and molecular processes in food crops due to its eco-toxicological effects. Nano-enabled biochar (Nano-BC) has emerged as a promising soil amendment capable of mitigating As-induced oxidative stress in horticultural crops by modulating stress responses, enhancing detoxification pathways and improving plant resilience. This review comprehensively examines the interactions of Nano-BC with soil matrices and microbial communities, highlighting its dual role in influencing soil health and plant growth. While Nano-BC improves soil structure, increases nutrient retention and supports beneficial microbial populations, its potential long-term ecological impacts and interactions with native microbial communities require further evaluation. Furthermore, we discuss the mechanisms by which Nano-BC modulates As bioavailability, phyto-toxicity and detoxification pathways in horticultural crops. Advances in Nano-BC applications have demonstrated its potential in producing "pollution-safe" crops, yet challenges remain regarding its environmental fate and persistence. Future research should focus on optimizing Nano-BC formulations to enhance its efficiency while minimizing unintended ecological consequences. By integrating Nano-BC into sustainable agricultural practices, we can move closer to achieving food security, mitigating HM stress in crops and aligning with global sustainable development goals (SDGs).
Citation - WoS: 7
Citation - Scopus: 9
Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles for Sustainable Agriculture: a Tool To Combat Salinity Stress in Rice ( Oryza Sativa) by Modulating the Nutritional Profile and Redox Homeostasis Mechanisms
(Elsevier, 2025) Dogan, Yusuf; Alam, Pravej; Sultan, Haider; Sharma, Renuka; Soysal, Sipan; Baran, Mehmet Firat; Faizan, Mohammad; 06.02. Department of Plant Protection / Bitki Koruma Bölümü; 21.02. Department of Medical Services and Techniques / Tıbbi Hizmetler ve Teknikleri Bölümü; 06. Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technologies in Kızıltepe / Kızıltepe Tarım Bilimleri ve Teknolojileri Fakültesi; 21. Vocational School of Health Services / Sağlık Hizmetleri Meslek Yüksekokulu; 01. Mardin Artuklu University / Mardin Artuklu Üniversitesi
The use of nanoparticles (NPs) as an amendment to reduce salt toxicity has gained much attention. Keeping in mind, this research work was done to evaluate the effect of zinc oxide NPs (ZnO-NPs) to mitigate the salt stress in rice (Oryza sativa) plant. Rice plants were subjected to salt stress (150 mM of NaCl) at 15 days of sowing through the soil. ZnO-NPs were characterized by Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and were applied foliar at concentration of 100 mg/L for five consecutive days (26-30 DAS). The results confirmed the salt toxicity and reduced shoot length (27 %), root fresh weight (31 %), SPAD chlorophyll (29 %), net photosynthetic rate (24 %), and nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K) and zinc (Zn) uptake by 9 %, 11 %, 13 % and 17 % respectively, while salinity increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes, proline, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and malondialdehyde (MDA) content in rice plants. However, in plants grown under salt stress, foliar application of ZnONPs significantly improved growth, photosynthesis, nutrient uptake and antioxidant enzymes activity. Beside, ZnO-NPs reduced salinity-induced oxidative stress by lowering H2O2 and MDA content. Therefore, our research showed that ZnO-NPs is useful and efficient in encouraging growth and lessening salinity stress in rice plants.