Browsing by Author "Dicle, Y."

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    Botulism
    (Nova Science Publishers, Inc., 2024) Dicle, Y.; Department of Basic Medical Sciences / Temel Tıp Bilimleri Bölümü; 10. Faculty of Medicine / Tıp Fakültesi; 01. Mardin Artuklu University / Mardin Artuklu Üniversitesi
    Botulism is a rare but serious illness caused by a toxin produced by the Clostridium botulinum bacterium. The toxin can cause paralysis and, in severe cases, it can be fatal. Botulism can be contracted through contaminated food, wound infections, or the use of contaminated drugs. Symptoms typically appear within six to 36 hours after exposure and include blurred vision, dry mouth, difficulty swallowing, and muscle weakness. Diagnosis is typically made through laboratory testing of blood or stool samples from a patient. Treatment involves administering antitoxin medication and supportive care to manage symptoms. Prevention measures include proper food handling and preparation, wound care, and avoiding the use of illicit drugs. While botulism is rare, it is a serious condition that requires prompt medical attention. Early diagnosis and treatment can improve outcomes and reduce the risk of complications. © 2024 Nova Science Publishers, Inc. All rights reserved.
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    Tetanus
    (Nova Science Publishers, Inc., 2024) Dicle, Y.; Department of Basic Medical Sciences / Temel Tıp Bilimleri Bölümü; 10. Faculty of Medicine / Tıp Fakültesi; 01. Mardin Artuklu University / Mardin Artuklu Üniversitesi
    Tetanus is a fatal disease caused by tetanospasmin exotoxins produced by C. tetani, an anaerobic gram-positive bacterium. Although the disease can be prevented by vaccination, it is still a serious toxic fatal infection. While tetanus is less common in developed countries, it is a common infectious agent in less developed countries. The exotoxin tetanospasmin produced by C. tetani causes severe cramps, muscle spasms, and autonomic nervous system dysfunction in humans. Tetanus is usually caused by a contaminated wound, a skin rupture with compromised integrity, inadequate perinatal hygiene, or a cord cut with inappropriate materials during labor and delivery. To prevent tetanus, it is recommended that people of all ages be vaccinated with the tetanus toxoid vaccine to ensure good immunization. The rate of developing immunity against tetanus decreases significantly and inversely with age. The rates of developing immunity are quite high, especially in people who have been vaccinated for any reason in adulthood. Tetanus treatments generally aim to prevent muscle spasms and eliminate cardiovascular problems. In addition, if there is an open wound, the skin around the wound is cleaned, antibiotics and antitoxins are applied, and supportive care is applied. © 2024 Nova Science Publishers, Inc. All rights reserved.