Browsing by Author "Iqbal, Muhammad Aamir"

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COHERENT FERTILIZATION REGIMES BOOST PRODUCTIVITY AND NUTRITIONAL QUALITY OF SOYBEAN (Glycine max. L. Merrill)
(Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 2021) Kızılgeçi, Ferhat; Öztürk, Ferhat; Kızılgeçi, Ferhat; Koca, Yakup Kenan; Iqbal, Muhammad Aamir
Environmental pollution sed by leaching and gaseous issions from chemical fertilizers necessitates evluation and optimization of organic sources of plant nutrition for soybean production under changing climate scenario. A field study was executed to test different fertilization regimes including chemical fertilizers (CF) (80 kg N and 80 kg P2O5 ha(-1)), sheep barn manure (SBM) (5161 kg ha(-1)). cattle barn manure (CBM) (4878 kg ha(-1)), liquid cattle barn manure (LCBM) (27580 kg ha(-1)) and vermicompost (VC) (4000 kg ha(-1)). The yield attributes, grain yield and fatty acid composition of soybean were taken as response variables in this investigation. The experimental design was randomized complete block design with three replications. The results revealed that SBM and CF recorded the tallest plants and first pod height respectively at both R1 and R5 growth stages, In addition, SBM remained superior for recording significantly higher leaf number at R1 and R5 and node number at R5 stage along with maximum pod number and seeds per pod. The maximum 1000 grain weight and grain yield were exhibited by LCBM which was followed by SBM. In addition, CBM gave the highest protein content while LCBM recorded the maximum oil percentage along with linoleic, mysteric and behenic acid contents, Furthermore, LCBM outperformed other fertilization regimes in terms of palmitoleic, stearic, linolenic and arachidic acids percentages along with oleic: linoleic acid ratio.
CONJUNCTED FERTILIZATION REGIMES BOOST SEED YIELD AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF SUNFLOWER (Helianthus annuus L.)
(2022) Kızılgeçi, Ferhat; Öztürk, Ferhat; Koca, Yakup Kenan; Kızılgeçi, Ferhat; Tazebay Asan, Nihan; Iqbal, Muhammad Aamir
In the frame of sustainable farming systems to decrease chemical fertilizers use and protect the en vironment, organic fertilization regimes hold poten tial as an alternative strategy to supply essential nu trients to crops. A field trial was conducted to sort out the most superior fertilization regime for boost ing sunflower production and quality under semi arid conditions. Treatments included chemical ferti lizer (Cf) (80 kg N ha-1 and 80 kg P205 ha-1 ), manure from sheep barn manure (MSB) (5161 kg ha-1 ), ma nure from cattle barn (MCB) (4878 kg ha-1 ), liquid manure from cattle barn (LMCB) (27580 kg ha-1 ) and vermicompost (VCm) (4000 kg ha-1 ), while a control treatment was kept for comparison purpose. The randomized complete block design (RCBD) with regular arrangement was implied to execute the experiment having three replications. The results ex hibited that MSB outperformed rest of fertilization regimes for plant height and leaf number. In contrast, the maximum 1000 seed weight and seed yield were recorded by LMCB. The MCB remained unmatched for protein content, while no significant effect of fer tilization regimes was recorded for oil content. Re garding chemical composition, control exhibited the maximum palmitic and stearic acids, while MSB gave the highest arachidic acid.
Determination of The Effect of Salicylic Acid Application on Salinity Stress at Germination Stage of Bread Wheat
(Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, 2022) Yılmaz, Melikşah; Kızılgecı, Ferhat; Tazebay Asan, Nihan; Asan, Ufuk; Iqbal, Asif; Iqbal, Muhammad Aamir
Under changing climate, abiotic stresses especially salinity have posed serious threats to modern crop production systems of staple crops and chemo-priming with salicylic acid offers a promising remedy. The present study aimed at ameliorating the adverse effects of salt stress through optimization of salicylic acid (SA) for two bread wheat genotypes (DZ17-1 and Empire Plus). The trial was comprised of chemo-priming with different SA levels including 0, 0.5, and 1 mM applied to the seeds of bread wheat genotypes exposed to different salinity levels (0, 50, 100, 150, 200 mM NaCl). The response variables included germination indices, roots length, and weight along with seedling traits. The results revealed that increasing the level of salinity had a negative effect on both genotypes of wheat and all traits studied. The DZ17-7 genotype was found to be more tolerant to salt stress. Among SA concentrations, 1 mM imparted a significant influence on germination, root traits, and seedling parameters. Although SA showed positive effects in salt stress conditions in the study, further studies are needed to clarify the role of SA in providing stress tolerance of plants.
Exploring Zinc and Boron Chemo-Priming Effects on Low-Vigour Seed Germination and Seedling Establishment of Sunflower (Helianthus Annuus L.)
(2022) Kızılgeçi, Ferhat; Mokhtari, Negar Ebrahim Pour; Kızılgeçi, Ferhat; Ahmed, Raees; Iqbal, Muhammad Aamir
Poor germination and suboptimal seedling growth constitute as prime factors in lowering the achene yield and seed oil content of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.), while chemo-priming with micronutrients might serve as a biological viable strategy provided source and dose optimization are performed. A trial was executed to appraise the comparative impact of seed priming with different doses of micronutrients like boron (B) and zinc (Zn) on sunflower germination and seedling growth traits of sunflower. The experiment was comprised of six treatments of B (0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.8, 1.6, 3.20 ppm) and Zn (0, 4, 8, 12, 16 and 20 mM) each, while seed germination, root and seedling growth related traits were taken as experimental variables. The results revealed that all treatments remained ineffective regarding seed germination and seed vigour of sunflower, while B and Zn doses of 0.2 ppm and 12 mM respectively, enhanced seedling emergence rate and vigour. The Zn (8 mM) significantly improved root length along with their fresh and dry weights, while all doses of B imparted antagonistic effects on root attributes. Likewise, Zn (8 mM) remained superior for shoot length, fresh and dry weights, while higher doses of B remained contra-productive for shoot growth of sunflower.
FERTILISATION SOURCE AND DOSE OPTIMISATION BOOST YIELD OF DURUM WHEAT IN MEDITERRANEAN CLIMATIC CONDITIONS
(2021) Kızılgeçi, Ferhat; Kızılgeçi, Ferhat; Iqbal, Muhammad Aamir
Climate change, global warming, environmental pollution, greenhouse gas emissions from agricultural fields, stagnant wheat yields and reduced farm economic returns require optimisation of sources and doses of plant nutrients. A field study was conducted to evaluate wheat response to different forms of fertilisers and nitrogen (N) doses under Mediterranean conditions. The field trial was comprised of fertiliser sources, including chemical fertilisers, compost and leonardite, while different nitrogen levels (0, 80, 160, 240 kg ha-1) were also tested. The experimental variables included yield attributes (height of the, length of the spike, spikelets number per spike, thousand-grain weight and grain yield). In addition, nutritional quality attributes like protein and starch contents were studied along with NDVI values of wheat under different fertilisation regimes. The trial was executed using a randomised complete block (factorial) design using four replications. The results revealed that fertiliser forms and N doses remained ineffective for boosting yield attributes of wheat. For nutritional characteristics of wheat grains, a higher N dose remained instrumental in boosting protein, starch and wet gluten contents. Thus, 240 kg ha-1 of N dose might be recommended for general adoption under Mediterranean conditions; however, study findings are limited in scope and further in-depth studies are needed by testing organic manures from plant and animal origins.
Grain Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Spring Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.) Hybrids Under Different Nitrogen Fertilization Regimes
(Polish Society Magnesium Research, 2022) Yildirim, Mehmet; Kızılgeçi, Ferhat; Kizilgeci, Ferhat; Albayrak, Onder; Iqbal, Muhammad Aamir; Akinci, Cuma
Increasing nitrogen use efficiency in modern agriculture is important for obtaining high yields and reducing production costs and environmental pollution. Globally, price reduction and environmental concerns advocate a lower use of nitrogen (N) fertilizer for wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) crop, especially for wheat hybrids. The objective of this study was to assess combining ability at different N levels for agronomic traits and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) via diallel analysis in wheat hybrids. Four spring wheat cultivars were used to produce a 4 x 4 full diallel cross with the reciprocals. Parents of various origins and their diallel F-2-hybrids were evaluated in field under 0, 120 and 240 kg ha(-1) N doses. The results showed that there was much genotypic variance among nitrogen doses for the NUE, grain yield, agronomic and quality traits. Significant genotypic differences in the yield, protein yield, protein content and NUE were identified among hybrids. General combining ability effect of parents for the grain yield and protein content, and specific combining ability effect of hybrids for the NUE and grain yield significantly changed depending on nitrogen levels. Both genetic and reciprocal effects showed interaction with nitrogen doses in determining the NUE of wheat. Because of the reciprocal x N interaction, the hybrids' reciprocal responses to increasing nitrogen levels revealed positive or negative changes in the yield and NUE characteristics. The winner among hybrids was identified for grain yield and grain nitrogen yield (GNY) at the optimum N level according to the GGE biplot analysis. Inqualab91 x Chils was found to be desirable for selecting NUE traits.
Normalized Difference Vegetation Index and Chlorophyll Content for Precision Nitrogen Management in Durum Wheat Cultivars under Semi-Arid Conditions
(Sustainability (Switzerland), 2021) Kızılgeçi, Ferhat; Yıldırım, Mehmet; İslam, Mohammad Sohidul; Ratnasekera, Disna; Iqbal, Muhammad Aamir; Sabagh, El Ayman
To impart sustainability to modern intensive farming systems, environmental pollution caused by nitrogenous fertilizers needs to be reduced by optimizing their doses. To estimate the grain yield and nutrtional quallity of wheat, the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and chlorophyll content (SPAD) are potential screening tools to identify the N deficiency and screen out the promising cultivars. The two-year field study was comprised of five levels of nitrogen (N) (control, 50, 100, 150 and 200 kg N ha-1) and two durum wheat genotypes (Sena and Svevo). The experimental design was split-plot, in which N levels were placed in the main plots, while wheat genotypes were arranged in sub-plots. To predict the yield and quality traits, NDVI and SPAD values recorded at heading, anthesis and milky growth stages were taken as response variables. The results revealed that N fertilization significantly influenced SPAD and NDVI attributed traits of durum wheat, except NDVI at milky stage (NDVI-M) during the first year. The maximum value of NDVI was recorded by 150 kg N ha-1, while control treatment gave the minimum value. The grain yield was increased with the increasing dose of N up to 100 kg N ha-1 (4121 kg ha-1), and thereafter, it was declined with further increased N levels. However, the variation between genotypes was not significant, except NDVI and SPAD values at the milky stage. The genotype Svevo had the highest NDVI values at all growth stages, while the genotype Sena recorded the maximum SPAD values during both years. Similarly, N levels significantly influenced the quality traits (protein, wet gluten, starch test weight and Zeleny sedimentation) of both genotypes. The highly significant relationship of SPAD and NDVI with the grain yield and yield attributes showed their reliability as indicators for determining N deficiency and selection of superior wheat genotypes for ensuring food security under climate change scenario.
ORGANIC AMENDMENTS AND NANO-MICRONUTRIENTS RESTORE SOIL PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES AND BOOST WHEAT YIELD UNDER SALINE ENVIRONMENT
(FRESENIUS ENVIRONMENTAL BULLETIN, 2021) Kızılgeçi, Ferhat; Amer, Megahed Mohamed; El Hag, Dalia; Hasan, Etab Ahmed; Awad, Mahrous; Kizilgeci, Ferhat; Ozturk, Ferhat; Iqbal, Muhammad Aamir; El-Sabagh, Ayman
Ensuring food security under climate change scenario requisites amending degraded soils and sustainably boost staple crops yield in a biologically viable way through effective plant nutrition management strategies. Two multi-year lysimeter experiments were conducted to investigate the impact of soil organic substances and foliar application of some nano-nutrients on soil properties and wheat yield under saline conditions. The experiment was executed in split plot with three replications. Treatments included organic amendments (molasses, compost tea, K-humate, molasses+ compost tea, molasses+K-humate, compost tea+ K-humate and molasses+K-humate+Compost tea and control) in main plots, while sub plots had nano-micronutrients (nano-selenium, nano-manganese and nano-silica) and a control treatment. The results showed that physio-chemical properties (bulk density, cation exchange capacity, electrical conductivity etc.) of the soil were significantly influenced by all organic amendments; however, co-application of molasses+K-humate+compost tea remained unmatched. The same treatment combination also remained effective in boosting nitrogen uptake and recovery along with wheat yield during both seasons. Among foliage applied nano micronutrients, silicon remained superior by recording the highest yield attributes and grain yield of wheat. Therefore, it is inferred that co-application of organic amendments and foliage applied nano-fertilization management could be developed as an effective approach to restore and conserve the soil and increase wheat productivity under saline environment of arid and semi-arid regions.
OVERVIEWING SUPERCHARGED FOOD CROPS IN TURKIYE PERSPECTIVES: A WAY FORWARD TO FOOD SECURITY
(2022) Kızılgeçi, Ferhat; Iqbal, Muhammad Aamir
Food and nutritional insecurity, skyrocketing human populace, climate change and stagnate productivity of strategic food crops have emerged as prime challenges of this century. In order to attain UNDP sustainable goal of food security and zero hunger, there is dire need to improve the productivity and nutritional quality of food crops without immense increment in farm input utilization. The supercharged food crops (SFCs) (genetically modified plants entailing potential to grow significantly faster than conventional plants) might contribute produce greater economic yields. Numerous mechanisms such as improvement in photosynthetic efficiency, non-photochemical quenching, imparting C4 life cycle in C3 cereals and enhancing harvest index, are being put into practice for producing SFCs. An amalgamation of genetic engineering and synthetic biology approaches might produce desirable traits. However, future research efforts need to address multiple challenges such as plants traits governed by multiple genes and having little correlation with photosynthesis along with transgenic plants switching back to original physiological pathways.
SOYBEAN (Glycine max. (L.) Merrill) VEGETATIVE GROWTH PERFORMANCE UNDER CHEMICAL AND ORGANIC MANURES NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
(2021) Kızılgeçi, Ferhat; Öztürk, Ferhat; Kızılgeçi, Ferhat; Koca, Yakup Kenan; Iqbal, Muhammad Aamir; Imran, Muhammad
Optimization of fertilizers sources and doses occupies pivotal position for triggering crops growth along with reducing a halt to environmental pollu tion caused by excessive use of mineral fertilizers. This field research was conducted to determine the effect of chemical and organic fertilizers on vital vegetative growth parameters including leaf area in dex and chlorophyll content of soybean (cv. Nova).Treatments included four different sources of fertilizers manures from sheep and cattle barns, liq uid manure from cattle barn, chemical fertilizers and a control treatment was kept for comparison purpose. The chlorophyll contents of plants at different grow ing stages Beginning bloom (R1) and Beginning seed (R5) were measured using SPAD-502 and CM 1000 chlorophyll meter. The results indicated that physiological growth parameters including leaf area index and chlorophyll content of soybean differed significantly at stage R1 and R5 growth stages under varying fertilization regimes. The chemical fertiliz ers remained unmatched for recording the maximum physiological growth, while liquid manure from cat tle barn performed superiorly by exhibiting the max imum leaf area index and chlorophyll content. It is recommended to use liquid manure from cattle barn for boosting physiological growth of soybean and these research findings also necessitate evaluation of different doses of liquid cattle manure to sort out the best performing dose for soybean production under changing climate.