Browsing by Author "Kayan, Fethullah"

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Atriyal Fibrilasyonda Kanama Riski Belirleme
(2023) Kayan, Fethullah
GİRİŞ risk faktörlerinin modifikasyonu ile AF’nin ve kullanılan ilaçlarının(özellikle de antikoagülan- ların) komplikasyonlarının azaltılması önem arz etmektedir. Persistan ve Permanent AF’li olgularda eş- lik eden komorbiditelerin daha fazla olması ve yaşın daha ileri olması gibi nedenlerle, Parok- sismal AF’li olgulara göre, AF nin komplikas- yonları ve özellikle de antikoaülasyon tedavinse bağlı kanama riski daha yüksektir. AF tedavisinde, tromboembolik olayların önlenmesi için kullanılan Vitamin K Antago- nisti (VKA) ve Yeni Nesil Oral Antikoagülan- ların (YOAK) faydası; iskemik inme riskinde azalma ile major kanama olaylarındaki artma arasındaki dengeye bağlıdır. AF’nin tromboembolik riskinin önlenmesi için kullanılan oral antikoagülan tedavilere bağ- lı meydana gelebilecek kanamalar için gelişti- rilmiş olan Kanama Risk Skorlamaları; ORBİT, ATRİA, HAS-BLED, HEMORR2HAGES, ABC Skorlamalarıdır. Kullanılan bu skorlamalar ve risk grupları tablolar halinde gösterilmiştir. HAS-BLED Skoru: 0-2 puan alanlar düşük kanama risk grubunda bulunurken, HAS-BLED Atriyal Fibrilasyon (AF), dünya çapında erişkin- lerde en sık görülen aritmidir. AF, populasyon- da morbidite ve mortalitenin önemli bir nedeni olduğundan dolayı, hastalara, toplum sağlığına ve sağlık ekonomisine önemli bir yüktür. AF’ nin prevalansı, erişkinlerde yaklaşık ola- rak %2 ile %4 arasındadır. Yapılan çalışmalarda daha uzun yaşam süresi ile genel populasyonda tanı konmamış AF oranının 2,3 kat daha yüksek olduğu tahmin edilmektedir. İlerleyen yaş, AF nin önemli bir risk faktörü olmakla birlikte, Diyabetüs Mellitüs (DM), Hi- pertansiyon (HT), Kronik Böbrek Hastalığı(K- BH), Kalp Yetmezliği(KY), Koroner Arter Has- talığı (KAH), Obezite, Obstrüktif Sleep Apne Sendromu (OSAS) gibi bazı risk faktörleri de AF gelişiminde önemli rol oynar. Avrupa kökenli index yaşı 55 olanlarda, ya- şam boyu AF risk tahmini 4 kişiden 1 kişiyken, son yapılan revizyon ile 3 kişiden 1 kişi olmuş- tur. AF’ nin artan bu sayısı ile AF’ nin kendisi- ne ve kullanılan ilaçlara bağlı komplikasyonları da artmıştır. Değiştirilebilir ve kontrol edilebilir
Comparison of Diagnostic Values of Monocyte-Lymphocyte Ratio, Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio, Red Cell Distribution Width-Lymphocyte Ratio, and Systemic Inflammatory Index in Predicting Patients With Non-Dipper Hypertension
(2024) Günlü, Serhat; Kayan, Fethullah; Karahan, Mehmet Zülkif
Objective: Hypertension is related to myocardial ischemia, malignant arrhythmias, and cardiovascular mortality. However, inflammatory biomarkers are an important predictor of cardiovascular events. This study aimed to examine the diagnostic utility of inflammatory biomarkers in determining non-dipper hypertensive individuals and the relative superiority of the biomarkers. Method: The research was carried out as a retrospective observational study. The patients with hypertension were classified into two groups: non-dipper (n=54) and dipper (n=143). The cut-off value of MLR (monocyte-lymphocyte ratio), NLR (neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio), SII (systemic inflammatory index), and RLR (red cell distribution width-lymphocyte ratio) for predicting non-dipper hypertension was determined using a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Results: A total of 197 patients, comprising 84 females (42.6%) and, 113 males (57.4%) with a median age of 62 (54-69) years, participated in the research. Age, FPG, CRP, WBC, NEU, LYM, MONO, RDW, NLR, MLR, RLR, and SII were higher in the non-dipper group (p<0.05). MLR, NLR, RLR, and SII were found to have acceptable diagnostic capabilities in identifying non-dipper hypertension patients (AUC: 0.70-0.76). When ROC analysis was performed to determine the main similarities, it was found that there were no differences between inflammatory indicators (p>0.05).When the odds ratios of putative variables were evaluated, it was found that increasing MLR (OR: 7.22; 95%CI: 3.52 14.78; p<0.001), NLR (OR: 8.63; 95%CI: 4.19-17.68; p<0.001), RLR (OR: 4.29; 95%CI: 2.18-8.54; p<0.001), and SII (OR: 6.31; 95%CI: 3.09 12.85; p<0.001) were independent predictors for non-dipper positivity. Conclusion: In hypertensive patients, hematological inflammatory biomarkers MLR, NLR, RLR, and SII are valuable in determining non dipper hypertension.
Dekompanse Kalp Yetmezliği Hastalarında Başvuru Serum Kreatinin/albümin Oranı ve 1 Yıllık Mortalite ile İlişkisi
(2024) Kayan, Fethullah; Özbek, Mehmet; Arpa, Abdulkadir; Polat, Nihat; Yüksel, Murat; Işık, Mehmet Ali; Kayan, Fethullah
Amaç: Tıbbi gelişmelere rağmen kalp yetmezliği (KY) yüksek mortalite oranlarını korumaktadır. Araştırmamız, dekompensesistolik KY hastalarında serum kreatinin/albumin oranı ile bir yıllık mortalite arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemeye odaklanmaktadır. Yöntemler: Ekim 2014 ile Ekim 2015 tarihleri arasında akut sistolikdekompanse KY tanısı konmuş ve sol ventrikülejeksiyon fraksiyonu (LVEF) ≤ 40% olan 80 hasta (37 kadın) çalışmamıza dahil edildi. Hastalar, bir yıl içinde tüm nedenlere bağlı mortalite olup olmadığına göre iki gruba ayrıldı. Bulgular: 80 katılımcının 31'i (%39), birinci yıl içinde ölümle sonuçlandı. Ölen grubun ortalama yaşı 69±14 yıl olup, bunların %38,7'si (n=12) kadındı. Buna karşılık, hayatta kalan grupta ortalama yaş 66±12 yıl olup, bunların %51'i (n=25) kadındı. Mortalite yaşanan KY grubu, serum kreatinin-albümin oranı, üre ve kreatinin değerlerinde anlamlı düzeyde daha yüksek seviyeleri sergiledi ve pretibial ödem prevalansı daha yüksekti (p<0.01). Ayrıca, ölen KY grubu, LVEF, albumin seviyeleri, lenfosit sayısı, sistolik ve diyastolik kan basıncı değerlerini anlamlı derecede düşük gösterdi. İstatistiksel analiz, ölen grup (0.68±0.27) ile sağ kalan grup (0.38±0.18) arasında serum kreatinin/albumin oranı açısından anlamlı bir farklılık olduğunu gösterdi, p<0.01 idi. Serum kreatinin/albumin oranı için 0.45 kesme değeri kullanarak, KY hastalarındaki bir yıl içindeki mortaliteyi tahmin etmek için duyarlılık ve özgüllük sırasıyla %81 ve %78 idi. Sonuç: Yüksek kreatinin seviyeleri, azalmış albumin seviyeleri ve artmış kreatinin/albumin oranının birleşimi, sistolikdekompenseKY'li hastalarda bir yıllık tüm nedenlere bağlı mortaliteyi öngörmede basit, ekonomik prognostik göstergeler olarak işlev görebilir.
The Diagnostic Role Of End-Tidal CO2 To Distinguish Unstable Angina Pectoris In Patients With Chest Pain
(2023) Günlü, Serhat; Yeşil, Ahmet; Kayan, Fethullah; Karahan, Mehmet Zülkif
Objective: Unstable angina pectoris (UAP), one of the acute coronary syndrome (ACS) types, is difficult to identify from non-cardiac chest pain (non-CCP), hence various strategies are applied for accurate diagnosis. This study aims to examine whether non-invasively measured end-tidal CO2 (ETCO2) can detect UAP in patients admitted to the emergency department (ED) with chest pain in the lack of a cardiovascular history. Methods: This research was conducted as a prospective observational study. The individuals were separated into two groups based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria: 75 patients with non-CCP and 75 UAP. Analyses of receiver operating characteristics (ROC) were utilized to define the diagnostic value cutoff. Using univariate regression analysis, the odds ratio of ETCO2 (with 95%CI) was computed for UAP prediction. Results: ETCO2 levels were substantially lower in the UAP group compared to the non-CCP group (p<0.001). Analysis of the ROC curve revealed that a decreased ETCO2 <35 predicted UAP with 78% sensitivity and 89% specificity (AUC:0.81, p <0.001). In addition, the negative predictive value was 71.6%, and the positive predictive value was 79.4%. Patients with UAP were 8.84 times more likely to have ETCO2 <35 than patients with non-CCP. Conclusion: UAP may be differentiated from non-CCP by ETCO2 measured as a non-invasive parameter in patients with chest pain.
Effect of cardio-gastric interaction on atrial fibrillation in GERD patients
(2023) Günlü, Serhat; Aktan, Adem; Kayan, Fethullah; Karahan, Mehmet Zülkif; Bernas, Altıntaş; Karahan, Mehmet Zülkif
Objective: Atrial fibrillation (AF) and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) are very common in daily clinical practice. Post-prandial AF episodes have been reported in GERD patients. Although it was reported in previous studies that it was caused by sympathovagal imbalance, there are no studies on cardiac conduction system involvement. In this study, we aimed to evaluate whether the risk of developing AF increases in untreated GERD patients with non-invasive electrophysiological tests. Methods: The research was prospectively performed. Endoscopy was performed on the individuals due to reflux complaints. ECG was recorded at 25mm/s and 10 mm/mV amplitude, and 24-hour Holter ECG (three-channel; V1, V2, and V5) was performed. ECG parameters were measured and Holter ECG results were analyzed. Results: A total of 120 individuals, 60 patients and 60 controls, were included. No significant statistically differences existed between groups for hypertension, diabetes, smoking, or dyslipidemia (p>0.05). In terms of heart rate, Pmax, Pmin, QTd, and QTcd, there were no significant differences across the two groups (p>0.05). P-wave dispersion (Pd) was substantially higher in the study group (p=0.014). Comparing the heart rate variabilities of 24-hour Holter ECG recordings across the groups, the standard deviation of R-R intervals (SDNN) was substantially higher in the study group (p<0.001). Low Frequency (LF) and LF/HF were significantly higher in the control group (p<0.001 and p=0.003, respectively). AF was detected in nine individuals on Holter ECG. Conclusion: Pd duration and risk of developing AF were higher in GERD patients.
Effects of Trimetazidine on Oxidant-Antioxidant Balance and Angiogenesis; an in Vivo Experimental Study
(BMC, 2025) Kayan, Fethullah; Savas, Hasan Basri
Background We evaluated the effects of trimetazidine (TMZ) on the oxidative-antioxidative balance and angiogenesis in an in vivo experimental model. This study aims to evaluate the effects of trimetazidine on angiogenesis through histological analysis and to assess its impact on oxidative-antioxidative balance through biochemical measurements. Methods In this study, Ross 308 breed chicken eggs (n = 40) were used, and embryos were divided into four distinct groups. On the eighth day of incubation, the vascular density of the embryos was examined. Following the assessment of vascular development, 4-5 mL of albumin was collected via syringe to measure oxidative stress markers. Each group consisted of 10 embryos, with a total of 40 embryos used in the study. The groups were organized as follows: Control Group (CG), Bevacizumab Group (BC), Trimetazidine 10(-)(4) Group, and Trimetazidine 10(-)(5) Group. Results When the total oxidative capacity (TOC) levels were compared among the groups, the bevacizumab group exhibited significantly higher values than the control group (p < 0.05). In oxidative stress index (OSI) measurements, the bevacizumab group also showed significantly higher values compared to the control group (p < 0.05). In contrast, when the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) levels were compared, both the Trimetazidine 10(-)(4) and Trimetazidine 10(-)(5) groups demonstrated significantly higher values than the control group (p < 0.05). Regarding angiogenesis scoring, the bevacizumab group exhibited a significant anti-angiogenic effect compared to the control group. However, no statistically significant difference was observed between the Trimetazidine 10(-)(4) and Trimetazidine 10(-)(5) groups and the control group (p > 0.05). Conclusion Trimetazidine demonstrated significant antioxidant activity in an in vivo Chorioallantoic Membrane (CAM) model at both 10(-)(4) M and 10(-)(5) M concentrations. However, no positive or negative effects on angiogenesis were detected. We believe that the real-time observation of angiogenesis in our study provided significant value to our research.
Evaluation of Frontal QRS-T Angle in Patients with Coronary Artery Ectasia
(Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia, 2023) Karahan, Mehmet Zülkif; Aktan, Adem; Kayan, Fethullah; Günlü, Serhat; Günlü, Serhat
Background: Coronary artery ectasia (CAE) is defined by focal enlargement of the coronary artery exceeding 1.5 times the adjacent normal segment. CAE can often cause arrhythmias, heart failure, sudden death, and myocardial ischemia. Ischemia due to microvascular dysfunction may be responsible for the ventricular heterogeneity in CAE. Objectives: The aim of our study was to evaluate the frontal QRS-T angle in patients with CAE. Methods: Our study included 55 patients with CAE and 50 individuals in the control group. Demographic characteristics and electrocardiographic parameters were compared between the two groups. Categorical variables were compared using the chi-square test. Continuous variables were compared using unpaired Student’s t-test. P values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. The frontal QRS-T angle was calculated from 12-lead electrocardiograms (ECGs) using the automatic report from the electrocardiography machine. Results: The average age of patients with CAE was 63.2 ± 3.4 years, with 18 women among them. The control group had an average age of 61.1 ± 3.2 years, with 28 women included. There was no significant difference in demographic parameters between the two groups. Compared to the control group, patients with CAE had significantly wider frontal QRS-T angle (p < 0.001), as well as longer QTmax duration, p = 0.002; Tp-Te interval, p = 0.02; and QT dispersion (QTd), p = 0.04. Conclusion: The frontal QRS-T angle can be calculated easily and time-efficiently using surface electrocardiography. In this study, we showed for the first time that the frontal QRS-T angle was significantly increased in patients with CAE
Evaluation of Frontal QRS-T Angle in Patients with Coronary Artery Ectasia
(Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia – SBC, 2023) Günlü, Serhat; Karahan, Mehmet Zülkif; Aktan, Adem; Kayan, Fethullah; Günlü, Serhat
Background: Coronary artery ectasia (CAE) is defined by focal enlargement of the coronary artery exceeding 1.5 times the adjacent normal segment. CAE can often cause arrhythmias, heart failure, sudden death, and myocardial ischemia. Ischemia due to microvascular dysfunction may be responsible for the ventricular heterogeneity in CAE. Objectives: The aim of our study was to evaluate the frontal QRS-T angle in patients with CAE. Methods: Our study included 55 patients with CAE and 50 individuals in the control group. Demographic characteristics and electrocardiographic parameters were compared between the two groups. Categorical variables were compared using the chi-square test. Continuous variables were compared using unpaired Student’s t-test. P values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. The frontal QRS-T angle was calculated from 12-lead electrocardiograms (ECGs) using the automatic report from the electrocardiography machine. Results: The average age of patients with CAE was 63.2 ± 3.4 years, with 18 women among them. The control group had an average age of 61.1 ± 3.2 years, with 28 women included. There was no significant difference in demographic parameters between the two groups. Compared to the control group, patients with CAE had significantly wider frontal QRS-T angle (p < 0.001), as well as longer QTmax duration, p = 0.002; Tp-Te interval, p = 0.02; and QT dispersion (QTd), p = 0.04. Conclusion: The frontal QRS-T angle can be calculated easily and time-efficiently using surface electrocardiography. In this study, we showed for the first time that the frontal QRS-T angle was significantly increased in patients with CAE.
Evaluation of Right Ventricular Global Longitudinal Strain in Covid-19 Patients After Intensive Care Unit Discharge
(Galenos Publishing House, 2023) Günlü, Serhat; Aktan, Adem; Günlü, S.; Arpa, A.; Kılıç, Raif; Aktan, A.; Güzel, T.; Kayan, Fethullah; Kılıç, R.; Kayan, F.; Karahan, M.Z.
Background and Aim: Using two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography (2D-STE), the ventricular functions of hospitalized coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) patients were assessed. However, there is limited information about cardiac functions in the first year after recovery from the intensive care unit (ICU). This research aims to assess the right ventricular functions of COVID-19 patients and their changes within the first year after ICU discharge using 2D-STE. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted prospectively. The study included 68 consecutive patients and 70 control patients. Echocardiography was performed in the ICU and the first year after discharge from the hospital. Right ventricular global longitudinal strain (RVGLS) was measured using the 2D-STE method. Results: The mean age of the study group was 48.67±8.10 and 37 (54.4%) patients were males. There were no substantial differences across the groups, including age, gender, body mass index, heart rate, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and smoking (P > 0.05). A substantially significant positive correlation was detected between right ventricular dimension (RAD) (r = 0.644, P < 0.001), right ventricular diastolic dimension (RVDD) (r = 0.573, P < 0.001), ferritin (r = 0.454, P < 0.001), D-dimer (r = 0.305, P = 0.011) values and RVGLS in the in-hospital and after-discharge first-year groups. The RVGLS values of the control, in-hospital, and after-discharge first-year groups were -20.36±3.06, -16.98±3.78, and -17.58±6.45, indicating a statistically significant difference across the groups (P < 0.001). Tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion was higher in the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: RVGLS was found to be depressed during the in-hospital period and showed no improvement in the 1 year post discharge. © Copyright 2023 by the Cardiovascular Academy Society / International Journal of the Cardiovascular Academy published by Galenos Publishing House.
Kardiyovasküler Hastalık Yüksek Riskine Sahip Bireylerde Lipit Düşürücü İlaçların Etkinliği
(2024) Kayan, Fethullah; Günlü, Serhat
Amaç: Lipid düşürücü tedavinin optimal yönetimi, ikincil koruma altındaki hastalarda kardiyovasküler (KV) riskin azaltılmasında kritik bir rol oynamaktadır. Yüksek doz statinler, ezetimib ve nispeten yeni PCSK9 inhibitörleri (PCSK9i), bu hastalarda LDL kolesterol (LDL-K) tedavi hedeflerine ulaşmada etkinlik göstermiştir. Ancak, etkinliklerini destekleyen önemli kanıtlara rağmen, bu müdahaleler özellikle düşük hasta uyum düzeyleri nedeniyle önemli ölçüde yeterince kullanılmamaktadır. Dahası, kolesterol düşürücü tedavinin genel etkinliği ve ikincil koruma hastalarının düzenli bir lipid profili elde etme oranı hakkında sınırlı veri bulunmaktadır. Bu nedenle bu çalışmanın temel amacı, bu hasta grubundaki lipid düşürücü tedavi durumunu değerlendirmekti. Yöntemler: Çalışma, kardiyovasküler hastalık ikincil koruma geçmişi olan hastalara odaklanarak, Nisan 2021 ile Mart 2023 tarihleri arasında Mardin Artuklu Üniversitesi, Mardin Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi’nde yapıldı. Çalışmada, reçetelenen kolesterol düşürücü ilaçlar, statin kullanımının yetersizliğine katkıda bulunan faktörler ve lipid profilinin açıklanması incelendi. Bulgular: 872 hasta çalışmaya dahil edildi. Hastaların %86,8'i statin (statin ile birlikte %5,2'si ezetimib ve %3,4'ü fibrat) kullanırken, %13,2'si herhangi bir lipid düşürücü tedavi almadı. Statin kullananların %64'ü yüksek dozda ilaç alıyordu. LDL-K değerleri 452 hastada değerlendirildi ve sadece %30'u önerilen 70 mg/dL altında bulunmaktaydı. Sonuç: İkincil korunma hastalarının yer aldığı bu araştırmada, katılımcıların yarısından biraz fazlası yüksek doz statin alırken, ihmal edilebilir bir oran ezetimib tedavisi almıştır. Endişe verici bir şekilde, hastaların üçte ikisinden fazlası, LDL-K değerleri terapötik aralıktan önemli ölçüde sapma gösterdi ve bu durum, lipid profilleri ile klinik kılavuzlar tarafından önerilen değerler arasında önemli bir boşluk olduğunu göstermektedir.
Kardiyovasküler Hastalıklarda Beslenme
(2023) Kayan, Fethullah; Karahan, Mehmet Zülkif
Bölüm 20 - Kardiyovasküler Hastalıklarda Beslenme ............................................................ 399 Fethullah Kayan - M. Zülkif Karahan 1. Genel Bakış ........................................................................................................................ 400 2. Besinler .............................................................................................................................. 403 3. Gıdalar ............................................................................................................................... 405 xv 4. Hipertansiyon ve Beslenme................................................................................................ 408 5. Obezite-Diyabetüs Mellitüs ve Beslenme ........................................................................... 409 6. Kalp Yetmezliği ve Beslenme.............................................................................................. 410 7. Koroner Arter Hastalığı ve Beslenme .................................................................................. 411 Kaynaklar................................................................................................................................... 413
Local Against General Anesthesia For Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement
(Bandırma Onyedi Eylül Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, 2023) Günlü, Serhat; Kayan, Fethullah; Aktan, Adem; Karahan, Mehmet Zülkif; Tanırcan, Muhammed Raşid; Karahan, Mehmet Zülkif
Background/Aims: Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) poses significant challenges concerning anesthesia management. There is no consensus on the type of safer anesthesia for TAVR procedures. We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of TAVR performed with trans-femoral approach under local anesthesia with sedation (LAS) against general anesthesia (GA). Methods: This observational and retrospective analysis included individuals who were admitted on a planned basis from 2016 to 2022 and underwent Transfemoral TAVR. Effectiveness and safety outcomes were evaluated at 30 days. İndividuals were separated into two groups: GA and LAS. Demographic characteristics and procedural data were recorded during hospitalization. Results: 115 patients were included, of whom 62 (53.9%) received LAS and 53 received GA (46.1%). 59 female (48.8%) patients with a mean age of 83.2±5.7 participated in the study. Successful TAVR procedure was performed in 100 (86.9%) of 115 patients with the transfemoral approach. The mean procedure time was 136.7±46.7 minutes, and the procedure time was shorter in patients who underwent LAS against GA (p=0.001). There were no differences among the groups including fluoroscopy time, contrast, and radiation dose (p>0.05). In 2 patients (3.2%), significant vascular complications necessitated immediate surgical intervention, necessitating a change in the anesthesia technique. Overall 30-day mortality was 5.2%, with no significant differences among the groups (GA 7.5% vs. LAS 3.2%, p =0.28). GA had substantially longer ICU and total hospitalization stays than LAS (p=0.009 and p =0.004, respectively). Conclusions: In our study, TAVR via the transfemoral route using LAS was an alternative for GA.
METABOLİK SENDROM VE KARDİYO-ELEKTROFİZYOLOJİK DENGE
(2023) Kayan, Fethullah
Amaç: Kardiyovasküler morbidite ve ölüm, metabolik sendromun daha yüksek prevalansıyla ilişkilidir. Kardiyak elektrofizyolojik denge indeksi (iCE), QT aralığı/QRS süresi olarak tanımlanır ve yükselmiş Tp-e/QT oranı kötücül ventriküler aritmilere ilişkin öngörücüdür. Bu araştırmanın amacı, metabolik sendrom (MS) ile iCE ve Tp-e/QT oranı arasındaki ilişkiyi belirlemektir. Yöntem: Bu araştırma, 40 ila 70 yaş arasındaki 90 hastadan oluşmaktadır ve iki gruba ayrılmıştır: metabolik sendromlu 45 hasta (21 erkek, ortalama yaş 58.7±1.4 yıl) ve kontrol grubu (24 erkek, ortalama yaş 55.1±2.3 yıl). Tüm hastalara standart 12 derivasyonlu elektrokardiyogram kaydı yapıldı. Tp-e aralığı, QT aralığı, QRS süresi, Tp-e/QT oranı ve QT/QRS oranı belirlendi. Sonuçlar: İki grup arasında temel özellikler açısından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir farklılık bulunmadı (Tablo 1).
Mİ YOK A RDİT
(2023) Kayan, Fethullah
GİRİŞ Miyokardit, öncelikle çocukları ve genç yetişkin- leri etkileyen, nadir görülen, potansiyel olarak ölümcül ve genellikle yetersiz teşhis edilen bir kalp yetmezliği nedenidir. Akut miyokardit insidansı küresel olarak yılda yaklaşık 1,5 milyon vaka olarak tahmin edilmek- tedir (1). Miyokardit, asemptomatik olabileceği gibi kalp nakli gerektirebilecek kadar ileri derecede kalp yetmezliğine neden olabilen çok geniş bir klinik yelpazeye sahiptir. Bu sebeple miyokardit, klinik prezentasyonunun heterojenliği nedeniyle zor bir tanıdır. Miyokarditin kalp yetmezliği (Heart Failu- re-HF) nedeni olarak katkısı, yaşa ve bölgeye göre yaklaşık olarak % 0.5 ila % 4.0 arasında değişir (2). Açıklanamayan non-iskemik dilate kardiyomi- yopatisi (DKM) olan yetişkin hastaların %9-16’sın- dan sorumlu olduğu düşünülmektedir. (3) The Global Burden of Disease çalışmasına göre, 1990 ile 2013 yılları arasında hastaneden taburcu olma belgelerindeki Uluslararası Hasta- lık Sınıflandırması (ICD) kodlarına dayalı olarak Fethullah KAYAN 1 100.000 hasta başına 22 miyokardit vakası in- sidansı bildirmiştir.(4) Hastaların yaklaşık üçte ikisi erkekti ve ortalama yaş erkeklerde 33, kadın- larda 46’dır. Hafif semptomlar ve minimal ventriküler disfonksiyonla başvuran hastalarda miyokardit genellikle özel tedavi olmaksızın spontan olarak iyileşir.(5)
Non-ST Yükselmeli Miyokard Enfarktüsü Sonrası Ticagrelor Kullanan Bir Hastada Semptomsuz Derin Trombositopeni: Bir Vaka Raporu
(2023) Kayan, Fethullah
Giriş: Ticagrelor, trombosit P2Y12 reseptörünü etkin bir şekilde inhibe eden güçlü bir oral ilaçtır (1) ve trombosit aktivasyonunun merkezi bir amplifikasyon yolunu hem doğrudan hem de aktif bir metabolit aracılığıyla engeller (2). İlaç, günde iki kez verildiğinde dolaşımda tutarlı bir şekilde hızlı başlangıç ve sonlanışa sahip anti-trombosit etkisi gösterir (3). Ticagrelor, geri döndürülebilir özelliklere sahiptir, ters agonist özelliklere sahiptir ve anti-trombotik, anti- enflamatuar ve damar genişletici özelliklere katkı sağlayan pleiotropik etkiler sergiler (4). Vaka Sunumu: 45 yaşında erkek hasta, göğüs ağrısı şikayeti ile acil servise başvurdu. Troponin pozitifliği saptandıktan sonra Non-ST Yükselmeli Miyokard Enfarktüsü (NSTEMI) tanısı ile koroner yoğun bakım ünitesine yatırıldı. Hastaya, 2 (180 mg) ticagrelor tablet, 300 mg asetilsalisilik asit (ASA) tablet ve 10.000 ünite Unfraksiyone Heparin (UFH) i.v. olarak verildi. Hasta acil servise gelişinde yapılan kan testlerinde trombosit değerinin 225.000 olduğu görüldü. Hastaya Doppler ekokardiyografi uygulandı; Ejeksiyon fraksiyonu (EF) %50, segmenter duvar hareket bozukluğu, sol ventrikül hipertrofisi (LVH), sol ventrikül diyastolik disfonksiyonu (LVDD) saptandı. Sol radial arterden yapılan koroner anjiyografi ile LAD-D1 seviyesinde %99 darlığa stent implante edildi (Şekil 1). Revaskülarizasyon sonrası hastaya ASA 100 mg tb 1x1, tikagrelor 90 mg tb 2x1, atorvastatin 40 mg tb 1x1, metoprolol 50 mg tb 1x1 tedavisine devam edildi. Hastanın 3 günlük hastane takibinde trombosit değerlerinin normal olduğu görüldü. Taburculukta hasta mevcut ilaçları reçete edilerek taburcu edildi. Yaklaşık 1 hafta sonra kontrol amaçlı polikliniğe başvuran hastanın yapılan rutin tetkiklerinde trombosit sayısı 38.000 olarak görüldü. Bir gün sonra kontrol amaçlı tekrar trombosit değeri görüldü ve trombosit sayısı 36.000 görüldü. Hastanın PKG sonrası, hastane yatışında ve taburculuğunda Fraksiyone Olmayan Heparin (UFH) veya Düşük molekül ağırlıklı heparin (LMWH) almadığı göz önüne alındığında trombositopeninin heparine bağlı trombositopeni olmadığı düşünüldü. Nitekim hastanın yapılan periferik kan yaymalarında şistosit ve mikroanjiopatik hemoliz düşündüren diğer anormalliklere rastlanmadı (Şekil 2.) Hastada trombositopeniye neden olacak başka bir hastalık veya durum bulunmadığından hastanın tikagreloru kesildi ve klopidogrel 75 mg tb 1x1 başlandı. Hastanın hastaneye kabülünden, taburculuk sonrası kontrolüne kadar olan hematolojik parametreleri tablo 1’ de gösterilmiştir. Hastanın altı (6) gün sonra ölçülen trombosit sayısının (174.000) normale döndüğü görüldü.
The predictive effect of shock index on mortality in patients with acute heart failure
(AME Publishing, 2023) Günlü, Serhat; Kayan, Fethullah; Karahan, Mehmet Zülkif
Background: The predictive usefulness of the shock index (SI), which is determined as a proportion of heart rate (HR) to systolic blood pressure (SBP), and age-adjusted SI (SI × age) for clinical outcomes other than mortality in acute heart failure (AHF) is not well established. This research aimed to examine whether SI and SI × age measured non-invasively at a patient’s bedside can identify mortality risk in patients admitted to the coronary care unit (CCU) with AHF. Methods: This research was carried out as a retrospective case-control study. Indices were calculated. The receiving operating characteristic (ROC) and Youden index were applied to calculate the optimal SI and SI × age cut-off for estimating mortality. Using multivariate analysis to determine independent indicators of mortality in patients with AHF. Results: A total of 1,468 patients who were hospitalized at the CCU with AHF were included. The population’s median age was 81 (73–91) years and 53.7% were male. In the survivor group, the median SI was 0.6 (0.5–0.75), and the median SI × age was 46 (38–58). In the non-survivor group, the median SI was 0.62 (0.55–0.81) and the median SI × age was 53 (44–66). According to the Youden index, the best value of SI was 0.56 with a specificity of 46% and a sensitivity of 70%, and the best value of SI × age was 44.8 with a specificity of 48% and a sensitivity of 76%. In the multivariate analysis, the power of SI × age to predict mortality was 2.39 times greater than other independent predictors. Conclusions: SI and SI × age calculated in the CCU may be valuable prognostic markers for identifying AHF patients at high risk for adverse outcomes.
The prognostic value of ORBIT risk score in predicting major bleeding in patients with acute coronary syndrome
(ELSEVIER, 2023) Günlü, Serhat; Kayan, Fethullah; Kılıç, Raif; Aktan, Adem; Kılıç, Raif; Aktan, Adem; Bernas, Altıntaş; Karahan, Mehmet Zülkif
Background: The most significant adverse effect of antithrombotic medication in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is major bleeding, which is related to increased mortality. Studies on ORBIT risk score in predicting major bleeding in ACS patients are limited. Objective: This research aimed to examine whether the ORBIT score calculated at the bedside can identify major bleeding risk in patients with ACS. Methods: This research was retrospective, observational, and conducted at a single center. Analyses of receiver operating characteristics (ROC) were utilized to define the diagnostic value of CRUSADE and ORBIT scores. The predictive performances of the two scores were compared using DeLong's method. Discrimination and reclassification performances were evaluated by the integrated discrimination improvement (IDI), and net reclassification improvement (NRI). Results: The study included 771 patients with ACS. The mean age was 68.7 ± 8.6 years, with 35.3 % females. 31 patients had major bleeding. Twenty-three of these patients were BARC 3 A, five were BARC 3 B, and three were BARC 3 C. Bleeding history [OR (95 % CI), 2.46 (1.02–5.94), p = 0.021], hemoglobin levels [OR (95 % CI), 0.54 (0.45–0.63), p < 0.001], and age > 74 years [OR (95 % CI), 1.03 (1.01–1.06), p = 0.039] were independent predictors of major bleeding. The ORBIT score was an independent predictor of major bleeding in the multivariate analysis: continuous variables [OR (95 % CI), 2.53 (2.61–3.95), p < 0.001] and risk categories [OR (95 % CI), 3.06 (1.69–5.52), p < 0.001]. Comparison of c-indexes for major bleeding events revealed a non-significant difference for the discriminative ability of the two tested scores (p = 0.07) with a continuous NRI of 6.6 % (p = 0.026) and an IDI of 4.2 % (p < 0.001). Conclusion: In ACS patients, the ORBIT score independently predicted major bleeding.
The prognostic value of ORBIT risk score in predicting major bleeding in patients with acute coronary syndrome
(ScienceDirect, 2023) Günlü, Serhat; Kayan, Fethullah; Kılıç, Raif; Aktan, Adem; Kılıç, Raif; Aktan, Adem; Altintaş, Bernas; Karahan, Mehmet Zülkif
Background: The most significant adverse effect of antithrombotic medication in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is major bleeding, which is related to increased mortality. Studies on ORBIT risk score in predicting major bleeding in ACS patients are limited. Objective: This research aimed to examine whether the ORBIT score calculated at the bedside can identify major bleeding risk in patients with ACS. Methods: This research was retrospective, observational, and conducted at a single center. Analyses of receiver operating characteristics (ROC) were utilized to define the diagnostic value of CRUSADE and ORBIT scores. The predictive performances of the two scores were compared using DeLong's method. Discrimination and reclassification performances were evaluated by the integrated discrimination improvement (IDI), and net reclassification improvement (NRI). Results: The study included 771 patients with ACS. The mean age was 68.7 ± 8.6 years, with 35.3 % females. 31 patients had major bleeding. Twenty-three of these patients were BARC 3 A, five were BARC 3 B, and three were BARC 3 C. Bleeding history [OR (95 % CI), 2.46 (1.02-5.94), p = 0.021], hemoglobin levels [OR (95 % CI), 0.54 (0.45-0.63), p < 0.001], and age > 74 years [OR (95 % CI), 1.03 (1.01-1.06), p = 0.039] were independent predictors of major bleeding. The ORBIT score was an independent predictor of major bleeding in the multivariate analysis: continuous variables [OR (95 % CI), 2.53 (2.61-3.95), p < 0.001] and risk categories [OR (95 % CI), 3.06 (1.69-5.52), p < 0.001]. Comparison of c-indexes for major bleeding events revealed a non-significant difference for the discriminative ability of the two tested scores (p = 0.07) with a continuous NRI of 6.6 % (p = 0.026) and an IDI of 4.2 % (p < 0.001). Conclusion: In ACS patients, the ORBIT score independently predicted major bleeding.
Relationship between premature ventricular contractions and cognitive functions
(2023) Günlü, Serhat; Aktan, Adem; Kayan, Fethullah; Karahan, Mehmet Zülkif; Aktan, Adem; Kayan, Fethullah; Karahan, Mehmet Zülkif
Objective: Arrhythmias impair cerebral blood flow. Cognitive impairment (CI) caused by cerebral hypoperfusion may be aggravated by premature ventricular contractions (PVCs). We aimed to study the relationship between PVC counts on 24-hour ambulatory ECG monitoring (Holter) and cognitive impairment. Methods: A total of 340 individuals, comprising 244 patients and 96 healthy controls were enrolled in the research. All patients had routine blood testing conducted. ECG was conducted. Each subject had a 24- hour Holter ECG performed. ECG parameters and Holter ECG were analyzed. The minimal mental state examination (mini-MSE) test was administered, a validated global cognitive evaluation for detecting CI. Results: The mean age of the study group was 44.84±12.89 years and the 44.56±13.58 years control group. There was no appreciable difference among the groups for hematological and biochemistry blood tests (p>0.05). There was a significant difference between the PVC frequency groups (minimal, occasional, and frequent) and the control group in terms of mini-MSE components (except copying, p=0.145) (p<0.001). There was a significant negative correlation between orientation, registration, attention and calculation, recall, and language from mini-MSE components and both ECG parameters and HRV (except RMSSD and LF/HF) (p<0.001). There was a substantial correlation between LF/HF and language (p<0.05). A significant negative correlation was between copying with QTcd and TpTe/QTc (r = -,139, p<0.05 and r = -150, p<0.001). In univariate and multivariate analysis, there was no statistically significant predictive factor of mini-MSE scores (p>0.05). Conclusion: This study revealed that global cognitive functions decreased as the frequency of PVC increased, especially in orientation and language scores of the mini-MSE.