Browsing by Author "Kendal, E."

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AMMI Model to Assess Durum Wheat Genotypes in Multi-Environment Trials
(JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, 2018) Tekdal, S; Kendal, E.
The goal of this research was to assess the stability and yield performance of 150 durum wheat genotypes in multi-environment trials in two locations (Diyarbakir and Kiziltepe), in 2011-2012, and 2012-2013 growing seasons. The trials were designed by Lattice Experimental Design with two replications (incomplete block design). The AMMI (Additive Main Effects and Multiplicative Interaction) and GEI (GenotypexEnvironment Interaction) analysis were used in the study to estimate GEI effects on grain yield, because of plant breeders' great interest in these models for breeding programs. AMMI evaluation indicated that genotypes made the most important contributions to treatments Sum of Squares (59.8%), environments (3.5%), and GEI (36.7%), respectively, suggesting that grain yield had been affected by environment. IPCA 1 and IPCA 2 axes (Principal Component) were significant as P< 0.01 and explained 63.8 and 36.2%, respectively. Results showed that Kiziltepe 2013 was more stable and high yielding, meanwhile Diyarbakir 2012 and Diyarbakir 2013 environments were unstable and low yielding. According to stability variance, usually the province lines were more productive and stable than some old cultivars and many landraces/genotypes. Moreover, genotype G24 was more effective in all environments. The GEI model according to AMMI analysis suggested that this genotype can be considered as a candidate, due to extensive adaptability and high performances in all environments.
Identify of Macro and Trace Elements in Grain of Some Barley Varieties and Interpretation Zwith Biplot Technique
(University of Montenegro, 2021) Düzgün, M.; Kendal, E.; Zahir Düz, M.; Hatipoğlu, A.
The purpose of this study was to determine the content of some macro and trace elements in grain of spring barley cultivars, and to state the relationships between those elements. In this study macro and trace elements (Ca, K, Mg, Fe, Zn, Mn, Si, Sn, Cu, Cr, Cd, Ni, V, Pb, As and Se) of barley cultivars were determined by inductively coupled plasma optic emission spektometry (ICP-OES) using grain. The grain samples were digested by microwave system, as well as. As and Se were determined by hydride system. The result of study showed that the content Si of barley cultivars are quite high, however, the concentrations toxic heavy metals of Cd, Pb and as were determined to be below the limit values. The biplot indicated that three group occurred among macro and trace element and the correlation of Zn with Sn, Cr with Ca and Fe, Ca with Fe and Pb was significant and positively, while V with Si was significant and negatively. On the other hand, the study showed that Samyeli is the best cultivar based on macro and trace element concentrations and this variety can be used in animal husbandry. © 2021, University of Montenegro. All rights reserved.
Investigating the Quality of Durum Wheat Landraces and Determination of Parents To Use in Breeding Programs
(Corvinus Univ Budapest, 2019) Kendal, E.; Eren, A.; Dogan, Y.; Oral, E.; Koyuncu, M.; Doğan, Yusuf
The study was conducted to evaluate the quality of durum wheat grain. For this reason, genetic resources are crucial for the identification of parents and the enrichment of the gene pool that can be used in the development of new varieties for better nutrition of people. For this purpose, 131 populations of landraces, 9 promising line and 5 new varieties were used. The experiment was set up in randomized blocks with 7 replications, according to the augmented (increased) experimental design in 2015-2016 growing season. In the study, we examined total nitrogen content, protein ratio, CIE (Commission Internationale Eclairage) wheat color analysis (L* brightness, b* jaundice, a* redness) of 145 genotypes of durum wheat seeds. According to analysis of variance, highly significant differences (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01) were determined for total nitrogen, protein content and CIE L* value, while differences were not significant for b* value and a* value. The superiority of the genotypes was determined by the first two principal components (IPC1 (principle component) and IPC2) in order to create a two-dimensional GT biplot. The sum squares of the first two components were accounted by 45.34% (PC1) and 40.03% (PC2) for genotypes. The GT (genotype x trait) biplot indicated that 9 (nine) sectors occurred among genotypes and quality parameters. On the other hand, three groups occurred among the quality parameters based on the genotypes. The scatter plot demonstrated that there is a high correlation between b* jaundice, and a* redness. The results showed that cultivars and more landraces have general adaptability for all quality parameters, while some genotypes (G79, G78), (G22, G102), (G3) and (G121, G5) showed specific adaptation for N (nitrogen), PC (protein content) and L*, a* and b* values, respectively. According to the biplot techniques, G36 came forward with the N, P and a* value and desirable landraces, G5 for b* value, G30 stable line for all quality parameters, while (G128, G61) and the majority of promising lines (L4, L6) did not come forward with any quality parameters. The results of the study indicated that the majority of landraces can be used as parents to improve the quality of durum wheat varieties. The study indicated that GT biplot can be used to evaluate the genotypes graphically to select the best genotypes for parents to use in breeding programs.
INVESTIGATION OF GENOTYPES BY ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION USING GGE BIPLOT ANALYSIS IN BARLEY
(SCIBULCOM LTD, 2016) Kendal, E.; Aktas, H.
The aim of this study was to examine the effects of genotype x environment interaction (GET) on grain yield, components, and quality characteristics using genotype. main effect (G) and genotype x environment interaction by GGE biplot analysis. We observed significant differences among genotypes in grain yield, yield components, and quality traits; the relationships between yield components were used to identify three groups. The GGE biplot indicated that E4 (Diyarbakir 2009/10), E5 (Hani 2010/11) and E6 (Diyarbakir 2010/11) were ideal environments for all traits, and E4 was a highly efficient model for grain yield. The biplot analysis showed that genotype 1 (G1) was the best genotype in terms of yield and other components, and G11 was efficient for quality parameters only; thus, these two genotypes can be recommended to release in barley breeding program. Consequently, the study showed that biplot analyses is a good analysis method and will be used to make specific selection for multi-factorial studies and specific conditions.
Relationship Between Chlorophyll and Other Features in Durum Wheat (triticum Turgidum L. Var. Durum) Using Spad and Biplot Analyses
(Tarbiat Modares University, 2015) Kendal, E.
The aim of this study was to evaluate Genotype×Environment Interaction (GEI) of chlorophyll meter readings (SPAD) of ten durum wheat cultivars, using data obtained from multi-environment trials during two years, at eight locations. Stability and genotypic superiority for SPAD reading was identified using ANOVA and GGE biplot analysis. Furthermore, the interrelationships among SPAD reading and other yield components and cultivars-by-traits, environment-by-traits, and cultivars-by-environment were studied using scatter, ranking, and comparison of biplot techniques. Substantial variations were found among SPAD reading, yield components, and quality criteria as related to each other, environment, and cultivars. There were positive correlations among SPAD reading with GY, some quality criteria [Protein Content (PC); Wet Gluten (WG), Vitreous Kernels (VIT)], and yield components [stalks m-2 (SS); ear m-2 (ES); Plant Height (PH), Length of Spike (LS)], while Maturation Time (MT) had negative correlation with SPAD. Also, there was relationship among SPAD and SC (Semolina Color) and SDS (Mini Sedimentation) with obtuse angles (< 900), but the correlation was not significant. The GGE biplot indicated that Kızıltepe environment (E6) and Eyyubi cultivar (G3) were the best in terms of SPAD reading. The GGE biplot provided useful information for experimentation of SPAD readings of cultivars when grown under multienvironment. Moreover, SPAD should be considered as the preferred tool, when the breeder is looking for the best and useful tool to determine flag leaf chlorophyll content. © 2015, Tarbiat Modares University. All rights reserved.
The Stability of Some Spring Triticale Genotypes Using Biplot Analysis
(Pakistan Agricultural Scientists Forum, 2016) Kendal, E.; Sayar, M.S.
This research examined the adaptability of triticale genotypes in three sub-regions of Southeastern Anatolia that represent distinct agro ecological zones. The study was conducted using a total of 25 genotypes, including 20 advanced lines, three triticale varieties, one durum wheat variety, and one bread wheat variety. Yield and crop quality traits for these genotypes were assessed at four locations over the 2010–2011 growing season. The stability and superiority of genotypes were assessed in terms of crop traits including grain yield, yield components, and crop quality parameters using GGE biplot analysis. Three study locations showed distinct traits: Diyarbakir was found to be the most suitable overall location with a high stability value, Kızıltepe showed high grain yield, and Mardin showed superior crop quality traits. However, when all crop traits were analyzed with respect to location, crop quality parameters formed the first group, plant height (PH) and grain yield (GY) formed the second group, and heading time (HT) formed a third group. When the parameters were analyzed for genotypes, three different groups were formed, in which grain yield and thousand-grain weight (TGW) formed the first group, protein content (PC) and test weight (TW) formed the second group, HT and PH formed the third group. Consequently, the Sarıçanak 98 (durum wheat) and Nurkent (bread wheat), which are referred to as standard varieties in this study, as well as genotype lines 3, 7, 12, 13, 16, and 21 were considered suitable for cultivation in Southeastern Anatolia, whereas the remaining genotypes were below average with respect to overall performance. Furthermore, we found that the GGE biplot method generated highly useful results with high visual quality. © 2016, Pakistan Agricultural Scientists Forum. All rights reserved.