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Antropoloji Bölümü

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Browsing Antropoloji Bölümü by Journal "9th Conferences of Young in Archaeological Investigation (JIA)"

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    Conference Object
    Social zooarchaeology of marine remains from Marmaray-Yenikapi excavation: Examining the aquatic resources exploitation in Constantinople
    (2016) Sıddıq, Abu Bakar; Özkan, Ermiş; Onar, Vedat
    Located between Marmara Sea and Black Sea, Constantinople was the centre of international trade during its reign. Byzantines developed one of the strongest navies in that time exploiting these water bodies. Testimonies of both Byzantium and foreign visitors show that marine resources had a great significance in Byzantine life. Fishing constituted one of the most important sources of income in the capital with the blessing of Bosporus Strait and Golden-Horn. Byzantines also developed various fishing methods. They were also well aware about the high nutritional value of fish and other aquatic resources. A large number of evidences related to aquatic activities have been unearthed by Yenikapı and Marmaray excavation. Profound amount of artefacts, more than 30 shipwrecks and faunal remains of various marine species are notable of them. Marine species from this site includes tuna fish (Thunnus thynnus L.), swordfish (Xiphias gladius L.), catfish (Clarias sp.), sharks (Carcharhinidae sp.), sea breams (Sparidae sp.), dolphins (Delphinidae sp.), sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L.), gilthead breams (Sparusaurata L.), mackerels (Scomber sp.), bonitos (Sarda sp.), crabs (Crustacea sp.), sea turtles (Cheloniidae sp.) and a great number of shells (Mollusc sp.) etc. Some marine species found in Yenikapı were seldom affordable to common citizens in Constantinople. Drilling, chopping and slaughter marks strongly suggest their use for gastronomic treats by elites. Besides, many of them were also used in decorative accessories, luxury materials and exotic shows. Known as “Langa Bostanlari” in Ottoman period, Yenikapı was the ‘Theodosius harbour’ in Byzantine capital. Being a very significant international trade centre and one of the major ports in Empire, remains of different aquatic activities, especially the marine species from this site examines previous Byzantine testimonies as well as shows new aspects about the marine food consumption and social utilization of aquatic resources in Constantinople.
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    Transition of human-animal interaction in the Late Pleistocene-Early Holocene of Central Anatolia: Aspects in faunal remains of three prominent Epi-Palaeolithic and Early Neolithic settlements
    (2016) Sıddıq, Abu Bakar
    The Late Pleistocene - Early Holocene is considered to be the transitional phase of a new formation of human-environment interaction in Anatolia and the Near East that eventually changed the planet Earth. Human first started to domesticate animals in a region between the Levant and Central Anatolia. In contrast of most other areas, the Anatolian Plateau has environmental characteristics that hosted wild ancestors of the earliest domestic species. Evidence shows that those wild ancestors were present in the Late Pleistocene, before 8000 cal. BC, in the plateau itself. Pınarbaşı rock shelter provides the first detailed evidence of Epi-Palaeolithic occupation as well as the nature of Late Glacial and earliest Holocene environment in the Anatolian Plateau during the second half of the 9th millennum cal. BC. Aşıklı Höyük, a mound site, represents the birth of the Aceramic Neolithic in Central Anatolia dated back to ca. 9,000 cal. BC. Sheep herding and cultivation of wheat took place with distinct local characteristics by sedentary village communities of this settlement at least in 8000 cal. BC. Boncuklu Höyük, a tell site, shows the transition from hunter-gatherer-foragers to agriculturalists in Central Anatolia. Mammal species found in Boncuklu Höyük were hunted and they exploited a mosaic of habitats including wetlands, grasslands and woodlands during the half of 9th millennium BC. Therefore, the faunal assamblage of these three sites illustrates the best witness to an understanding of the beginning of sedentism, cultivation and the transition of human-animal-environment interaction through the Late Pleistocene - Early Holocene of Central Anatolian Plateau. My PhD thesis aims to contribute to the understanding of this transition. This communication wants to give a glimpse of how it might have occurred and to establish some of the questions I will consider in the future.