Organik Tarım Bölümü

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THE CADMIUM PHYTOEXTRACTION EFFICIENCY OF SCMTII GENE BEARING TRANSGENIC TOBACCO PLANT
(Biotechnology & Biotechnological Equipment, 2010) Dağhan, Hatice; Arslan, Mehmet; Uygur, Veli; Köleli, Nurcan; Eren, abdullah
Cadmium pollution is a serious world-wide problem affecting the human health and the environmental quality. Phytoremediation, the use of green plants to remove, sequester or detoxify pollutants offers an environmentally-friendly alternative to engineeringbased methods for remediation. The T2 generations of the ScMTII gene bearing transgenic and non-transgenic tobacco plants were grown hydroponically in Hoagland nutrition solution containing 0, 5 and 10 mg/L Cd in controlled growth room to determine their ability to uptake and accumulate Cd within the shoots and roots. There were no significant shoot and root dry weight differences between transgenic and non-transgenic tobacco plants. The ScMTII gene bearing transgenic tobacco plant accumulated 19.8% higher Cd than the non-transgenic tobacco plant in the above ground parts of the plant during the two weeks exposure period in hydroponic culture. In non-transgenic plant, however, Cd is accumulated mainly in the roots. The results of current study indicate that the use of the ScMTII gene bearing transgenic tobacco plant for Cd phytoremediation is limited. Further studies are needed to test the effectiveness of the ScMTII gene for phytoextraction of other heavy metal ions.
GREEN SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES (AgNPs) FROM MAIZE (ZEA MAYS L.)
(APPLIED ECOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH, 2019) Eren, abdullah; BARAN, Mehmet Fırat
In recent years, the biosynthesis (green synthesis) of metal nanoparticles such as silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have become one of the safest, most cost-effective and environmentally friendly approaches. In this study, AgNPs were synthesized using maize (Zea mays L.) leaves. For the characterization of synthesized AgNPs different techniques were used, such as X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), Ultraviolet visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and Thermal gravimetric and Differential thermal analysis (TGA-DTA). The XRD results showed that AgNPs had a mean diameter of 12.63 nm and a crystal-like appearance. In addition, antimicrobial activities of synthesized AgNPs were evaluated using 3 different antibiotics against Gram-negative Escherichia coli and Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus bacteria and Candida albicans yeast. Antifungal activity of AgNPs with antibiotics has been observed to be better than the antibiotics against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The minimum inhibitory concentrations were found to be 0.084, 0.337 and 0.021 mg mL-1 for Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans, respectively. The results revealed that AgNPs synthesized from maize leaf extract have antibacterial activity against Gram-negative Escherichia coli, Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and antifungal activity against Candida albicans yeast, and that the produced AgNPs could be used in the production of biomedical products and in the pharmaceutical industry.
INVESTIGATING ANTIMI CROBIAL ACTIVITY OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES PRODUC ED THROUGH GREEN SYN THESIS USING LEAF EXTRACT O F COMMON GRAPE ( VITIS VINIFERA
(2019) Acay, Hilal; Baran, Mehmet Fırat; Eren, Abdullah
In this study, a direct approach to fabricating silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) via the leaf extract of common grape (Vitis vinifera) has been demonstrated. The produced particles were found with a maximum wavelength of 452.47 nm, spherical shape and the crystal size of 18.53 nm through UV-Visible spectrophotometry, XRD (X-ray diffraction) and SEM (Scanning electron microscopy) characterization methods. Furthermore, the functional groups involved in the reduction were specified with FTIR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy), the elemental compounds were identified with EDX (Energy dispersive X-Ray spectroscopy) and the degradation points were determined with TGA-DTA (Thermal gravimetric analysis) methods. AgNPs were found to be effective against hospital pathogens, namely Gram-negative Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 and Candida albicans fungus at the concentrations of 0.314, 0.078 and 0.334 g mL-1, respectively.
Citation - WoS: 1
Citation - Scopus: 1
Morphological, Physiological, Molecular, and Pathogenic Insights Into the Characterization of Phytophthora Polonica From a Novel Host, Hazelnut (Corylus Avellana)
(Academic Press Ltd - Elsevier Science Ltd, 2024) Turkkan, Muharrem; Ozer, Goksel; Dervis, Sibel
Hazelnuts, constituting a significant global crop, hold paramount importance in Turkiye, contributing to approximately 71.14 % of the world's hazelnut cultivation area. In the summer of 2023, hazelnut trees in two orchards situated in the Altinordu district of Ordu province, within the Black Sea region of Turkiye, the largest producer and exporter of hazelnuts, exhibited symptoms of decline associated with root rot. Phytophthora sp. was consistently isolated from necrotic taproots, initiating an in-depth study to discern the causal agent behind the observed hazelnut decline. The species was identified as P. polonica by its distinctive morphological traits, including homothallic characteristics, amphigynous or paragynous antheridia, long nonbranching sporangiophores, and nonpapillate sporangia with internal proliferation. Multiple genetic markers (ITS, tub2, and COI) facilitated a clear differentiation of P. polonica from other Phytophthora species within Clade 9, supporting its classification within Subclade 9b. This investigation also evaluated the impact of diverse nutrient media (CA, V8A, and CMA), temperatures, and pH levels on the mycelial growth of P. polonica HPp-1 and HPp-2 isolates. The optimal conditions for maximal mycelial growth were determined through the D-optimal design of the Response Surface Method, revealing the significant influence of all factors on mycelial growth. The identified optimal conditions were at 26.09 degrees C, pH 5.12, with CMA as the nutrient medium. Validation experiments conducted under these optimal conditions unveiled mycelial growth of 7.24 +/- 0.15 mm day(-1) and 6.81 +/- 0.09 mm day(-1) for P. polonica HPp-1 and HPp-2 isolates, respectively, with an error of less than 5 %. Pathogenicity assessments confirmed P. polonica's virulence on hazelnuts, with distinct lesion development observed in twig inoculation, cut stem segments, and foliar tests. While no statistically significant difference was noted in lesion areas between HPp-1 and HPp-2 isolates in twig and stem segment assays, a statistical difference in leaf lesion areas (19.96 +/- 2.04 cm(2) and 9.16 +/- 3.43 cm(2)) emerged in foliar tests after only a 5-day incubation period, indicating their high susceptibility to the pathogen. This study is the first to report P. polonica as a hazelnut pathogen in Turkiye and around the world, highlighting the previously non-existent threat of Phytophthora root rot in hazelnuts, given the substantial lack of scientifically documented cases related to hazelnut root rot diseases. The quadratic model design employed in physiological analyses is reliable for optimizing mycelial growth and can serve as a guiding framework for similar investigations.
Potential of Rosmarinus officinalis for Phytoremediation of Soil Contaminated with Cadmium
(Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, 2018) Kılıç, Hasan; Eren, Abdullah; Köleli, Nurcan
In this study, the use of Rosmarinus officinalis was investigated to clear soil contaminated with Cd. The soil sample for pot experiment is taken from the old municipal waste storage in Mardin. The pot experiment conducted in the greenhouse. Increasing dose of Cd (0-5-10-20 mg kg-1 as 3CdSO4.7H2O form) and 0.005 mM citric acid applied to the soil and all pots were incubated for 30 days. The fertilizer (200 mg N kg-1) applied before seedling and then plant seedlings transferred to the pots. The plants were grown for 45 days in the greenhouse. After harvest Cd, N, P, K, Mn, Fe, Cu, and Zn concentrations of plant samples were determined in ICP-MS. The highest Cd content (8.31 μg plant-1) was obtained in 20 mg Cd kg-1 treatments. The result of the experiment was shown that the Rosmarinus officinalis was not suitable for pyhtoextraction of Cd-contaminated soils.

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