Bitkisel ve Hayvansal Üretim Bölümü

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Allelic variations of glutenin subunits and their association with quality traits in bread wheat genotypes
(2017) Aktaş, Hüsnü; Baloch, Faheem Shehzad
The present study was conducted to evaluate the genotype × environment interaction of the yield and quality traits for five bread wheat varieties commonly grown in the Southeastern Anatolia Region of Turkey and 20 advanced lines developed within the framework of the International Winter Wheat Improvement Project. We also determined the allelic pattern of the Glu-1 and Glu-3 loci of these genotypes and examined whether these loci had an effect on the quality traits. There was a significant variation among the genotypes and environments in terms of grain yield, protein content, sedimentation volume (SV), and the extensograph dough energy value (EDEV). The results of the study indicated that genotypic effect was more influential on SV and EDEV than environmental effect; thus, both traits could be used in breeding programs to develop elite cultivars with better quality. Twelve different high-molecularweight (HMW) glutenin alleles were identified at the Glu-A1, Glu-B1, and Glu-D1 loci, resulting in 14 allelic combinations, and 17 different alleles were observed in 19 combinations for low-molecular-weight (LMW) subunits. Furthermore, among all the genotypes, 13 + 16 and 13 + 19 alleles at Glu-B1 and 5 + 12 at Glu-D1 were observed to have the lowest frequency. Our study indicated that the combinations of HMW glutenin alleles with 2* at Glu-A1, 17 + 18 and 13 + 16 at Glu-B1, and 5 + 10 at Glu-D1, as well as the combinations of LMW alleles with subunits c and d at Glu-A3; subunits d, b, c, and g at Glu-B3; and subunits a and b at Glu-D3 had positive effects on the quality traits.
Enhancing Drought Tolerance in Camelina Sativa L. and Canola (Brassica Napus L.) Through Application of Selenium
(Pakistan Botanical Society, 2020) Ahmad, Z.; Kızılgeçi, Ferhat; Waraich, E.A.; Barutçular, C.; Alharby, H.; Bamagoos, A.; Kizilgeci, F.; Sabagh, A.E.
Considering the burning issue the present study was undertaken in pot culture at the Cholistan Institute of Desert Studies (CIDS), The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistan for enhancing drought tolerance in two oilseed crops (OC) crops camelina (Camelina sativa L.) and canola (Canola napus L.) through improving physiological, biochemical, and antioxidants activity by foliar application of selenium (Se) under drought stress. Two Camelina (i.e.] ‘Australian Camelina’ and ‘Canadian Camelina’) and canola genotypes (i.e.] ‘AARI Canola’ and ‘UAF Canola’) were used as plant materials during the growing season of 2016. Both Camelina and Canola genotypes were grown under normal (100% FC) and water deficit (drought stress) (40% FC) conditions. Four levels of Se: such as seeds priming with 75μM Se, foliar application of Se at 7.06 μM and foliar Se in combination with seeds priming (7.06 μM & 75μM) along with control were applied at the vegetative stage of both OC crops for screening drought tolerant genotypes. All treatments were arranged three times in a randomized complete block design. Both OC crops were grown upto the maturity and data on physiochemical, antioxidants and yield components were recorded during this study. Results of the present study indicated that the physio-biochemical parameters such as WP (water potential), OP (osmotic potential), TP (turgor pressure), proline, TSS (total soluble sugar), TFAA (total free amino acids), TPr (total proteins) and TS (total sugars); [and total chlorophyll contents were improved by foliar application Se along with seed priming by Se in both OC crops in both drought stress and non-stress (control) conditions. Similarly, osmoprotectants such as GB (Glycinebetaine), anthocyanin, TPC (total phenolic contents) and flavonoids; [as well as antioxidants such as APX (ascorbate peroxidase), SOD (superoxide dismutase), POD (peroxidase) and CAT (catalase) were also showed better enhancement in both OC crops through foliar application in combination with seed priming with Se (7.06 μM & 75μM) under normal as well as water deficit (drought) conditions. Yield and its components i.e.] branches plant-1 (no.), 1000-seed weight (g), seed and biological yield (t ha-1) of both OC crops were increased through foliar application in combination with seed priming by Se (7.06 μM & 75μM) under drought and non-drought stress conditions. Both camelina and Canola genotypes categorized based on all the above-mentioned parameters under the water deficit (drought stress) condition and foliar application of Se, the genotype ‘Canadian Camelina’ maintained the highest values for all these attributes. Therefore, it is revealed that foliar application in combination with seed priming by Se helps to improve drought tolerance of OC crops and also leads to an increase in the productivity of crops under drought stress. Among the genotypes, ‘Canadian Camelina’ performed the best when seeds of the genotypes were primed with Se in combination with foliar application of Se at the vegetative stage. © 2020, Pakistan Botanical Society. All rights reserved.
Phenology, Growth and Yield Are Strongly Influenced by Heat Stress in Late Sown Mustard (Brassica Spp.) Varieties
(Pakistan Botanical Society, 2020) Bazzaz, M.M.; Kızılgeçi, Ferhat; Hossain, A.; Farooq, M.; Alharby, H.; Bamagoos, A.; Nuruzzaman, M.; El Sabagh, A.
In rice-based cropping system of northern Bangladesh, mustard planting is delayed due to late harvest of monsoon rice (Transplanted Aman rice; [T. Aman rice). The late sown mustard is often exposed to high-temperature stress during the reproductive stage, which causes a significant decrease in seed yield. Most of the farmers plant a low yielding local mustard variety ‘Tori-7’, which is sensitive to high-temperature stress. The Oil Seeds Research Centre of Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute has recently released short duration and high-yielding mustard varieties for the rice-based cropping system of northern Bangladesh to tackle this issue. However, the performance of these varieties in the target cropping system under late sown conditions (together with exposure to heat stress) has not been evaluated yet. Therefore, this two-year field experiment was conducted to assess the performance of newly released mustard varieties ‘BARI Sarisha-14’ and ‘BARI Sarisha-15’ in comparison with the local check variety ‘Tori-7’ sown at five planting dates (viz. October 21, November 1, November 10, November 20, and November 30). The delay in sowing shortened time (days) to flowering and maturity, regardless of the variety. Similarly, plant height, branches/plant and total dry matter accumulation of the tested varieties were also reduced upon delay in planting. The greatest seed yield was observed in varieties ‘BARI Sarisha-15’ and ‘BARI Sarisha-14’ when sown on October 21. These two varieties produced fair seed yield when sown at November 20. However, the local variety ‘Tori7’ yielded the least across all the planting dates. Therefore, the varieties ‘BARI Sarisha-14’ and ‘BARI Sarisha-15’ may be planted in the rice-based cropping system of northern Bangladesh after harvest of T. Aman rice to get maximum seed yield. © 2020, Pakistan Botanical Society. All rights reserved.
Stripe Rust Partial Resistance Increases Spring Bread Wheat Yield in South-eastern Anatolia, Turkey
(WILEY-BLACKWELL, 2016) Aktaş, Hüsnü; Zencirci, Nusret
Stripe rust caused by Puccinia striiformis f.sp. tritici is the most serious disease of wheat globally including south-eastern Anatolia of Turkey, where wheat originated. In this study, 12 spring wheat genotypes were artificially inoculated and preserved in two locations, Diyarbakr and Adyaman, during the 2011-2012 season to investigate loss in yield and yield components. Genotypes were evaluated at the adult plant stage using two partial resistance parameters: final disease severity and area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC). AUDPC ranged from 14.8 to 860 in Diyarbakr, and 74 to 760 in Adyaman. Yield loss ranged from 0.6 to 68.5% in Diyarbakr and 9.8 to 56.8% in Adyaman. Genotypes G1, G5, G7 and G8 were found to lose less yield, while higher yield loss was observed in G3, G4 (Nurkent), G5 and G9 (Karacada-98). The highest loss in thousand kernel weight was observed in a susceptible cultivar Karacada-98 in Diyarbakr followed by 43.4 and 24.4% in Adyaman. Test weight loss reached 8.89% in Diyarbakr and 20.8% in Adyaman. Yield loss and AUDPC had a positive significant relationship. Based on the values of AUDPC, final disease severity and yield loss, three major clusters were formed for 12 wheat genotypes. Partially resistant genotypes were found to lose less grain yield and seemed to be stronger against severe stripe rust pressure.
Traditional uses of wild plants in Mardin central district and attached villages (Turkey)
(INDIAN JOURNAL OF TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE, 2021) Mungan Kılıç, Fatma; Yıldız, Kemal; Mungan Kılıç, Fatma
This research reveals traditional uses of wild plants found in Artuklu district in Mardin Province in the Southeastern Anatolia Region of Turkey. This study, conducted between 2017 and 2019, gathered information on the medicinal and other uses of plant species traditionally used in Artuklu and the local names of these plants. Face to face surveys were conducted with 183 people in 91 neighbourhoods. The ethnobotanical uses of 125 plants belonging to 35 families, which are traditionally underutilized by the local people, have been recorded. Our results showed that the highest Relative Frequency of Citation (RFC) was recorded for the species Lathyrus pseudocicera Pamp. (0.32). 1 taxon is from Stereocaulaceae of Fungi, 2 taxa are from Pteridophyta and the others 122 taxa are from Magnoliophyta. In the region, plants mostly belonging to the families Fabaceae (21 taxa), Lamiaceae (11 taxa), Asteraceae (10 taxa) and Brassicaceae (10 taxa) were determined. The recorded ethnobotanical uses are for: food (64), medicinal (40), fodder (12), children's toys (5) and various other purposes (4). Due to the fact that Turkish, Kurdish, Arabic and Assyrian people have lived together in the Artuklu district, this ethnic diversity increased the use of wild plants and added richness. Preserving the coexistence of different cultural and religious groups in the research zone is essential for the maintenance of the rich wild plant local heritage.
Variation in essential oil composition of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) varieties cultivated in two different ecologies
(TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC, 2017) Izgi, Mehmet Necat; Telci, Isa; Elmastas, Mahfuz
Coriander, Coriandrum sativum L, is an important medicinal plant belonging to Apiaceae family, which is grown in many parts of Turkey. In this study, essential oil and composition of 6 Turkish coriander cultivars (Gamze, Arslan, Erbaa, Pelmus, Kudret, Gurbuz) were examined in two different (Mardin and Tokat) ecologies. Essential oils were isolated with distillation method in maturated fruits and component composition was determined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Main component was linalool in all cultivar, and it was higher in the conditions of Mardin having a warmer climate in all the cultivars than that of Tokat with temperate climate. Contrary to linalool, -pinene and neryl acetate contents of all cultivar were higher in Tokat.

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