Organik Tarım Bölümü

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Neoscytalidium dimidiatum: A newly identified postharvest pathogen of pears and its implications for pome fruits
(Wiley, 2024) Derviş, Sibel; Zholdoshbekova, Sezim; Guney, Inci Guler; Ozer, Goksel
T & uuml;rkiye is a prominent contributor to pear and diverse pome fruit production. Pear fruit with unusual brown to black spots and rot symptoms observed in public marketplaces in Mardin province have raised concerns regarding postharvest fruit health. The consistent isolation of a fungus from these fruits revealed morphological features indicative of Neoscytalidium dimidiatum. Phylogenetic confirmation of its identity ensued through BLASTn searches targeting, the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) of ribosomal DNA, the partial translation elongation factor 1-alpha gene (tef1), and the partial beta-tubulin gene (tub2). Pathogenicity evaluations were conducted on common pome fruits, namely pears, apples, and quinces, unveiling the susceptibility of all examined fruits to postharvest infection by this emergent pathogen. Furthermore, an investigation was carried out to discern the pathogen's response to varying temperature ranges on pear fruits, revealing that the most pronounced lesions occurred at 30 degrees C, followed by 25 degrees C, 35 degrees C, and 20 degrees C. Conversely, no lesion development was observed at 10 degrees C, 15 degrees C, or 40 degrees C. To the best of our knowledge, this study represents the first report of N. dimidiatum as the etiological agent responsible for postharvest rot in pear fruit. The implications of these findings highlight the potential threat posed by this pathogen to pome fruits postharvest, especially in regions where cold storage facilities are not widely utilized, warranting increased vigilance and preventive measures.
Plant-Associated Neoscytalidium dimidiatum-Taxonomy, Host Range, Epidemiology, Virulence, and Management Strategies: A Comprehensive Review
(MDPI, 2023) Derviş, Sibel; Özer, Göksel
Neoscytalidium dimidiatum, a plant- and human-associated fungus, has emerged as a substantial global ecological and agricultural threat aggravated by global warming. It inflicts various diseases, including canker, blight, dieback, leaf spot, root rot, and fruit rot, across a wide spectrum of fruit trees, field crops, shrubs, and arboreal species, with a host range spanning 46 plant families, 84 genera, and 126 species, primarily affecting eudicot angiosperms. Six genera are asymptomatic hosts. Neoscytalidium dimidiatum exhibits worldwide distribution, with the highest prevalence observed in Asia and North America, notably in Iran, Turkey, and California. Rising disease prevalence and severity, aggravated by climate change, particularly impact tropical arid places across 37 countries spanning all 7 continents. This comprehensive review encapsulates recent advancements in the understanding of N. dimidiatum, encompassing alterations in its taxonomic classification, host range, symptoms, geographic distribution, epidemiology, virulence, and strategies for effective management. This study also concentrates on comprehending the taxonomic relationships and intraspecific variations within N. dimidiatum, with a particular emphasis on N. oculus and N. hylocereum, proposing to consider these two species as synonymous with N. dimidiatum. Furthermore, this review identifies prospective research directions aimed at augmenting our fundamental understanding of host-N. dimidiatum interaction.

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