Antropoloji Bölümü

Permanent URI for this communityhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12514/36

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Cranial size and shape sexual dimorphism in the Kangal dog from Turkey
(Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TÜBİTAK), 2020) Pars-Casanova, Pere M.; Sıddıq, Abu Bakar; Onar, Vedat
This study has so far been the first attempt to characterize and quantify skull sexual variation in Kangal dog, by means of geometric morphometric techniques. A sample of 16 adult Kangal crania has been analyzed with this purpose. To obtain a full image of morphological pattern, digital pictures were taken from the ventral, left lateral, and dorsal sides of each skull, and a total of 16, 15, and 16 landmarks respectively were obtained on each image. Skull size and shape differed significantly in all aspects among different sexes, male skulls being bigger. Shape differences were observed mainly on zygomatic arch and muzzle on the dorsal view, pterygoid bone and articular surface to mandibular condyle in the lateral aspect, and cranial width and maxillary bone on the ventral view. Although the sample was comparatively small in number, being the first geometric morphometric approach applied on the Kangal dog, the obtained results will add vital information particularly to understand the cranial shape sexual dimorphism of this unique dog breed in Turkey.
High level of fluctuating asymmetry in the Byzantine dogs from the Theodosius Harbor, Istanbul, Turkey
(Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, 2021) Sıddıq, Abu Bakar; Parés-Casanova, Pere M.; Öncü, Ö. Emre; Kar, Hakan; Onar, Vedat
Asymmetry, the abnormality of an organism or a part of it from its perfect symmetry, is represented by three different categories: fluctuating asymmetry, directional asymmetry, and antisymmetry. Fluctuating asymmetry attributes to random developmental variation of a morphological character, whereas directional asymmetry attributes one of the body sides to be more prominent than the other. Antisymmetry appears whenever one body side of a biological body shows greater morphological appearance than the other. Since more environmental stress often produces greater effect of fluctuating asymmetry, it can be a good indicator of physiological stress in the morphological characteristic of a biological being. Applying, so far, the first geometric morphometric methods on any Byzantine fauna, this study aimed to determine the kind and direction of skull asymmetry occurred in Byzantine dog skulls. Aiming this, asymmetries in 16 adult Byzantine dog skulls unearthed form Yenikapı-Marmaray excavation (ancient Theodosius Harbor) in İstanbul, were compared with 39 adult skulls of modern pet dog breeds. Seventeen landmarks (3 midline and 14 bilateral) were selected on the digital pictures of the ventral aspect of each skull, and used for detailed analysis. The results showed a greater percentage of fluctuating asymmetry in the Byzantine dog skulls, suggesting them not to be the remains of pets or housed dogs but perhaps the labor or stray dogs in the Byzantine capital Constantinople.
Morphometric analysis of the skulls of domestic cattle (Bos taurus L.) and water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis L.) in Turkey
(2019) Özkan, Ermiş; Sıddıq, Abu Bakar; Kahvecioğlu, Kifayet Oya; Öztürk, Muhsin; Onar, Vedat
A total of 20 domestic cattle (Bos taurus L.) and 15 water buffalo (Bubalis bubalis L.) skulls were analyzed in this study. All of the specimens belonged to female individuals. Using a total of 27 craniometric measurements from each of the skulls, 9 indices were calculated. Although there were statistically significant differences between the linear measurements of the skulls of both species, while calculating the indices with their ratios, the values of the measurements of the facial area were determinative in the craniology. Among these indices, the facial index 1 value was statistically significant (P < 0.01) in the comparison of these two species. On the other hand, while considering the orbit and foramen magnum measurements, in contrast with the transversal measurement, the height was more determinant for their index and form.

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