Fatty acid composition of total lipid, phospholipid and triacylglycerol in the muscle and liver tissue of Aspius vorax

Abstract

Aim of the study: Owing to the favourable effects of n-3 fatty acids on human health, there has been a great degree of interest in the fatty acid profiles of fish species in recent years. There has been no study on the fatty acid profiles of phospholipid and triacylglycerol from Aspius Vorax. Therefore, the objectives of the present work were to investigate the total lipid contents and fatty acid profiles in the muscle and Iiver of A. yorax. These goals aim to provide nutritional information with respect to the consumption of A. Vorax for nutrient balance as a foodstuff. Material and Methods: Fishes were caught with casting nets from Atatürk Dam Lake on March 2009. Fish were killed with a sharp blow to the head; muscle and liver were excised. Fish sex was determined by their gonad. The samples were Stored at -30 0C in a freezer prior lo analysis. Muscle and liver tissues were homogğnised in chloroform/methanol (2/1 v/v) solution in order to extract muscle and liver tissue lipids. The amount of lipid was determined gravimetrically. Then the total lipids were spotted on preparative thin layer chromatography (TLC) plates using commercial siIica gel TLC plates. After applying the lipid extracts, the TLC plates were developed in petroleum ether: diethyl ether: acetic acid (80:20:1 v/v). The fractions were scraped into reaction Vials, and the associated fatty acids were transmethylated by refluxing the fractions in acidified methanol for 2 hours at 850C. The fatty acid methyl esters were extracted with hexane. Fatty acid methyl esters were separated and quantified by capillary gas chromatography (GC) using a Hewlett Packard GC, a flame ionization detector (FlD) and HewlettPackard ChemStation software. Statistical analyses were done with SPSS 15.0. Results: The major SFAS (saturated fatty acids) were myristic acid (C14:0), palmitic acid (C16:0) and stearic acid (C18:0). oleic acid (C18:1n-9) and palmitoleic acid (C16:1n-7) were the prominent MUFA (monounsaturated fatty acids). The dominant PUFAs (polyunsaturated fatty acids) were linoleic acid (LA, C18:2n-6), linolenic acid (ALA, C18:3n-3), arachidonic acid (AA, C20:4n-6), eicoesapentaenoic acid (EPA, C20:5n-3) and docoesahexaenoic acid (DHA, C22:6n-3) in both tissues, The distributions of SFAS, MUFAS and PUFAS proportions were found to be different among PL and TG fractions. TG contained a lower proportion of PUFA, but a higher proportion of MUFA and SFA than PL