A Methodological Approach To Redefining Spatial Relations as a Result of Archaeological Excavations: Dara

Abstract

Spatial relationships play a fundamental role in the emergence, development, and transformation of cities. Especially in the context of ancient cities, the relation and spatial hierarchy between the locations of spaces such as necropolis, agora, forum, acropolis and living spaces reveal the functional distinction of spaces. Some ancient cities were discovered as a result of excavations in rural or isolated areas far from settlements, while others were found just below or within actively inhabited residential areas. The ancient city of Dara-Anastasiopolis, one of the most significant settlements in Mesopotamia, is an interesting study area for analysing and explaining these relationships. This study aims to examine the transformation of the spatial relationships between the ancient city of Dara and the present rural settlement before and after the excavations. The study consists of a five-stage process involving a systematic literature review, fieldwork, data generation, modelling, space syntax analysis, and evaluation. The findings reveal that spatial relations transformed significantly after the excavations uncovered the ancient city. After the excavations, a new relational network emerged with the exposed spaces, and it has been determined that this new situation affects pedestrian and vehicle circulation. As a result, the study provides a unique contribution to the literature by providing a basis for the digital representation and management of cultural heritage sites in rural areas and analysing spatial relationships with data-based and interdisciplinary methods. © 2025 University of L'Aquila, Department of Civil Construction, Building and Architecture, Environmental Engineering. All rights reserved.