The Combinations of Genotype, Trait and Genotype by Yield, Trait in Triticale Using Biplot Methods for Define Adaptation of Varieties to Environment

Abstract

Identifying high-performing triticale genotypes across multiple traits and the correlations among traits is important in a triticale breeding program. In this regard, three cultivars as controls and one promising line cultivar, totaling four genotypes, were evaluated using a Randomized Complete Block Design with four replicates at three locations during two growing seasons. Quantita-tive traits such as days to heading time, plant height, test weight, thousand grain weight, protein content, and yield were recorded. In our study, GT and GYT biplot analyses were used to identify the associations between various traits and select superior cultivars bot-tomed on multiple traits. Among the genotypes, the highest yield in kg per hectare was obtained from the Egeyıldızı variety. The evaluated genotypes exhibited grain yield ranging from 4481 to 5640 kg/ha-1, heading date from 102 to 114 day, plant height from 124 to 133 cm, test weight from 71 to 75 kg/hl, thousand grain weight from 28 to 41 g, from 14 to 17%. The results revealed that the GT biplot explained a smaller proportion of the total variation (95.53%) than the GYT biplot (97.98%). A significant and positive correlation was observed between head-ing date (HD) and protein content (PC). Tacettinbey and Egeyıldızı varieties useful culti-vars were identified using the ATC of the GYT biplot, which could be directly utilized or incorporated into further cultivation for region. the conclusion, it was determined that the candidate variety was weak in competition with existing varieties in terms of some traits, while it was confirmed that its yield potential was higher than the varieties.