Morphological Changes in Blood Cells in a Rat Model of Cadmium Poisoning

Abstract

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the morphological changes in blood cells induced by cadmium (Cd) exposure in a rat model. Methodology: Wistar albino rats were divided into control and Cd-exposed groups. Cadmium chloride was administered via intraperitoneal injection. Peripheral blood smear analysis was performed to assess the morphology of blood cells. Morphological abnormalities were identified and recorded using light microscopy. Results: Significant structural alterations were observed in erythrocytes, including target cells, echinocytes, Howell-Jolly bodies, and hypochromia in the Cd-exposed group. Neutrophils showed increased nuclear lobulation and deformation. Conclusion: Cd exposure exerts a toxic effect on the hematological system, resulting in significant morphological changes in blood cells. These alterations may serve as early markers of Cd toxicity.