Assesment of yield and yield traits of advanced bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) lines in semi-arid condition

Abstract

In this present study, variation range for grain yield, some yield traits and quality traits of some bread wheat lines (Triticum aestivum L.) selected among preliminary yield trials in -2020 growing season, in order to determine outstanding wheat lines and use them in the bread wheat breeding program. One hundred five wheat lines including five check cultivars were used as genetic material. This experiment was conducted under Augmented Experimental Design consisting of four blocks of which every block has twenty five plots. According to minimum and maximum values of the lines, there was a great variation for plant height 70.8-128.4 cm; spike length 6.1-13.6 cm; spikelet number 3.2-53.4; grain number per spike 21-70.8; thousand kernel weight 24.2-43.8 g; protein ratio 8.4-18.1%; starch 78.4-89.8 % and grain yield 46-590 kg-da-1. In the evaluationusing the Biplot graph, grain yield, thousand kernel weight, starch and test weight were involved in the same group while protein content, were involved in the other group. Using UPGMA (The unweighted pair grouping method of arithmetic averages) to cluster data it was seen that bread wheat genotypes were grouped into five cluster. The result of the analysis indicated that for bread wheats the highest similarity was between G81 and G92 whereas the genetic distance between G1 and G58 was the lowest. According to the results of research, some promising and superior lines were selected for yield trials when compared to check cultivars.