Scopus İndeksli Yayınlar Koleksiyonu

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12514/3596

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Now showing 1 - 9 of 9

Citation - WoS: 2
Citation - Scopus: 4
Analysis of Solar Inverter Thd According To Pwm's Carrier Frequency
(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2015) Cangi, H.; Adak, Süleyman; Adak, S.; 17.02. Department of Electricity and Energy / Elektrik ve Enerji Bölümü; 17. Vocational Higher School / Meslek Yüksekokulu; 01. Mardin Artuklu University / Mardin Artuklu Üniversitesi
Solar PV systems are usually used in the generation of power systems. Electricity produced in Photovoltaic systems in the form of direct current. In order to convert direct current to alternating current used converters, which are harmonic source. In this thesis study, output distortion currents of solar inverter t are analyzed for various PWM's carrier frequency. Analytical expressions related to obtained numerical results, which was found by curve fitting method. Simulations are implemented in MATLAB and Simulink software. R-L inductive load is implemented in hardware to show the effectiveness of the proposed system. © 2015 IEEE.
Citation - Scopus: 19
Design of an Llcl Type Filter for Stand-Alone Pv Systems' Harmonics
(Erol Kurt, 2019) Adak, S.; Adak, Süleyman; Cangi, H.; Yilmaz, A.S.; 17.02. Department of Electricity and Energy / Elektrik ve Enerji Bölümü; 17. Vocational Higher School / Meslek Yüksekokulu; 01. Mardin Artuklu University / Mardin Artuklu Üniversitesi
This paper is regarding the design, modeling and simulation for reducing harmonics with passive LLCL filter in off-grid solar system. It is desired that current and voltage waveforms are to be in the sinusoidal form during energy generation from stand-alone solar systems. This condition can be provided by the most important one of the main factors which to determine the quality of electrical energy. Due to the harmonics produced by the non-linear loads, the waveform of the current and voltage is distorted from the sinusoidal form. The passive LLCL filter is designed and analyzed for mitigation of the total harmonic distortion for current (THDI) in the proposed off-grid PV system. The passive LLCL filter is practically installed between solar inverter and non-linear load. Simulation results are in a good compliance with the theoretical analysis. This study describes a design methodology of a LLCL filter for off-grid power system with a comprehensive study of how to mitigate the harmonics in off-grid solar system. The using of a LLCL filter mitigates the THDI that injected by a six pulse rectifier which is used as a non-linear load. The simulation result shows that the reduction of THDI from 89.89% to 3.257%. This paper attempts to show that the using of LLCL filter with a stand-alone solar system can highly improve the power quality of the system. © 2019 Published by peer-reviewed open access scientific journal.
Citation - WoS: 26
Citation - Scopus: 27
Developed Analytical Expression for Current Harmonic Distortion of the Pv System's Inverter in Relation To the Solar Irradiance and Temperature
(Springer, 2021) Adak, Suleyman; Adak, Süleyman; Cangi, Hasan; Eid, Bilal; Yilmaz, Ahmet Serdar; 17.02. Department of Electricity and Energy / Elektrik ve Enerji Bölümü; 17. Vocational Higher School / Meslek Yüksekokulu; 01. Mardin Artuklu University / Mardin Artuklu Üniversitesi
This paper deals with modeling and simulation of the total harmonic distortion of the current (THDI) dispatched from the inverter and connected to nonlinear load. The change of THD(I)was examined in relation to the ambient temperature (T) and solar irradiance (G). The developed model is being used to extract parameters for a given THD(I)as a function of temperature and solar radiation. This study outlines the working principle of photovoltaic (PV) panel as well as PV array. Off-grid PV system is modeled by using Matlab/Simulink program, and detailed analytical study has been carried out in this work. The design, modeling and simulation of this study are performed from 50 up to 988 W/m(2)for solar irradiance. Harmonic components have negative effects on the steady-voltage stability of the PV system. Therefore, analytical expression is needed for steady-state stability analysis in order to reduce negative effects. Hence, two analytical expressions of THD(I)were obtained by two new different methods which are statistical package for the social sciences program and genetic expression programming. Eventually, two different methods have been verified by the Matlab/Simulink program in order to find out THD(I)and demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed strategy. As a result of this study, it is observed that input current THDI of nonlinear load is too high at low irradiance. It is suggested that active harmonic filters should be used at low irradiance in order to produce better quality energy and avoid damages in the PV system.
Citation - WoS: 22
Citation - Scopus: 23
Development software program for extraction of photovoltaic cell equivalent circuit model parameters based on the Newton–Raphson method
(SpringerLink, 2022) Adak, Süleyman; Adak, Süleyman; Cangi, Hasan; Yılmaz, Ahmet Serdar; Arifoğlu, Uğur; 17.02. Department of Electricity and Energy / Elektrik ve Enerji Bölümü; 17. Vocational Higher School / Meslek Yüksekokulu; 01. Mardin Artuklu University / Mardin Artuklu Üniversitesi
Finding the equivalent circuit parameters for photovoltaic (PV) cells is crucial as they are used in the modeling and analysis of PV arrays. PV cells are made of silicon. These materials have a nonlinear characteristic. This distorts the sinusoidal waveform of the current and voltage. As a result, harmonic components are formed in the system. The PV cell is the smallest building block of the PV system and produces voltages between 0.5 V and 0.7 V. It serves as a source of current. The amount of radiation hitting the cell determines how much current it produces. In an ideal case, a diode and a parallel current source make up the equivalent circuit of the PV cell. In practice, the addition of a series and parallel resistor is made to the ideal equivalent circuit. There are many equivalent circuits in the literature on modeling the equivalent circuit of a PV cell. The PV cell single–diode model is the most used model due to its ease of analysis. In this study, the iterative method by Newton–Raphson was used to find the equivalent circuit parameters of a PV cell. This method is one of the most widely used methods for determining the roots of nonlinear equations in numerical analysis. In this study, five unknown parameters (Iph, Io, Rs, Rsh and m) of the PV cell equivalent circuit were quickly discovered with the software program prepared based on the Newton–Raphson method in MATLAB
Citation - WoS: 9
Citation - Scopus: 11
Development software program for finding photovoltaic cell open-circuit voltage and fill factor based on the photovoltaic cell one-diode equivalent circuit model
(Springer, 2024) Adak, Süleyman; Adak, Süleyman; Cangi, Hasan; 17.02. Department of Electricity and Energy / Elektrik ve Enerji Bölümü; 17. Vocational Higher School / Meslek Yüksekokulu; 01. Mardin Artuklu University / Mardin Artuklu Üniversitesi
The photovoltaic (PV) cell is the smallest building block of the PV solar system and produces voltages between 0.5 and 0.7 V. It acts as a current source in the equivalent circuit. The amount of radiation hitting the cell determines how much current it produces. The equivalent circuit of an ideal PV cell consists of a diode and a parallel current source. In order to express losses in applications, series and parallel resistance are added to the ideal equivalent circuit of the PV cell. There are many equivalent circuits in the literature for modeling the equivalent circuit of a PV cell. The single-diode equivalent circuit is the most widely used model because of its simplicity and ease of analysis. There are several methods available to estimate and analyze the parameters of PV cell models, such as Newton Raphson method, Lambert-W function, etc. In this study, the Newton Raphson method was used to find the equivalent circuit parameters of a PV cell. Fill factor is used to determine the quality of electricity generated by the photovoltaic cell. Open-circuit voltage is the maximum voltage value that the PV cell can transmit. The analysis of PV cell fill factor and open-circuit voltage was carried out using the developed software program. Then, the open-circuit voltage and fill factor were found using the software program prepared in MATLAB and given in Appendix.
Citation - WoS: 42
Citation - Scopus: 52
Harmonics Mitigation of Stand-Alone Photovoltaic System Using LC Passive Filter
(Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology, 2021) Adak, Süleyman; Adak, Süleyman; 17.02. Department of Electricity and Energy / Elektrik ve Enerji Bölümü; 17. Vocational Higher School / Meslek Yüksekokulu; 01. Mardin Artuklu University / Mardin Artuklu Üniversitesi
This article investigates modeling and simulation of the off-grid photovoltaic (PV) system, and elimination of harmonic components using an LC passive filter. Pulse width modulation (PWM) inverter is used to convert the direct current to alternating current. It is very important in terms of energy quality that the inverter output current total harmonic distortion (THDI) is below the value given by standards. Harmonic components have negatively effect on off-grid PV power system. THDI should be kept below a certain level in order to prevent damage to the equipment in the off-grid system and to ensure a higher quality energy flow to reduce the total harmonic distortion (THD) of the solar inverter output current; LC passive filter must be connected to the output of the PWM inverter. There are many types of passive filters for solar inverters. One of the most widely used filter types is the LC filter. LC filters are used in off-grid systems. LC filter is smaller in size and lower cost than other filters. But it is more complicated to determine the parameters of the LC filter. Therefore, in order for the system to remain in a steady state, the parameters must be accurately calculated and analyzed. In this study, the output power of the solar inverter, switching frequency, bus voltage etc. values were determined and LC filter parameters were calculated. Since high inductance values are used in LC filters, the voltage drop increases in these filters. To reduce the voltage drop, the DC bus voltage must be increased, which increases the switching losses. LC filter is connected between the inverter and the nonlinear load to filter the harmonic components produced by the DC/DC boost converter, DC/AC inverter and non-linear load. Matlab/Simulink program was used in Simulation and analysis of off-grid solar system. Solar inverter output current THD was measured as 91.55%. After the LC filter is connected to the system, this value has dropped to 2.62%.
Citation - WoS: 3
Citation - Scopus: 6
Power Factor Analysis of Grid-Connected Solar Inverter Under Different Irradiance Levels Throughout the Day
(Mdpi, 2024) Adak, Süleyman; Adak, Süleyman; 17.02. Department of Electricity and Energy / Elektrik ve Enerji Bölümü; 17. Vocational Higher School / Meslek Yüksekokulu; 01. Mardin Artuklu University / Mardin Artuklu Üniversitesi
The power factor (PF) plays a crucial role in determining the quality of energy produced by grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) systems. When irradiation levels are high, typically during peak sunlight hours, the PV panels generate more electricity. In this scenario, the PF tends to be higher because the real power output closely matches the apparent power drawn from the grid. Whereas, when irradiation levels are low, such as during cloudy weather or nighttime, the PV panels produce less electricity. In these conditions, the power factor may decrease because the real power output diminishes compared to the apparent power drawn from the grid. This could be due to reduced efficiency or increased reactive power flow. PF decreases linearly at solar irradiance values lower than 220 (W/m2). At the same time, it approaches unity at higher solar irradiance values than 220 (W/m2). In this study, the variation of the power coefficient of the grid-connected PV solar system depending on solar irradiation was modeled and analyzed using MATLAB/Simulink 41016490. The analytical expression of the power factor depending on the change in solar irradiation was found using the curve fitting method.
Citation - WoS: 13
Citation - Scopus: 14
The quality problems at low irradiance in the grid-connected photovoltaic systems
(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2024) Adak, S.; Adak, Süleyman; Cangi, H.; 17.02. Department of Electricity and Energy / Elektrik ve Enerji Bölümü; 17. Vocational Higher School / Meslek Yüksekokulu; 01. Mardin Artuklu University / Mardin Artuklu Üniversitesi
Solar photovoltaic (PV) energy is one of the most prominent topics that have attracted the attention of researchers in recent years. The use of solar energy is increasing rapidly in the world. Although using PV energy has various advantages, it has some disadvantages. Among these disadvantages, power factor (PF) and total harmonic distortion (THD) issues are discussed in this article. When solar PV systems are integrated into the grid, various power quality problems arise. In addition, due to low power quality and high harmonics, power system components overheat and start operating in undesirable regions; causes great damage. The magnitude of PF and THD is dependent on solar irradiation values. In order to determine how the power quality in the grid-connected solar system is affected by changes in solar irradiation (G), results for various irradiation situations are presented and analyzed. In addition, at low irradiance values, the amplitude of harmonic components and reactive power increases, whereas the power factor of the PV system decreases. Low power factor and high amplitude of harmonics cause the efficiency of the solar system to decrease. In this study, PF and THDI values were measured on a particular cloudy day for analysis. An analysis of the solar PV system was conducted using Matlab/simulation program to model the grid-connected PV system. Thus, the analytical expression of the PF and THDI, which are dependent on irradiation, was found with a new method by using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) program and the curve fitting method. Obtaining the analytical expressions for both solar irradiation (G) and power factor (PF) used the SPSS program and also solar irradiation (G) and total harmonic distortion (THDI) used the MATLAB curve fitting method which contributed to the science comparing to the existing literature. It can be prevented the low power quality by using such these expressions at low solar irradiation cases. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2024.
Citation - Scopus: 6
Thevenin Equivalent of Solar PV Cell Model and Maximum Power Transfer
(IEEE, 2021) Adak, Süleyman; Adak, Süleyman; Cangi, Hasan; Yılmaz, A. Serdar; 17.02. Department of Electricity and Energy / Elektrik ve Enerji Bölümü; 17. Vocational Higher School / Meslek Yüksekokulu; 01. Mardin Artuklu University / Mardin Artuklu Üniversitesi
Photovoltaic (PV) is the conversion of solar energy into DC electrical energy using PV cells. In addition, solar energy is an important renewable energy source. In this study, it is proposed that Thevenin's equivalent PV cell model produces a voltage-current characteristic that is quite representative of the operation of the PV source. Thevenin's elements depend on ambient temperature conditions, so charging is derived and simplified to construct a model that closely predicts and demonstrates adequate PV cell characteristic for different ambient temperature conditions. This method is very useful for estimating the desired performance and also for examining different Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) algorithms. Theoretically, the simulation was supplemented with test data, then used to develop an equivalent Thevenin model in which the resistance is non-linear and voltage dependent. Thevenin's method and variable pitch is to improve the maximum power transfer to the load by increasing the performance of the PV cell. These methods were modeled and studied in a simulation program.

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