Browsing by Author "Ayhan, Recep"

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19. yüzyılın ikinci yarısında Siird (1847-1900)
(2021) Ayhan, Recep; Gümüş, Ercan
The aim of this study was to investigate the judicial, administrative-physical, social, and economic structure of Siird in the second half of the 19th century. Data collection was achieved using sharia court records, Ottoman archive documents, yearbooks, travel books, and Diyarbekir Vilayet Newspaper as well as research works. Of these, sharia court records, which provide significant data for city history research and contain important information regarding the judicial, administrative, social and economic life of cities, were the primary sources of the study. The records indicated that the regulations enacted after the Tanzimat period paved the way for the establishment of new institutions in many fields in Siird. Additionally, the administrative structure of the city also underwent numerous changes as a result of these regulations. The center of Siird sanjak was governed by the district governors and tenants, and the districts were governed administered by administrators and district governors. In addition to foundation works such as mosques, masjids, madrasahs, zawiyas, tombs, inns, fountains, there were also hammams and bazaars in the city. In Siird, several non-Muslim elements such as Armenians, Chaldeans, Syrians-Jacobeans, Catholics, Protestants Christians and Yezidis used to live besides Muslims (Kurds, Arabs etc.). In Siird, which held different ethnic and religious elements within its borders, Muslims and non-Muslims lived together in peace and tolerance; and they established relations in many fields. However, the Armenian upheavals occurring in 1895 caused these positive relations to be damaged. Due to the common living culture that Muslims and non-Muslims constituted together, from time to time, individual and mass conversions were witnessed. In Siird whose economy depends on agriculture and raising livestock, the trade of agricultural, animal and weaving products were performed; and these products were marketed both in the home market and outer market.