Browsing by Author "Dönmezdil, S."

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Evaluation of Inflammatory and Oxidative Markers and Their Diagnostic Value in Schizophrenia
(Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 2025) Gunes, M.; Uyar, B.; Dönmezdil, S.; Kaplan, İ.
Objective: Schizophrenia is a chronic psychiatric disorder associated with increased oxidative stress. We aimed to investigate serum myeloperoxidase (MPO), catalase (CAT), and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and their diagnostic value in schizophrenia. Methods: Sixty patients with schizophrenia, diagnosed according to DSM-V criteria, and 65 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were enrolled. Clinical severity was assessed with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and Clinical Global Impression (CGI). Serum MPO and CAT were measured using ELISA, and MDA levels were determined spectrophotometrically. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed to assess diagnostic performance. Results: Compared with controls, schizophrenia patients demonstrated significantly higher serum MDA (5.64 vs. 3.42 pg/mL, p < 0.001), MPO (77.25 vs. 31.42 ng/mL, p < 0.001), and CAT (22.06 vs. 6.58 ng/mL, p < 0.001) levels. Subgroup analysis revealed consistently increased values across patients receiving typical, atypical, or combined antipsychotics. ROC analysis indicated good diagnostic accuracy: AUC = 0.884 for MDA (cut-off: 3.79 pg/mL), AUC = 0.882 for MPO (cut-off: 34.56 ng/mL), and AUC = 0.875 for CAT (cut-off: 9.38 ng/mL), all p < 0.001. Combined analysis of MPO, CAT, and MDA yielded superior diagnostic performance (AUC = 0.995; sensitivity = 98.3%). MPO was positively correlated with PANSS-N scores (r = 0.275, p = 0.033), and both MPO and CAT were correlated with CGI severity scores. Conclusions: Elevated MPO, CAT, and MDA levels indicate increased oxidative stress in schizophrenia. MPO may also be associated with negative symptom severity. These findings suggest potential utility of oxidative stress biomarkers as adjunctive diagnostic tools, although results should be considered preliminary and validated in larger, drug-naïve, and longitudinal samples. © 2025 by the authors.
When Sound Fades: Depression and Anxiety in Adults with Hearing Loss—A Cross-Sectional Study
(Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 2025) Dedeoglu, S.; Toprak, S.F.; Sırma, E.; Dönmezdil, S.
Background: Hearing loss is a prevalent sensory impairment with substantial psychosocial consequences. This cross-sectional study investigated the relationship between audiometric hearing loss and mood disturbances in adults aged 18–65 years who reported hearing difficulties for at least six months. Methods: Objective hearing level was assessed using the better-ear pure-tone average (PTA), and subjective hearing handicap was measured with the Hearing Handicap Inventory for Adults (HHIA). Standardized mood assessments included the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) and the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). Results: The study found that higher HHIA scores, indicating greater perceived hearing handicap, were strongly correlated with more severe depression and anxiety (ρ ≈ 0.45 and 0.38, respectively; p < 0.001). In contrast, objective PTA showed weaker associations with mood scores. Regression analyses, adjusted for age and gender, confirmed that perceived hearing handicap (HHIA) was the strongest independent predictor of both depression (standardized β ≈ 0.37, p < 0.001) and anxiety (β ≈ 0.33, p < 0.01), accounting for about 30% of the variance in mood scores. Nearly one-third of participants had clinically significant depression (BDI-II ≥ 20), which is substantially higher than community norms. The cross-sectional design and potential selection bias are limitations. Conclusions: Even mild-to-moderate hearing loss can result in significant depressive and anxious symptoms when individuals perceive themselves as handicapped. Early identification of hearing problems, routine psychosocial screening (e.g., a simple two-question survey), and integrated care are essential for improving quality of life. © 2025 by the authors.