Browsing by Author "Derviş, S."

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Comparative Aggressiveness and Fungicide Sensitivity of Phytopythium Vexans and P. Litorale Associated With Kiwifruit Vine Decline in Türkiye
(John Wiley and Sons Ltd, 2025) Polat, Z.; Gültekin, M.A.; Özer, G.; Türkkan, M.; Derviş, S.
BACKGROUND: Kiwifruit vine decline syndrome (KVDS) is an economically critical disease threatening production in Türkiye. The oomycetes Phytopythium vexans and P. litorale are increasingly implicated, but their comparative roles and effective management remain poorly understood, creating an urgent need for sustainable control strategies. This study aimed to (i) compare the virulence of these two species and (ii) evaluate the in vitro versus in vivo efficacy of key fungicides to identify reliable control strategies. RESULTS: Pathogenicity assays revealed that P. litorale was significantly more aggressive, causing severe disease (Disease Severity Index, DSI > 70%), whereas P. vexans induced only moderate symptoms (DSI < 42%). A critical disconnect was observed between laboratory and greenhouse fungicide performance. For instance, oxathiapiprolin, which was highly potent in vitro (EC50 = 0.001169–0.006158 μg mL−1), provided only moderate disease control in vivo. Conversely, pyraclostrobin-based fungicides delivered superior protection against the highly aggressive P. litorale, reducing the DSI to a range of 20.83–21.88% and significantly enhancing root biomass. CONCLUSION: This study establishes P. litorale as a highly aggressive pathogen in KVDS etiology and demonstrates that in vitro data alone are misleading for predicting fungicide field performance. Pyraclostrobin-based fungicides are identified as the most effective candidates for managing KVDS caused by P. litorale. These findings underscore the necessity of integrating in vivo validation in screening protocols and adopting species-specific management approaches, providing a critical roadmap for developing sustainable solutions against this devastating disease. © 2025 Society of Chemical Industry. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
Citation - Scopus: 1
Sustainable Use of Chlorides Against Biotic and Abiotic Stresses
(Elsevier, 2025) Türkkan, M.; Özer, G.; Taheri, P.; Derviş, S.
This chapter explores the multifaceted role of chloride salts in sustainable agriculture, moving beyond their traditional association with salinity stress to reveal their potential in mitigating various biotic and abiotic challenges. The review analyzes the effectiveness of diverse chloride salts, including NaCl, KCl, CaCl2, and MgCl2, demonstrating their efficacy in suppressing a broad spectrum of plant pathogens, with a primary focus on fungal diseases. Chloride salts achieve this through diverse mechanisms including cell wall reinforcement, osmotic regulation, and induced systemic resistance. For example, calcium chloride treatments have shown remarkable success in controlling postharvest diseases, in some cases reducing losses by up to 90%. Similarly, potassium chloride has demonstrated promising results in managing diseases such as take-all root rot in wheat, indirectly enhancing plant health and resilience. For bacterial diseases, chloride salts such as copper chloride offer direct antibacterial activity, while others such as calcium chloride can enhance plant defenses and reduce disease severity. Chloride-based disinfectants such as sodium hypochlorite have proven effective against various plant viruses. Beyond direct pathogen suppression, the chapter also explores the use of chloride salts for insect control, highlighting their potential against aphids, stable fly larvae, and termites by disrupting various aspects of their biology, from feeding behavior to social interactions. The review also addresses the role of chlorides in mitigating abiotic stressors such as drought and heat, notably the use of calcium chloride to alleviate heat stress through enhanced antioxidant activity and flavonoid biosynthesis. Furthermore, the potential of integrating chloride salts with other sustainable practices, such as combining them with beneficial microorganisms for enhanced disease control, is discussed. While acknowledging potential phytotoxic effects and the need for careful management of sodium chloride due to salinity risks, this review emphasizes the importance of optimized application strategies tailored to specific pathosystems and environmental conditions. This integrated approach, combined with the relative cost-effectiveness and lower environmental impact of chloride salts compared with many synthetic pesticides, offers promising avenues for developing sustainable and resilient agricultural practices. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
Citation - Scopus: 1
A new host for Fusarium algeriense causing crown and root rot on barley in Kyrgyzstan
(Wiley Online Library, 2022) Zholdoshbekova S; Bozoğlu T.; Erper I.; Derviş, S.; Özer, G.
After maize, wheat and rice, barley is the most widely planted and economically important cereal crop in the Kyrgyzstan’s highlands (Usubaliev et al., 2013) and worldwide. In two barley fields in the Manas district of Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan, diseased plants exhibiting crown and root rot, stunting and brown discolouration on internodes were observed in 2020. Disease incidence was approximately 5% in the two fields.
Nonlinear Modeling of Temperature-Driven Mycelial Growth Reveals Divergent Thermal Niches in Multinucleate and Binucleate Rhizoctonia Isolates
(American Chemical Society, 2025) Türkkan, M.; Özer, G.; Derviş, S.
Temperature fundamentally governs fungal growth and pathogenic potential, yet conventional polynomial approaches often produce biologically unrealistic cardinal temperature estimates. Robust thermal performance characterization is crucial for disease risk prediction and elucidating the ecological adaptations of Rhizoctonia spp., a soilborne pathogen of substantial economic and ecological significance. We conducted a systematic comparison of 11 nonlinear regression frameworks to describe temperature-dependent mycelial growth dynamics across 17 isolates, encompassing 11 binucleate (BN) Rhizoctonia and six multinucleate (MN) R. solani anastomosis groups (AGs). We evaluated model performance using a multicriteria approach that combined goodness-of-fit statistics (adjusted R2, RMSE, SE) with information-theoretic measures (AICc, Akaike weights ωi). No single model proved universally superior. However, asymmetric models consistently outperformed symmetric ones in capturing nonlinear thermal responses. Thermal characterization using the best-fit models revealed divergent ecological strategies: BN Rhizoctonia isolates showed broad thermal tolerance ranges (base temperature, Tb: 5.43–13.86 °C; optimal temperature, Topt: 19.42–31.03 °C), indicative of generalist adaptation. Conversely, MN R. solani isolates exhibited restricted, elevated-temperature preferences (Tb: 7.18–15.47 °C; Topt: 24.70–28.39 °C), reflecting a specialized, highly aggressive pathogenic phenotype. Bootstrap resampling (n = 1,000) confirmed overwhelming statistical significance for all cardinal parameters (p < 10–9), with optimal temperatures exhibiting the highest precision (median SE = 0.28 °C). Our findings highlight the value of nonlinear, biologically grounded models─notably Segmented and Weibull formulations─for resolving thermal growth kinetics in Rhizoctonia spp. The multicriteria model selection strategy we present has wide-ranging applicability to ecophysiological investigations and facilitates climate-adaptive approaches to disease forecasting and integrated management. © 2025 American Chemical Society
Citation - Scopus: 5
First Report of Phytopythium Litorale Causing Root Rot of Apple in Turkey
(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2020) Türkölmez, Ş.; Özer, G.; Derviş, S.; Çiftçi, O.; Mert, F.