Temel Tıp Bilimleri Bölümü
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Article Response of Zinc Levels During Aerobic Exercise: A Special Connection between Increased Metabolic Stress and Altered Oxidant to Antioxidant Balance(Anatolia Sport Research, 2022) Kaya,Hüsamettin; Uğraş, Seda; Özdenk, ÇağrıABSTRACT Aim: It was aimed to evaluate aerobic exercise induced metabolic stress on plasma zinc levels and its connection with oxidant antioxidant status. Material and Method: Thirty sedentary male performed a 45 minutes of running exercise at the work load correspond to lactate threshold reflecting moderate aerobic intensity. Blood samples were taken before and after exercise. Plasma zinc, malondialdehyde (MDA), total oxidant status (TOS) and total antioxidant status (TAS) were measured using HPLC and ELISA kits. Results: Exercise resulted significant decreases in zinc levels which is closely associated with increased TOS and MDA levels. Conclusion: Zinc shows great influence on aerobic exercise induced increased metabolic stress as indicated with significant alteration in TOS, TAS and MDA levels. Thus zinc supplement should be considered during long period high intensity exercise to support muscle damaged. Keywords: Exercise, Zinc, Oxidative stress, TAS, TOS ÖZET Amaç: Aerobik egzersize bağlı metabolik stresin plazma çinko düzeyleri ve oksidan antioksidan durumu ile ilişkisinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlandı. Gereç ve Yöntem: Otuz sedanter erkek, orta derecede aerobik yoğunluğu yansıtan laktat eşiğine karşılık gelen iş yükünde 45 dakikalık koşu egzersizi yaptı. Egzersiz öncesi ve sonrası kan örnekleri alındı. Plazma çinko, malondialdehit (MDA), toplam oksidan durumu (TOS) ve toplam antioksidan durumu (TAS), HPLC ve ELISA kitleri kullanılarak ölçüldü. Bulgular: Egzersiz, artan TOS ve MDA seviyeleri ile yakından ilişkili olan çinko seviyelerinde önemli düşüşlere neden oldu. Sonuç: Çinko, TOS, TAS ve MDA düzeylerinde önemli değişiklik ile belirtildiği gibi, aerobik egzersizin neden olduğu artan metabolik stres üzerinde büyük bir etki göstermektedir. Bu nedenle, uzun süreli yüksek yoğunluklu egzersiz sırasında hasarlı kasları desteklemek için çinko takviyesi düşünülmelidir.Book Article Thiol–disulfide balance and trace element levels in patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis(African Health Sciences, 2022) Savas, Hasan Basri; Gunizi, HuseyinAbstract Background: The prevalence of allergic diseases is gradually increasing worldwide. The most common such allergic disease is allergic rhinitis (AR). Objective: The present study investigated the possible relationship between seasonal AR and the thiol-disulfide balance and zinc and copper levels in adult individuals. Study Design and Methods: 130 male and female adults were included in the study. The participants’ serum thiol-disulfide balance and zinc and copper levels were measured spectrophotometrically using commercial kits. Statistical significance was accepted as p < 0.05 between the groups. Results: The serum copper (p = 0.001), native thiol (p = 0.006), reduced thiol (p < 0.001), and thiol oxidation reduction ratio (p < 0.001) levels were significantly lower in the seasonal AR group than in the control group. Conclusion: In AR patients, the low level of copper, which is an important trace element, the deterioration of the thiol-disulfide balance, which represents a unique indicator of the oxidant-antioxidant balance, the increased disulfide level caused by oxidative stress, and the decreased native thiol level can all serve as important biochemical markers.Article Detection of Human Brucellosis by Brucellacapt and Rose Bengal Test in the Endemic Area(Fazile Nur Ekinci Akdemir, 2023) Aydın, Elif; Dicle, Yalçın; Kaçtaş, Şerif; Gümüş, Ali FurkanAbstract: Although brucellosis is the most common zoonosis in the world, it remains an infectious disease that has not received sufficient attention. There are a few tests detecting brucellosis by serum. Rose Bengal Test is an advantageous one. Our aim with this study was to compare Rose Bengal and Brucellacapt tests in serum samples and draw attention to the advantages of the test. Between June 2019 and June 2021, 7827 serum samples sent to the public health laboratory with a provisional diagnosis of brucellosis were evaluated. The Rose Bengal and Brucellacapt test (Vircell, Spain) was used to diagnose infection. Samples with antibody titer ≥1/160 were considered positive. Of the 7827 samples included in the study, 354 (4.6%) of the total 7677 serum samples tested were RBT positive, 118 (3.1%) of the 3776 samples tested were BCAP positive, and 118 (3.3%) of the 3626 samples tested were both RBT and BCAP positive. It was found that seropositivity was significantly higher in female patients (p<0.10). RBT and BCAP test positivity were most frequently observed in the 25-34 year age group. Considering brucellosis cases in terms of seasonal changes; 10.7% of cases were found in spring, 52.4% in summer, 20.9% in fall, and 16% in winter. In suspected cases, RBT is still considered the ideal detection method because it is easy to use, inexpensive, sensitive, and provides rapid results. It was concluded that the BCAP test is suitable for diagnosis due to its ability to detect blocker and high titer antibodies.Article The Oxidative and Anti-Angiogenic Effects of Acrylamide in Chorioallantoic Membrane Model(Akdeniz Üniversitesi, 2023)Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is a flavor-enhancing food additive. MSG exposure is rising day by day because of the high commercial food consumption. MSG exposure causes damage to various tissues and organs. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of MSG on angiogenesis and oxidant-antioxidant balance. Three different concentrations of MSG (10-4 M, 10-5 M, and 10-6 M), control, and the bevacizumab (10-6 M) were prepared and placed on the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) of the embryos. Albumen was taken from the embryos before and after the experiment. Angiogenesis was investigated through the window that was opened on the eggshell. Angiogenesis was found to be normal in the control and 10-6 M MSG group (average score: 0.3). Anti-angiogenic effects were moderate in the 10-5 M MSG group (average score: 0.5) and in the 10-4 M MSG group (average score: 0.7), and strong in the bevacizumab group (average score: 1.1). According to our results, MSG shows anti-angiogenic properties in higher doses. MSG increased oxidative stress. According to the results of our research, it is seen that MSG inhibits angiogenesis in a dose-dependent manner in the CAM model and may cause an increase in oxidative damage by disrupting the oxidant-antioxidant balance. Since no previous study has been found in the literature regarding the effects of MSG on angiogenesis and oxidant-antioxidant balance in the CAM model, we think our results will fill an important gap in the literature.Article Ameloriate Effect of Glucose Monohydrate on Nicotine Sulfate-induced Toxicity and Teratogenicity in Xenopus embryos: an Experimental Study(Koszalin University of Technology, 2023) Pekmezekmek, Ayper Boğa; Emre, Mustafa; Tunç, Erdal; Sertdemir, YaşarIt is well documented that nicotine causes low birth weight, preterm birth, pregnancy difficulties, lower fertility, inhibition of spermatogenesis, and decreased steroidogenesis and potassium channels conductance of Xenopus oocytes. Lung cancer is the most well-known adverse impact of nicotine. This work used a 96-hour FETAX test to examine how concurrent administration of glucose monohydrate modifies the effects of exposure to nicotine, nicotine sulfate, and/or glucose on ion channels and membrane potential in Xenopus leavis embryos at an early stage of development. In-vitro fertilised embryos were treated with nicotine and glucose alone or in combination for this aim, and the effects of those treatments were then assessed for potential teratogenic effects. At the conclusion of the FETAX technique, the ratios of healthy, abnormal, and dead embryos were calculated, and the length of embryos in each treatment group was assessed. The ratios of abnormal and dead embryos were considerably higher with nicotine treatment alone compared to controls. Compared to the results of the nicotine-alone treatment group, the ratio of aberrant embryos was marginally reduced by concurrent glucose and nicotine therapy. In contrast, the ratio of normal embryos was raised. Additionally, treatments with glucose, nicotine, and Nic+Glu significantly altered the resting membrane potentials of fertilised oocytes (p < 0.001). Our findings indicated that the simultaneous treatment groups that also received glucose had a protective impact on embryos. Such structured, more sophisticated research is required to confirm these findings.Article The protective role of selenium in an experimental high fructose corn syrup exposure.(Modestum, 2023)Objective: Nowadays, fructose is recognized as a significant health threat. Prepared foods containing fructose are consumed more because they do not create a feeling of satiety. Selenium is an essential trace element with antioxidant and cell protective properties. In this study, the effect of high fructose corn syrup, which is used as a sweetener in many foods and beverages and consumed during pregnancy, and the possible protective role of selenium in this effect were investigated and examined. Methods: Fertilized specific pathogen-free eggs were used in our study. These eggs were divided equally into four groups. Each group was allocated 10 eggs containing viable embryos. These groups are pre-process control, post-process control, high fructose corn syrup (HFCS55), and high fructose corn syrup and selenium (HFCS-55+Se 10-6 ) groups. Pellets containing and containing no active substance (HFCS-55, HFCS-55+Se 10-6 ) were carefully placed on the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) of each egg in these groups. Oxidative stress status in all groups was determined by total oxidative stress (TOS) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) methods. Results: In our study, a significant increase in TOS levels and a significant decrease in TAC levels were observed in egg groups given HFCS compared to other groups (p<0.05). The OSI value was shown to be lower in the group given HFCS+Se. Conclusion: As a result, HFCS was shown to increase oxidative stress. In line with our data, it has been shown that Se, plays a protective role against oxidative stress.Article Evaluation of the pleth variability index, perfusion index, and other physiological parameters after COVID-19(Verduci Editore srl, 2023) Gökdemir, Gül ŞahikaObjective: The aim of this study was to observe the changes in pleth variability index (PVI), perfusion index (PI) and other hemodynamic parameters in adult individuals who had had Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and were currently living a normal life. A further aim was to draw attention to the fact that some hemodynamic changes after COVID-19 may cause long-term health problems. Patients and methods: A total of 174 adult individuals who had had COVID-19 and were currently living a normal life and 56 healthy individuals with similar demographic characteristics who had not had COVID-19 were included in the study. The PI, PVI, oxygen saturation (SpO2), pulse rate (PR), total hemoglobin (Hgb), oxygen reserve index (ORI), and blood pressure values were measured by Masimo Radical 7. The data of individuals who had and did not have COVID-19 before were compared. Results: The mean PVI (p = 0.008) and PI (p < 0.001) were significantly lower in people who had been exposed to COVID-19. Likewise, the mean of ORI, SpO2, and SpOC values was observed to be significantly lower in participants exposed to COVID-19 disease (p < 0.001, p < 0.001, and p = 0.006, respectively). The PVI had a positive correlation with body mass index (BMI) (r = 0.263, p < 0.001) and a negative correlation with SpO2 (r = -0.194, p = 0.003) and PR (r = 0.190, p = 0.004). Conclusions: The PVI, PI, and other physiological parameters could potentially be useful for monitoring COVID-19 patients and evaluating their response to therapy. We believe that people who have been exposed to COVID-19 may be more susceptible to other diseases; therefore, they should be subjected to regular clinical checks.Article Retrospective Evaluation of Tularemia Cases in Muş Province: 2011-2022(Mardin Artuklu University, 2023) Dicle, Yalçın; Aydın, Elif; Şen Gündoğan, Nesibe Efruz; YalçınObjective: Tularemia is a bacterial disease of humans, wild and domestic animals. Recently, an increase in human tularemia cases has been observed in many countries worldwide. This study aimed to calculate the incidence of tularemia cases in Muş, determine the seasonal distribution of cases, and describe the socio demographic and clinical characteristics of tularemia cases detected over a twelve-year period. Methods: Data from 162 patients diagnosed clinically and serologically with tularemia and admitted to health facilities in Muş province between 2011 and 2022 were retrospectively analysed. Results: In our study, among 162 tularemia patients with F. tularensis microagglutination test titres of 1/160 and above, the ratio of male and female cases was equal (50%), and the mean age was 24.51 years. In the twelve-year evaluation, there were two major epidemics, and the most cases were seen in 2018 with 37 cases. Most cases were observed in winter (38.3%) and autumn (25.3%). Oropharyngeal tularemia was the most common form (64.2%) among the cases evaluated. Similar disease was found in 33.3% of patients living in the same neighbourhood as the patients, and no mortality was observed in any of the patients. Conclusion: As the oropharyngeal form is the most common, contact with contaminated water should be questioned, rodent and tick populations should be monitored and detailed epidemiological studies should be conducted. We believe that hygiene and sanitation measures are important with regard to tularemia outbreaks.Article Is There a Relationship Between First-Trimester Aneuploidy Screening Serum Biomarker Values and Nuchal Translucency Measurements and the Development of Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP) in Premature Infants?(Nature, 2023)Abstract Purpose The purpose of this study is the evaluation of serum biomarker and nuchal translucency (NT) values measured during first-trimester aneuploidy screening in terms of the development of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in premature infants and investigation of whether the development of ROP is associated with these parameters. Methods In this retrospective cohort study, 3,750 premature infants who underwent ROP screening from 2016 to 2021 were identified from the hospital medical record system. Among 2,130 premature babies screened for firsttrimester aneuploidy, 166 babies whose mothers had single pregnancies were screened by the same method and showed the same clinical course in both eyes were included in the study. The infants were divided into two groups according to the presence of ROP, and those with ROP were further evaluated in two groups according to the presence of proliferation. The groups were compared in terms of the serum values of human chorionic gonadotropin and pregnancy-associated plasma protein A, among aneuploidy screening biomarkers, and NT measurements. Results There was no significant difference in the evaluated serum biomarker values and NT measurements between the ROP and non-ROP groups or between the proliferative ROP, non-proliferative ROP, and non-ROP groups. Conclusion Our results showed that first-trimester aneuploidy screening serum biomarker values and NT measurements were not associated with the development of ROP in premature infants.Article Anti-angiogenic and oxidative effects of brilliant blue at different concentrations in chorioallantoic membrane model(Modestum, 2023)Introduction: Artificial food colorings are increasingly used to make the color and appearance of foods more attractive. One commonly used food dye is E133, international-coded brilliant blue (BB). According to the European Food Safety Authority panel results in 2010, it was determined that BB daily remained below the acceptable daily intake (ADI) value for adults and exceeded ADI value for children. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of BB on angiogenesis and oxidative stress in the chorioallantoic membrane model. Materials & methods: In this investigation, fertilized chick eggs free of specific pathogens were used. The eggs that were not fully grown or fertilized were excluded. 50 embryos were distributed into five groups of 10 each. The negative control group was the control group, the positive control group was the bevacizumab group, and three different BB dosages (10-4 M, 10-5 M, and 10-6 M) were identified. At the end of the experiment, anti-angiogenesis scoring, and total antioxidant-oxidant capacity were evaluated. Results: According to the average score values, the control group had no anti-angiogenic impact, but the bevacizumab group had a strong anti-angiogenic effect (average score 1.1). Furthermore, the 10-4 M BB group had a weak anti-angiogenic impact (average score of 0.7), while the 10-5 M and 10-6 M BB groups had no anti-angiogenic effect (average score of 0.4 and 0.2, respectively). As a result of one-way analysis of variance test, it was seen that BB significantly increased total oxidant capacity and oxidative stress index values in proportion to the increase in dose (p<0.05). Conclusions: BB’s oxidant and anti-angiogenic effects indicate that high doses of processed foods containing artificial food dyes carry a risk for viable growth. Since there are not enough studies in the literature showing the oxidant or antiangiogenic effects of BB in chorioallantoic membrane model, the original data we presented in this study are pioneering.Article Anti-Angiogenic and Oxidant Effects of Monosodium Glutamate at Different Concentrations in Chorioallantoic Membrane Model(Muğla Sıtkı Koçman Üniversitesi, 2023)Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is a flavor-enhancing food additive. MSG exposure is rising day by day because of the high commercial food consumption. MSG exposure causes damage to various tissues and organs. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of MSG on angiogenesis and oxidant-antioxidant balance. Three different concentrations of MSG (10-4 M, 10-5 M, and 10-6 M), control, and the bevacizumab (10-6 M) were prepared and placed on the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) of the embryos. Albumen was taken from the embryos before and after the experiment. Angiogenesis was investigated through the window that was opened on the eggshell. Angiogenesis was found to be normal in the control and 10-6 M MSG group (average score: 0.3). Anti-angiogenic effects were moderate in the 10-5 M MSG group (average score: 0.5) and in the 10-4 M MSG group (average score: 0.7), and strong in the bevacizumab group (average score: 1.1). According to our results, MSG shows anti-angiogenic properties in higher doses. MSG increased oxidative stress. According to the results of our research, it is seen that MSG inhibits angiogenesis in a dose-dependent manner in the CAM model and may cause an increase in oxidative damage by disrupting the oxidant-antioxidant balance. Since no previous study has been found in the literature regarding the effects of MSG on angiogenesis and oxidant-antioxidant balance in the CAM model, we think our results will fill an important gap in the literature.Article Bir Flavonoid Olan Gossypin'in, Standard Bakteri ve Maya Suşları Üzerindeki Antibakteriyel, Antifungal, Antibiyofilm, Antiadherent ve Antiinvazif Aktivitelerinin İn vitro Olarak Araştırılması(Dicle Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, 2023) Karameşe, Murat; Çınar, İrfan; Özgür, Didem; Dicle, Yalçın; YalçınAmaç: Planlanan çalışmamızda Hibiscus vitofolius isimli bitkinin majör komponentlerinden biri olan gossypin isimli etken maddenin mikroorganizmalar ve onların virülans özellikleri (biyofilm oluşturma, adezyon ve invazyon yeteneği gibi) üzerine olan etkilerinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Yöntemler: Çalışmamızda, gossypin isimli maddenin 5 farklı türdeki mikroorganizmalar (2 gram pozitif bakteri, 2 gram negatif bakteri ve 1 maya) üzerine olan antibakteriyel ve antifungal etkinlikleri bir mikrodilüsyon yöntemi olan Sıvı Mikrodilüsyon Yöntemi (SMD) ile tespit edilmiştir. Ardından, biyofilm oluşumu; kristal viyole ve MTT testleri uygulanmıştır. Gossypin’in antibiyofilm aktivitesi mikroplaka yöntemi ile tespit edilip, MTT deneyleri ile doğrulanmıştır. Son olarak ise, gossypin’in antiinvazif etkinliğini ölçmek amacıyla Adherent-Invasive Escherichia coli bakterisi ile Caco-2 insan kolon hücreleri enfekte edilerek, AEIC suşunun invazyonu indüklenmiş ve etken maddenin invazyon üzerine olan inhibe edici etkisi araştırılmıştır. Sonuç: Elde edilen sonuçlara göre, gossypin’in doza bağlı olarak antibakteriyel, antifungal ve antibiyofilm etkinliği olduğu saptanmıştır (MİK değerleri 40-80 μg/ml arasındadır). Buna ilave olarak, gossypin dozuna bağlı olarak bakterilerin Caco-2 hücrelerine olan adezyon ve invazyon süreçleri üzerine etkili olduğu saptanmıştır. 160 μg/ml gossypin uygulaması bakteri adezyonunu %67 oranına kadar ve bakteri invazyonunu %38 oranına kadar düşürmektedir. Yapılan in-vitro çalışmalar sonucunda gossypin’in IC50 dozunun 28,20 μg/ml olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Tartışma: Elde edilen veriler, gossypin'in birden fazla antimikrobiyal aktiviteye sahip olduğunu ve bu etkilerin mekanizmalarının saptanması için gelecekte detaylı moleküler çalışmaların yapılması gerektiğini gösterdi.Article Normozoospermik Fertil Bireyler ile Oligozoospermik, Şiddetli-Oligozoospermik, Oligoastenozoospermik, Azoospermik ve İdiyopatik Bireylerde Natural Killer Hücre Aktivitesinin Araştırılması(Mardin Artuklu Üniversitesi, 2023) Özmen, Mehmet Ferit; Afşin, Muhammet; Şeker, Uğur; Yavuz, Dilek; Bademkıran, Muhammed Hanifi; Yıldırım, İbrahim Halil; Cirit, ÜmütGiriş: İnfertilite çiftleri ve toplumu birçok açıdan olumsuz etkileyen ve gittikçe yaygınlaşan bir sağlık problemidir. Bu problemlerin %30-40’ının erkek kaynaklı olduğu tahmin edilmektedir. Amaç: Farklı derecelerde infertilite problemi olan erkek bireyler ile normal sperm sayısı ve konsantrasyonuna sahip bireylerde (normozoospermi) doğal öldürücü (Natural Killer: NK) hücre aktivitesinin değişip değişmediğinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Sperma analizleri sonucu oligozoospermi, şiddetli-oligozoospermi, oligoastenoozospermi, azoospermi ve idiopatik olduğu belirlenen bireyler ile normozoospermi teşhisi konan bireylerden (n:120) alınan kan numunelerinden NK hücre aktiviteleri ölçüldü. Bulgular: Yapılan ölçümler sonucunda normozoospermi grubu en düşük değer (544.46 pg/ml) alırken şiddetli oligozoospermi grubundan en yüksek değer (1005.90 pg/ml) alınmıştır. NK hücre aktivitesi ise oligozoospermi, oligoastenozoospermi, azoospermi ve idiyopatik gruplarda sırasıyla 797.60 ± 428.55 pg/ml, 905.34 ± 430.60 pg/ml, 757.66 ± 541.16 pg/ml ve 639.44 ± 385.50 pg/ml olarak ölçüldü. Şiddetli oligozoospermi grubu ile diğer gruplar arasında NK aktivitesi farkı önemli (p<0.05) bulunurken diğer gruplar arasındaki farklar önemli bulunmamıştır (p >0.05). Sonuç: İnfertilite derecesi şiddetli oligozoospermi olan bireylerde NK hücre aktivitesinin normozoospermi, oligozoospermi, oligoastenozoospermi, azoospermi ve idiopatik gruplarından daha yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir.Article Anti-angiogenic and oxidative effects of sodium benzoate at different concentrations in chorioallantoic membrane model.(Modestum, 2023)Aim: Due to the increased consumption of packaged foods, exposure to food additives is also increasing. Sodium benzoate (SB), a frequently used food additive, is generally used in alcoholic beverages, fruit, and vegetable juices, carbonated soft drinks, canned food, and various sauces. It is used to inhibit the formation of mold, yeast, and bacteria. This study was carried out to investigate the effects of SB exposure on angiogenesis and oxidant-antioxidant balance. Materials & methods: Three different concentrations of SB, bevacizumab, and empty pellets were prepared, placed on chorioallantoic membrane (CAM), and examined for antiangiogenesis. Total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and total oxidant capacity (TOC) measurements were made in the albumen samples, and oxidative stress index (OSI) value was calculated. Results: The control group had no anti-angiogenic effect, but the bevacizumab group had a strong anti-angiogenic effect.10-3 M SB had a weak anti-angiogenic effect, but 10-4 M SB and 10-5 M SB showed no anti-angiogenic effect. TOC levels increased with SB in a dose-dependent manner. TAC levels decreased depending on the dose in the experimental groups with SB application. OSI levels increased depending on the dose increase in SB. Conclusions: SB exposure caused a dose-dependent increase in oxidative stress and antiangiogenic effect in CAM model.Article Case report: physical therapy and rehabilitation process of a patient diagnosed with achondroplasia(Journal of Medical Topics and Updates, 2023) Canbay Durmaz, Sevda; Güven, Ümran; Canbay, Ali; Özbağ, Davut; solgun Dağ, SelmaAchondroplasia is an autosomal dominant disorder. But 80% of cases are sporadic. Its incidence is between 1/25000 and 1.5/10000. Significant shortening of the femur and humerus occurs in patients with achondroplasia. This shortness causes the appearance of rhizomelic type of dwarfism. Since the skull of patients with achondroplasia is large during delivery, it may cause difficult delivery. During infancy, hypotonia is more dominant. Many patients also have delayed motor development. Our aim in the study is to present the successful physical therapy and rehabilitation process of our patient diagnosed with achondroplasia for one year and her condition from diagnosis to treatment. Our patient was born via cesarean section on 12.02.2020. The weight of the baby girl was 3500 grams. The mother's height was 162 cm. and the father's height was 174 cm. The mother was 23 years old and the father 27 years old. The same diagnosis was not present in any living relative of the patient. The patient was 1 year old when she applied to our center. She had completed head control and had not yet acquired the skills of rolling over, crawling, and sitting without support. Gross motor skills such as assisted standing and stepping were not developed. In this direction, after a 1-year physical therapy and rehabilitation period applied in 2 sessions a week, the patient gained the ability to walk independently.Article The effect of radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation on rat liver tissue and serum paraoxonase (PON1)(Annals of Medical Research, 2023) Yavaş, Mehmet Cihan; Kilitçi, AsumanAim: The development of technology increases the rate of everyone having a smartphone. Therefore, the possible biological effects of these devices are of concern. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of 2100 MHz radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation on rat liver tissue and serum paraoxonase 1 level. Materials and Methods: Within the scope of the study, a 2100 MHz radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation model was created. In our study, we used Sprague Dawley male rats. Two groups were made as sham-control and exposure group (5 h a day for 2 weeks). Liver tissue and serum paraoxonase were studied. Results: The paraoxonase 1 value of the exposure group was higher than the sham control group, and did not have statistically important difference in the comparison of exposure and sham control groups (p>0.05). Did not have important difference in histopathological parameters of rat liver tissue (p>0.05). Conclusion: Although it seems that radiofrequency radiation does not cause liver dam age, more detailed studies with short- and long-term exposure are neededArticle EFFECT OF METFORMIN ON MUSCLE ATROPHY IN EXPERIMENTAL DIABETIC RATS(2023) Gökdemir.Gül Şahika; Keşim, Dilek Aygül; Gökdemir, Mehmet Tahir; Baylan,MukadderBackground: Although first-line biguanide metformin is frequently administered to T2DM patients, the effects of long-term use on muscle are unknown. This study aimed to examine the effect of metformin-treated diabetes on muscle atrophy in experimental diabetic rats. Materials and methods: Twenty-one Wistar albino male rats in 3 groups were included in our research. Insulin resistance HOMA-IR, mTOR, and Myostatin levels and gastrocnemius weight were measured. Results: Myostatin level was significantly higher in the non-medicated diabetes group than in the healthy control group (p<0.001). Moreover, myostatin level was significantly lower in the metformin group (p=0.001). The weight of gastrocnemius was significantly lower in both the metformin-treated and non-metformin-treated diabetic groups compared to the control group (p<0.001 for both groups). Moreover, the gastrocnemius weight was significantly higher in the metformin group than in the non-medicated group (p=0.004). The HOME-IR level had a significantly negative correlation with the mTOR level (R=-0.783; P<0.001) and a positive correlation with the myostatin level (R=0.622; P=0.003). Conclusion: Our evidence and data support that metformin may be effective in preventing muscle wasting. To conclude, this study showed that metformin has anti-atrophic effects on muscles in diabetes and that metformin can prevent muscle mass loss.Book Article Clınıcal Sıgnıfıcance of HDL-C Values And Routıne Parameters Of Inflammatıon Such As Hs-Crp, Lenfocyte And Neutrofıl Ratıos In Covıd-19 Patıents(İZMİR ATATÜRK EĞİTİM HASTANESİ TIP DERGİSİ, 2023) Gökdemir, Gül Şahika; Nas, CemalObjective: The study aimed to evaluate the prognostic significance of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels, alongside markers including the neutrophil/HDL-C ratio (NHR) and lymphocyte/HDL-C ratio (LHR), on the mortality of COVID-19 patients. It also examined the potential clinical application of these biomarkers in the management of future healthcare crises, despite the end of the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and Methods: Patients diagnosed with COVID-19 were retrospectively analysed between March 2020 and August 2022. A total of 367 patients were categorised into two groups: survivors (group 2) and non-survivors (group 1). Patient demographics, biochemical and haematological parameters obtained from blood samples, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), monocyte/HDL-C ratio (MHR), NHR, LHR, platelet/HDL-C ratio (PHR) were calculated. Patient data were analysed using SPSS 26 and statistical differences of P<0.05 were considered significant. Results: Among the patients analyzed in the study, the living group constituted 89.9% of individuals, while the deceased group represented 10.1%. The neutrophil levels were significantly higher in the deceased group, and NLR and NHR values were statistically significant (P<0.001 and P=0.001, respectively). There was no significant difference in HDL-C levels. Moreover, no significant differences in LHR, MHR, and PHR levels were observed between groups. The hs-CRP levels were significantly higher in the deceased (P<0.001). Correlation analysis indicated a negative correlation between HDL-C and LHR and NHR, and significant correlations were found for other markers. ROC analysis showed that LHR and NHR were significant in discriminating deceased patients. Conclusion: Biochemical and haematological parameters, especially markers such as NLR and NHR, can potentially be used to assess the risk of death in COVID-19 patients. These markers may be valuable in predicting the prognosis of patients and could be used in future similar health crises.
