Tıp Fakültesi

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An Examination of the Effects of Propolis and Quercetin in a Rat Model of Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy
(Mdpi, 2024) Şeker, Uğur; Celik, Hakim; Dagli, Seyda Nur; Taskin, Seyhan; Seker, Ugur; Deniz, Mustafa
The purpose of this study was to reveal the combined effects of propolis (P) and quercetin (Q) against diabetic peripheral neuropathy developing with streptozotocin-induced diabetes in rats. Sixty-four adult male rats were divided into eight equal groups: control, P (100 mg/kg/day), Q (100 mg/kg/day), P + Q (100 mg/day for both), diabetes mellitus (DM) (single-dose 60 mg/kg streptozotocin), DM + P, DM + Q, and DM + P + Q. The rats were sacrificed, and blood and sciatic nerve tissues were collected. Blood glucose and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels increased, while IL-6 and total antioxidant status decreased in the DM group (p = 0.016 and p = 0.047, respectively). Ultrastructural findings showed degeneration of the axon and myelin sheath. The apoptotic index (AI %), TNF-alpha, and IL-1 beta immunopositivity increased significantly in the DM group (p < 0.001). Morphological structures approaching those of the controls were observed in the DM + P, DM + Q, and DM + P + Q groups. Morphometric measurements increased markedly in all treatment groups (p < 0.001), while blood glucose and MDA levels, AI (%), TNF-alpha, and IL-1 beta immunopositivity decreased. In conclusion, the combined effects of propolis and quercetin in diabetic neuropathy may provide optimal morphological protection with neuroprotective effects by reducing hyperglycemia, and these may represent a key alternative supplement in regenerative medicine.
Biosensors for the Detection of Pathogenic Bacteria: Current Status and Future Perspectives
(Taylor and Francis Ltd., 2024) Dicle, Yalçın; Karamese, M.
Pathogenic microorganisms pose significant threats to human health, food safety and environmental integrity. Rapid and accurate detection of these pathogens is essential to mitigate their impact. Fast, sensitive detection methods such as biosensors also play a critical role in preventing outbreaks and controlling their spread. In recent years, biosensors have emerged as a revolutionary technology for pathogen detection. This review aims to present the current developments in biosensor technology, investigate the methods by which these developments are used in the detection of pathogenic bacteria and highlight future perspectives on the subject. © 2024 Expert Publishing Medicine Ltd trading as Taylor & Francis.
Bronchiectasis in Türkiye: Data from a Multicenter Registry (Turkish Adult Bronchiectasis Database)
(Galenos Publ House, 2024) Kabak, Mehmet; Cilli, Aykut; Kızılırmak, Deniz; Coşkun, Ayşın Şakar; Güler, Nurcan; Çiçek, Sedat; Researchers, Tebveb
Background: Bronchiectasis is a chronic lung disease characterized by permanent bronchial wall dilatation. Although it has been known as an orphan disease, it has recently gained attention because of registry-based studies and drug research. Aims: We aimed to use a multicenter database to analyze and compare data regarding the etiology, associated comorbidities, microbiological characteristics, and preventive strategies of bronchiectasis in Türkiye to those of other countries. Study Design: A multicenter prospective cohort study. Methods: The multicenter, prospective cohort study was conducted between March 2019 and January 2022 using the Turkish Adult Bronchiectasis Database, in which 25 centers in Türkiye participated. Patients aged > 18 years who presented with respiratory symptoms such as cough, sputum, and dyspnea and were diagnosed with non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis using computed tomography were included in the study. Demographic information, etiologies, comorbidities, pulmonary functions, and microbiological, radiological, and clinical data were collected from the patients. Results: Of the 1,035 study participants, 518 (50%) were females. The mean age of the patients was 56.1 ± 16.1 years. The underlying etiology was detected in 565 (54.6%) patients. While postinfectious origin was the most common cause of bronchiectasis (39.5%), tuberculosis was identified in 11.3% of the patients. An additional comorbidity was detected in 688 (66.5%) patients. The most common comorbidity was cardiovascular disease, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and bronchiectasis was identified in 19.5% of the patients. The most commonly detected microbiological agent was Pseudomonas aeruginosa (29.4%). Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) were used in 70.1% of the patients, and the frequency of exacerbations in the last year was significantly higher in patients using ICS than in nonusers (p < 0.0001). Age [odds ratio (OR): 1.028; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.005-1.051], cachexia (OR: 4.774; 95% CI: 2,054-11,097), high modified medical research council dyspnea scale score (OR: 1,952; 95% CI: 1,459-2,611), presence of chronic renal failure (OR: 4,172; 95% CI: 1,249-13,938) and use of inhaled steroids (OR: 2,587; 95% CI: 1,098-6,098) were significant risk factors for mortality. Mortality rates were higher in patients with COPD than in those with no COPD (21.7-9.1%, p = 0.016). Patients with bronchiectasis and COPD exhibited more frequent exacerbations, exacerbation-related hospitalizations, and hospitalization in the intensive care unit in the previous year than patients without COPD. Conclusion: This is the first multicenter study of bronchiectasis in Türkiye. The study results will provide important data that can guide the development of health policies in Türkiye on issues such as infection control, vaccination, and the unnecessary use of antibiotics and steroids.
Effectiveness of Valproic Acid in the Treatment of Sydenham's Chorea and a Literature Review
(Sage Publications inc, 2024) Özgün, Nezir; Akdeniz, Osman
There is still no evidence-based guideline and consensus on the treatment Sydenham's Chorea (SC). The first-line medication preference of specialists depends on personal experience and is variable. In this study, we evaluate the treatment results of pediatric patients who were treated with valproic acid (VPA). The medical records of 17 patients diagnosed with SC were reviewed retrospectively. The mean time to clinical improvement was found as approximately 5 days, the mean duration of remission as 13.60 & PLUSMN; 3.94 weeks and the mean duration of medication use was found as 17.96 & PLUSMN; 3.81 weeks. No side effects were observed in any of the patients and relapse occurred in 2 patients. A positive correlation was found between the initial C-reactive protein (CRP) level and the duration of medication use. Until evidence-based guidelines are established, VPA can be used as an effective, safe, and inexpensive first-line treatment option, especially in pediatric patients.
Our Treatment Experience in Poisoning With Calcium Channel Blockers: a Series of Twelve Cases
(Briefland, 2024) Talay, Mehmet Nur; Orhan, Ozhan; Ozbek, Mehmet Nuri; Kangin, Murat; Turanli, Ese Eda
Background: Intoxications with cardiovascular system drugs constitute a small percentage of all poisoning cases. Calcium Channel Blockers (CCBs) are the most common drug poisoning in this group. Objectives: We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of treatments for CCB poisoning and add to the current body of literature by outlining the clinical treatments we employ for bradyarrhythmia, hypotension, and resistant vasodilation resulting from CCB poisoning, as well as sharing our clinical insights in this field. Methods: Twelve patients, ranging in age from 1 month to 18 years, were admitted to the Tertiary Paediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) for treatment of medication poisoning related to the CCB group. Patients who ingested several drugs that caused CCB were not allowed to participate in the trial. Results: Twelve patients were followed up in the PICU due to poisoning with CCB group drugs. Of the patients, 7 were male and 5 were female. Five of the patients had taken CCB medication with the purpose of committing suicide, and 7 of them accidentally. All of the patients who received CCB to commit suicide had taken verapamil. Five patients whose hypotension and bradycardia continued were administered inotropes. In addition to PI, calcium gluconate, intravenous lipid, glucagon, insulin, bicarbonate, and methylene blue were given as therapy to our symptomatic patients. Plasmapheresis was applied to a patient who was hospitalized in the PICU due to a sudden loss of consciousness. Conclusions: In the management of patients with CCB poisoning, the use of hyperinsulinemia euglycemia, intravenous lipid emulsion treatment, glucagon treatments, and treatments including methylene blue and extracorporeal life support should be considered in cases of resistant hypotension, bradycardia, and coma in the early period.
Tek Akciğer Ventilasyonun Kognitif Fonksiyonlar Üzerine Etkisi: Kesitsel Araştırma
(Türkiye Klinikleri, 2023) Çelik, Enes; Çelik, Enes; Yıldırım, Zeynep Baysal; Kuyumcu, Mahır
Amaç: Postoperatif kognitif disfonksiyon (POKD), majör cer- rahi sonrası özellikle ileri ya ş olmak üzere tüm ya ş grubu hastalarda sıkça görülür ve aylarca sebat edebilir. Etiyolojisi multifaktöriyel ol- makla birlikte, serebral oksijen sunum ve tüketim dengesini etkileyen faktörler suçlanmaktadır. Bu nedenle hipoksi gibi ciddi komplikas- yonlarla seyredebilen tek akciğer ventilasyonu (TAV) uygulanan tora- sik cerrahi hastalar ında POKD’yi mini-mental durum testi ile değerlendirerek hastalarda POKD’nin de ğerlendirilmesi amaçlandı. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu çalışmaya 20 yaş ve 72 yaş arası, torasik cer- rahide TAV adayı hastalar dâhil edildi. Anestezi protokolü tüm hasta- larda aynı şekilde uygulandı. Kognitif değerlendirme operasyondan 1 gün önce, operasyondan 1 ve 3 gün sonra yap ıldı. Bu amaçla Mini- Mental Durum De ğerlendirme Testi kullan ıldı. Bulgular: Çalışmaya 30 hasta dâhil edildi. TAV uygulanan hastalar ın %26,6’sında POKD tespit edildi. Hastaların yapılan mini-mental durum değerlendirme testi, ameliyat öncesi ile ameliyat sonrası 1. gün ile 3. gün arasında kognitif disfonksiyon açısından fark tespit edildi. Ameliyat sonras ı 1. gün ile ameliyat sonrası 3. gün arasında fark tespit edilmemiştir. Sonuç: Toraks cerrahisinde TAV uygulanan hastalarda erken dönem kognitif dis- fonksiyon görülmektedir. Bunda cerrahi süre, anestetik ilaçlar, hastayla ilgili parametreler etkili olmakta olup, hastalar intaroperatif yakın takip edilmeli ve ameliyat sonrasında da hastalar kognitif fonksiyonları açı- sından yakından izlenmelidir.

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