Kızıltepe Meslek Yüksekokulu

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Amino Acid Profile, Nutrients Content and Yield of Chickpea (Cicer Arietinum L.) Genotypes
(Scibulcom Ltd., 2015) Dogan, Y.; Doğan, Yusuf
Chickpea has significant amounts of all the essential amino acids except sulphur-containing types. It was found that chickpea is a rich source of protein and minerals. The experiments were conducted in a Randomised Complete Block Design with three replications 2013 and 2014 years in South-Eastern Turkey. A total of fifteen varieties, lines and populations were used as materials. In the study were investigated different parameters such as amino acids of protein, seed yield, protein and fat rate in seed, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, manganese, zinc, copper and iron contents and of seeds. The essential amino acid leucine (8.43 mg/100 g in 2013 and 8.59 mg/100 g in 2014) was found in highest concentration, followed by lysine (7.14 mg/100 g in 2013 and 7.27 mg/100 g in 2014) and phenylalanine (5.99 mg/100 g in 2013 and 6.07 mg/100 g in 2014) in the chickpea. Mineral composition of chickpea genotypes showed that they contribute sufficient amount of Ca, P, K, Cu, Zn and Mg in human diets to meet the recommended dietary allowance. According to the average of two years, the highest grain yield was obtained from Diyar-95 variety with 1618 kg ha–1, the lowest grain yield was obtained from M-1 local population with 1104 kg ha–1. © 2015, Scibulcom Ltd. All rights reserved.
Characterization of Durum Wheat (triticum durum L.) Landraces Regarding To Some Agronomic Traits
(Univ Namik Kemal, 2023) Durmaz, Abdurrahman; Aktas, Husnu
This research was conducted in 2019-20 wheat growing season under rainfall condition of Mardin - Artuklu province. 80 durum wheat landraces originated from Southeast Anatolia and 10 registered durum wheat cultivars were evaluated according to Augmented Trail Design. 20 landraces and 10 cultivars were used for each bloc. We determined large variations in durum wheat landraces for observed traits. Results indicated that mean of observed traits of landraces and varieties were ranged between 229 kg/da - 371 kg/da for grain yield; 1313 kg/kg - 1218 kg/kg for biomass, 18.02 % - 14.94 % for grain protein content. Mean thousand kernel weight of landraces and standard varieties changed between 42.9 g and 40.15 g; heading days ranged from 117.8 to 111 days respectively. According to observed data, landraces had longer heading days and grain stage and also higher grain protein content and biomass compare to standard varieties. Results of this study showed that landraces has high potential to increase biomass and grain protein content and they can be used as a genitor in wheat breeding programs to improving desirable durum wheat genotypes. Observation according to GGE biplot methodology (which-wonwhere) indicated that ST8 (Check) and G80 (landrace) have high values for grain yield, number of seed pers spike, seed weight per spike while G8 (landrace) showed high values for thousand grain weight, length of peduncle, plant height, grain protein content, biomass and heading days. Obtained results from this study indicated that landraces should be preserved for sustainable agriculture activities specially for marginal areas, also they have high diversity and useful traits for national and international wheat breeding programs.
Determining Irrigation Scheduling and Different Manure Sources of Yield and Nutrition Content on Maize (Zea Mays L.) Cultivation
(Corvinus University of Budapest, 2019) Dogan, Y.; Togay, N.; Togay, Y.; Doğan, Yusuf
The aim of this study was to determine the most suitable irrigation schedules and sources of manure for maize under Mardin ecological conditions. For this purpose, four sources of fertilizer and three irrigation schedules were applied in hybrid maize cultivar to find out their effects on the yield and yield factors in the years of 2014 and 2015. The study used a randomized complete block with split block design with 3 replications. In the study, significant differences were determined on traits at the level of 1% and 5%. The plant height, first cob height, cob length, number of seeds per cob, cob yield, 1000 seed weight, seed yield per unit, hectoliter, protein and oil ratio in seed, Mg, K, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Mn, Na, Ca content of seeds were significantly influenced by irrigation schedules and sources of fertilizer for two years. The highest values were obtained from chicken manure with 9646 kg ha-1 in the first year and 11019 kg ha-1 in the second year, whereas the lowest values were obtained from control with 6363 and 6662 kg ha-1 for the first year and the second, respectively. But the difference between 180-80 kg N-P2O5 - ha-1 and chicken manure was not statistically significant in the second year. According to the irrigation schedules, the grain yield ranged between 6386-10678 kg/ha in the first year and 7575-12133 kg ha-1 in the second year. The lowest grain yield per area was from the four-irrigation application, whereas the highest values were obtained from the six-irrigation application. The results of the study showed that grain yield and nutrient level of corn seeds increased, depending on irrigation time and number. © 2019, ALÖKI Kft., Budapest, Hungary.
Diyarbakır Yöresindeki Bazı Tarım Topraklarının Hümik Asit İçerikleri ile Eser Elementler Arasındaki İlişkinin Çok Değişkenli İstatistiksel Yöntemlerle Değerlendirilmesi
(Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi, 2024) Düzgün, Mehmet; Eren, Abdullah; Bilge, Uğur; Ceylan, Ramazan; Selçuk, Ramazan; Düz, M. Zahir
Hümik asit (HA) ile topraktaki iz elementlerin biyoyarayışlılığı, reaksiyonları ve hareketliliği arasında önemli ilişkiler bulunmaktadır. Bu nedenle topraklar, HA uygulamalarıyla kimyasal, biyolojik ve fiziksel yönden iyileştirilmeye çalışılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Diyarbakır yöresinden 118 adet tarımsal toprak örneklerinin hümik asit içeriklerinin bazı iz elementlerle (Al, As, Ba, Be, Cd, Fe, Mn, Pb, Sb, Sn, Se, V ve P) olan ilişkisi çok değişkenli istatistiksel analizlerle değerlendirilmiştir. Toprak örnekleri mikrodalga yaş yakma yöntemiyle çözünürleştirildikten sonra element içerikleri ICP OES (Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometer) cihazı ile belirlenmiştir. Yöntemin doğruluğu için SRM (Standard Reference Material) olarak SRM NIST 2586 kullanılmıştır. Yapılan analiz sonucunda geri kazanım değerleri %91.6 ile %105.9 arasında bulunmuştur. Hümik asit topraklardan International Society for Humic Substances (IHSS) yöntemiyle ekstrakte edilmiş, çalkalayıcı ve santifrüj cihazı kullanılarak belirlenmiştir. Yöntemin doğruluğu için Hümik Asit Sodyum Tuzu (HA-Na) ile test edilmiştir. Elde edilen veri setine Pearson korelasyonu ve kısmi korelasyon analizi uygulanmıştır. Ayrıca çoklu regresyon, HCA (Hiyerarşik Küme Analizi) ve PCA (Principal Component Analysis) gibi çok değişkenli istatistiksel analizler uygulanmıştır. Çoklu regresyon analizi Step-wise yöntemine göre yapılmıştır. Manganese ve P (p< 0.01), HA bağımlı değişken olarak alındığında önemli bulunmuştur. Pearson korelasyon katsayısına göre toprakta HA ile As (r = -0.282**) arasındaki ilişki negatif ve anlamlı iken, Fe (r = 0.185*), Mn (r =0.273**)), Sn (r = 0.242*), Se (r = 0.325**) ve P ( r = 0.315**) gibi diğer elementlerle pozitif ve anlamlı olarak belirlenmiştir. Kümeleme ve PCA analizinde HA, P Mn ve Fe’nin aynı grupta olduğu saptanmıştır. Yapılan analizler HA’in toprağın bitki besin elementleri lehinde pozitif etki yaptığını göstermiştir.
Effects of Zno Nanoparticules Produced by Green Synthesis on Germination and Seedling Of Salvia Officinalis L. Seeds
(Polish Society Magnesium Research, 2021) Gunes, Zubeyir; Toncer, Ozlem; Eren, Abdullah
Nanotechnology is a research subject in many interdisciplinary engineering fields today. Nanoparticles have important effects on seed germination and seedling growth of plants. The aim of this study has been to produce a 54.68 nm-sized ZnO nanoparticle obtained from the Nigella sativa L. plant by green synthesis. The effect of medicinal sage (Salvia officinalis L.) on germination of plant seeds and seedling growth was investigated. The trial was set up under controlled conditions and conducted for 14 days according to a factorial trial design with 5 replications for each dose (0, 0.5, 1.5 and 2.5 mg ZnO NP kg-1). As a result of ZnO NP application in different doses, germination of Salvia officinalis L. seeds varied between 90-94%, stem length was 1.86-2.92 cm and shoot length was between 1.01-1.98 cm. The highest root and shoot length was obtained after the application of 2.5 mg ZnO kg-1 NP. In the light of the results, ZnO nanoparticles are thought to be useful for seed development and agricultural applications.
Evolotion Barley Genotypes in Multi-Environment Trials by Ammi Model and Gge Biplot Analysis
(Parlar Scientific Publications (p S P), 2019) Oral, Erol; Kendal, Enver; Kilic, Hasan; Dogan, Yusuf; Doğan, Yusuf
The uniformity of genotypes are significant for crop breeding program decisions to improve new varieties. The AMMI (Additive main effects and multiplicative interaction) analysis and Genotype x Environment Interaction (GEI) is make to estimation grain yield and understands GxE interaction patterns by researches as differential ranking of variety yields in multi-environment trials. Therefore, fifteen barley advanced line and six national cultivars and four foreign varieties (registered in abroad) were used in the study. The experiments were performed according to a complete randomized block design with four replications at five environments during two years. The stability and superiority of genotypes for yield and other traits were determined using AMMI and GGE biplot analysis. Factors (G, GE, and GEI) were found to be highly significant (P < 0.01) for grain yield. AMMI analysis indicated that the major contributions to treatment sum of squares were environments (98.52%), GE (0.45%) and genotypes (1.02%), respectively, suggesting that grain yield of genotypes were effected environmental conditions. The GGE biplot indicated that PCA 1 axes (Principal component) was significant as P<0.01 and supplied to 49.36% of complete GxE interaction. The AMMI indicated that G8 and G23 desirable and stabile genotypes for grain yield in multi-environment. Moreover, E2 and E5 (irrigated environments) were high yielding, while E3 (drought stress) low yielding as forecast. On the other hand, GGE biplot indicated that three group were occurred among traits, first group (GY: grain yield, CC: crude cellulose, CD: cold damage), second group (PC:, HVV: hectoliter weight, TGW: thousand grain weight, SH: seed humidity), third group (LOD: lodging, PH: plant height, HT: heading time). Moreover: the study showed that G3, G6, G7, G8, G13 and G21 were the best genotypes both grain yield and other traits. The results of AMMI model and GGE biplot indicated that G8 is suitable to recommend for release and G23 desirable origin for yield stability and G7 valuable source for quality to use in barley breeding program.
Identify of Macro and Trace Elements in Grain of Some Barley Varieties and Interpretation Zwith Biplot Technique
(University of Montenegro, 2021) Düzgün, M.; Kendal, E.; Zahir Düz, M.; Hatipoğlu, A.
The purpose of this study was to determine the content of some macro and trace elements in grain of spring barley cultivars, and to state the relationships between those elements. In this study macro and trace elements (Ca, K, Mg, Fe, Zn, Mn, Si, Sn, Cu, Cr, Cd, Ni, V, Pb, As and Se) of barley cultivars were determined by inductively coupled plasma optic emission spektometry (ICP-OES) using grain. The grain samples were digested by microwave system, as well as. As and Se were determined by hydride system. The result of study showed that the content Si of barley cultivars are quite high, however, the concentrations toxic heavy metals of Cd, Pb and as were determined to be below the limit values. The biplot indicated that three group occurred among macro and trace element and the correlation of Zn with Sn, Cr with Ca and Fe, Ca with Fe and Pb was significant and positively, while V with Si was significant and negatively. On the other hand, the study showed that Samyeli is the best cultivar based on macro and trace element concentrations and this variety can be used in animal husbandry. © 2021, University of Montenegro. All rights reserved.
Interactive Effects of Number of Plants and Nitrogen Fertilization on Quality Parameters of salvia Officinalis L. Cultivated in Semi-Arid Environments
(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2024) Izgi, Mehmet Necat; Karaman, Sengul; Toncer, Ozlem
This research aimed to elucidate the interplay between number of plants and nitrogen dose on the agronomic attributes, as well as the essential oil yield and composition of Salvia officinalis L. (sage) in the challenging ecological conditions of Mardin, situated in South Eastern Anatolia. A split-plot experimental design was employed during 2018-2019, manipulating the variables of number of plants and nitrogen application rates. The experiment identified camphor, 1,8-cineole, alpha-thujone, and beta-thujone as the major components. The PCA analysis unveiled statistically significant inverse correlations between the concentration of camphor and 1,8-cineole, as well as alpha- and beta-thujone. The results demonstrated that the combination of lower plant number with elevated nitrogen levels yielded higher fresh herb dry herb and dry leaf. While lower plant number and higher nitrogen application independently exerted positive influences on essential oil production and yield, the interactive impact of these treatments yielded inconclusive results. Specifically, nitrogen treatments led to an increase in camphor content while reducing alpha- and beta-thujone contents in the essential oil. Conversely, lower plant numbers resulted in decreased camphor content and an increase in thujone content within the oil. In light of these findings, it is recommended that, under semi-arid conditions, optimal yields can be achieved by employing plant number of 50000 plants ha(-1) and a nitrogen fertilizer rate of 120 kg ha(-1). This research sheds light on the intricate relationship between agronomic factors and the quality of sage cultivation, offering valuable insights into sustainable agricultural practices in semi-arid regions.
Investigation of yield stability of wheat varieties in different locations by AMMI and GGE-biplot analysis
(Springernature, 2024) Tiryakioglu, Murat; Aktas, Husnu; Akcali, Cem Tufan; Sahin, Cenk Burak
The aim of the study was to determine the structure of GEI in the investigated parameters and to investigate the performance stability of durum wheat varieties using the GGE biplot and AMMI analysis method. The study was carried out in four different locations (Diyarbak & imath;r-1, Diyarbak & imath;r-2, Hatay, and & Scedil;anl & imath;urfa) using 31 durum wheat genotypes under rainfed conditions. Field experiments were conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications. As a result of the study, it was determined that there was a significant difference between locations in terms of grain yield. The highest grain yield was obtained from Diyarbak & imath;r-1 (6797 kg ha-1) location, followed by Hatay (4584 kg ha-1), Diyarbak & imath;r-2 (2512 kg ha-1) and & Scedil;anl & imath;urfa (2026 kg ha-1), respectively. Significant variations in grain yield were detected among the examined genotypes, and Artuklu and Z & uuml;hre had the highest grain yields (4774 and 4501 kg ha-1). Again, Artuklu and Z & uuml;hre were the most stable varieties in terms of their performance in different locations. Diyarbak & imath;r-1 has come to the fore as the location where the variation between genotypes can be best detected. As a result, more data should be provided to plant breeders in the selection studies by considering the irrigated conditions as a factor in the studies to be carried out and determining the stable cultivars in terms of grain yield in both precipitation-based and irrigated conditions.
Morphological, physiological, molecular, and pathogenic insights into the characterization of Phytophthora polonica from a novel host, hazelnut (Corylus avellana)
(Academic Press Ltd- Elsevier Science Ltd, 2024) Turkkan, Muharrem; Ozer, Goksel; Dervis, Sibel
Hazelnuts, constituting a significant global crop, hold paramount importance in Turkiye, contributing to approximately 71.14 % of the world's hazelnut cultivation area. In the summer of 2023, hazelnut trees in two orchards situated in the Altinordu district of Ordu province, within the Black Sea region of Turkiye, the largest producer and exporter of hazelnuts, exhibited symptoms of decline associated with root rot. Phytophthora sp. was consistently isolated from necrotic taproots, initiating an in-depth study to discern the causal agent behind the observed hazelnut decline. The species was identified as P. polonica by its distinctive morphological traits, including homothallic characteristics, amphigynous or paragynous antheridia, long nonbranching sporangiophores, and nonpapillate sporangia with internal proliferation. Multiple genetic markers (ITS, tub2, and COI) facilitated a clear differentiation of P. polonica from other Phytophthora species within Clade 9, supporting its classification within Subclade 9b. This investigation also evaluated the impact of diverse nutrient media (CA, V8A, and CMA), temperatures, and pH levels on the mycelial growth of P. polonica HPp-1 and HPp-2 isolates. The optimal conditions for maximal mycelial growth were determined through the D-optimal design of the Response Surface Method, revealing the significant influence of all factors on mycelial growth. The identified optimal conditions were at 26.09 degrees C, pH 5.12, with CMA as the nutrient medium. Validation experiments conducted under these optimal conditions unveiled mycelial growth of 7.24 +/- 0.15 mm day(-1) and 6.81 +/- 0.09 mm day(-1) for P. polonica HPp-1 and HPp-2 isolates, respectively, with an error of less than 5 %. Pathogenicity assessments confirmed P. polonica's virulence on hazelnuts, with distinct lesion development observed in twig inoculation, cut stem segments, and foliar tests. While no statistically significant difference was noted in lesion areas between HPp-1 and HPp-2 isolates in twig and stem segment assays, a statistical difference in leaf lesion areas (19.96 +/- 2.04 cm(2) and 9.16 +/- 3.43 cm(2)) emerged in foliar tests after only a 5-day incubation period, indicating their high susceptibility to the pathogen. This study is the first to report P. polonica as a hazelnut pathogen in Turkiye and around the world, highlighting the previously non-existent threat of Phytophthora root rot in hazelnuts, given the substantial lack of scientifically documented cases related to hazelnut root rot diseases. The quadratic model design employed in physiological analyses is reliable for optimizing mycelial growth and can serve as a guiding framework for similar investigations.
Neoscytalidium dimidiatum: A newly identified postharvest pathogen of pears and its implications for pome fruits
(Wiley, 2024) Dervis, Sibel; Zholdoshbekova, Sezim; Guney, Inci Guler; Ozer, Goksel
T & uuml;rkiye is a prominent contributor to pear and diverse pome fruit production. Pear fruit with unusual brown to black spots and rot symptoms observed in public marketplaces in Mardin province have raised concerns regarding postharvest fruit health. The consistent isolation of a fungus from these fruits revealed morphological features indicative of Neoscytalidium dimidiatum. Phylogenetic confirmation of its identity ensued through BLASTn searches targeting, the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) of ribosomal DNA, the partial translation elongation factor 1-alpha gene (tef1), and the partial beta-tubulin gene (tub2). Pathogenicity evaluations were conducted on common pome fruits, namely pears, apples, and quinces, unveiling the susceptibility of all examined fruits to postharvest infection by this emergent pathogen. Furthermore, an investigation was carried out to discern the pathogen's response to varying temperature ranges on pear fruits, revealing that the most pronounced lesions occurred at 30 degrees C, followed by 25 degrees C, 35 degrees C, and 20 degrees C. Conversely, no lesion development was observed at 10 degrees C, 15 degrees C, or 40 degrees C. To the best of our knowledge, this study represents the first report of N. dimidiatum as the etiological agent responsible for postharvest rot in pear fruit. The implications of these findings highlight the potential threat posed by this pathogen to pome fruits postharvest, especially in regions where cold storage facilities are not widely utilized, warranting increased vigilance and preventive measures.
Nutrient Status and Yield of Chickpea (Cicer Arietinum L.) as Influence by Application of Different Harvest Timing and Sulphur Fertiliser
(Scibulcom Ltd., 2015) Dogan, Y.; Togay, N.; Togay, Y.; Doğan, Yusuf
The objectives of this research were to study the effect of harvesting time and sulphur levels on the yield, protein and mineral nutritional value of chickpea seeds. Three different harvesting times (early, on-time and late) and four sulphur levels (0, 20, 40 and 60 kg ha–1) were used. Yield, protein ratio and mineral nutritional value of chickpea were significantly affected by sulphur and harvest timing. The highest grain yields according to the harvest time were obtained from on-time harvest with 1527 and 1434 kg ha–1 for the first and second years, respectively. The lowest grain yields were obtained from the control plots, whereas the highest values were obtained from the plots given 60 kg ha–1 sulphur. Generally, protein, phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, copper, zinc, and manganese concentrations of the seeds in on-time harvest and 60 kg ha–1 sulphur aplication were found to be greater than in early and late harvested plants. Positive significant relationships were found between harvest time and protein (r = 0.64**), Fe (r = 0.75**) and Zn (r = 0.27*). Positive significant relationships were found between sulphur doses and grain yield (r = 0.44*), protein (r = 0.26*), P (r = 0.71**), K (r = 0.73**), Ca (r = 0.36**), Mg (r = 0.76*), Zn (r = 0.57) and S (r = 0.96*). © 2015, Scibulcom Ltd. All rights reserved.

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