Scopus İndeksli Yayınlar Koleksiyonu

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12514/3596

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Browsing Scopus İndeksli Yayınlar Koleksiyonu by browse.metadata.publisher "Academic Press Ltd - Elsevier Science Ltd"

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    Development of an LSU rRNA-Targeted qPCR Assay and Transcriptional Profiling of Defense-Related Genes to Elucidate Barley Resistance to Bipolaris Sorokiniana
    (Academic Press Ltd - Elsevier Science Ltd, 2025) Alkan, Mehtap; Bozoglu, Tugba; Yeken, Muberra; Yeken, Mehmet Zahit; Emiralioglu, Orkun; Tekin, Fatih; Ozer, Goksel
    Spot blotch, caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana, severely limits global barley production. This study characterized five isolates from Bolu, T & uuml;rkiye, and screened 95 barley cultivars for resistance to the most aggressive isolate (B_BS01) using a 1-9 disease severity scale. Cultivars Gazda, Dara, Hilal, Nonius, and Bravo exhibited the highest resistance (Disease severity index: 35.00 %-36.67 %), forming a statistically distinct group. A quantitative PCR assay targeting the LSU rRNA locus of B. sorokiniana was developed, detecting pathogen DNA down to 0.1 pg with high specificity. This assay quantified starkly different colonization dynamics: pathogen DNA was effectively suppressed in resistant cultivars (Dara, Gazda), while it proliferated rapidly in susceptible ones (Merit, B & uuml;lb & uuml;l), resulting in up to 15-fold higher pathogen loads by 4 days post-inoculation. Temporal expression profiling of defense-related genes (PR1, PR2, PR3, PR5, PR10, CSD, LOX, PAL) was conducted in Dara and Merit. Notably, PR1 and PR10 were more strongly induced in Merit (17.06- and 10.56-fold at 72 h post-inoculation), whereas PR3 was preferentially upregulated in Dara. PR5 and LOX were downregulated in both cultivars; CSD showed moderate induction, and PR2 remained relatively stable. The combination of a sensitive qPCR assay and gene expression profiling provides robust tools for resistance screening and supports targeted breeding for spot blotch resistance in barley.
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    Morphological, Physiological, Molecular, and Pathogenic Insights Into the Characterization of Phytophthora Polonica From a Novel Host, Hazelnut (Corylus Avellana)
    (Academic Press Ltd - Elsevier Science Ltd, 2024) Turkkan, Muharrem; Ozer, Goksel; Dervis, Sibel
    Hazelnuts, constituting a significant global crop, hold paramount importance in Turkiye, contributing to approximately 71.14 % of the world's hazelnut cultivation area. In the summer of 2023, hazelnut trees in two orchards situated in the Altinordu district of Ordu province, within the Black Sea region of Turkiye, the largest producer and exporter of hazelnuts, exhibited symptoms of decline associated with root rot. Phytophthora sp. was consistently isolated from necrotic taproots, initiating an in-depth study to discern the causal agent behind the observed hazelnut decline. The species was identified as P. polonica by its distinctive morphological traits, including homothallic characteristics, amphigynous or paragynous antheridia, long nonbranching sporangiophores, and nonpapillate sporangia with internal proliferation. Multiple genetic markers (ITS, tub2, and COI) facilitated a clear differentiation of P. polonica from other Phytophthora species within Clade 9, supporting its classification within Subclade 9b. This investigation also evaluated the impact of diverse nutrient media (CA, V8A, and CMA), temperatures, and pH levels on the mycelial growth of P. polonica HPp-1 and HPp-2 isolates. The optimal conditions for maximal mycelial growth were determined through the D-optimal design of the Response Surface Method, revealing the significant influence of all factors on mycelial growth. The identified optimal conditions were at 26.09 degrees C, pH 5.12, with CMA as the nutrient medium. Validation experiments conducted under these optimal conditions unveiled mycelial growth of 7.24 +/- 0.15 mm day(-1) and 6.81 +/- 0.09 mm day(-1) for P. polonica HPp-1 and HPp-2 isolates, respectively, with an error of less than 5 %. Pathogenicity assessments confirmed P. polonica's virulence on hazelnuts, with distinct lesion development observed in twig inoculation, cut stem segments, and foliar tests. While no statistically significant difference was noted in lesion areas between HPp-1 and HPp-2 isolates in twig and stem segment assays, a statistical difference in leaf lesion areas (19.96 +/- 2.04 cm(2) and 9.16 +/- 3.43 cm(2)) emerged in foliar tests after only a 5-day incubation period, indicating their high susceptibility to the pathogen. This study is the first to report P. polonica as a hazelnut pathogen in Turkiye and around the world, highlighting the previously non-existent threat of Phytophthora root rot in hazelnuts, given the substantial lack of scientifically documented cases related to hazelnut root rot diseases. The quadratic model design employed in physiological analyses is reliable for optimizing mycelial growth and can serve as a guiding framework for similar investigations.