Sıddıq, Abu Bakar

Sıddıq, Abu Bakar

Job Title

Doç. Dr.

Main Affiliation

Department of Anthropology / Antropoloji Bölümü

Status

Former Staff

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Scholarly Output

50

Articles

29

Citation Count

0

Supervised Theses

0 Scholarly Output Search Results

Now showing 1 - 10 of 50

Cranial size and shape sexual dimorphism in the Kangal dog from Turkey
(Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TÜBİTAK), 2020) Sıddıq, Abu Bakar; Sıddıq, Abu Bakar; Onar, Vedat
This study has so far been the first attempt to characterize and quantify skull sexual variation in Kangal dog, by means of geometric morphometric techniques. A sample of 16 adult Kangal crania has been analyzed with this purpose. To obtain a full image of morphological pattern, digital pictures were taken from the ventral, left lateral, and dorsal sides of each skull, and a total of 16, 15, and 16 landmarks respectively were obtained on each image. Skull size and shape differed significantly in all aspects among different sexes, male skulls being bigger. Shape differences were observed mainly on zygomatic arch and muzzle on the dorsal view, pterygoid bone and articular surface to mandibular condyle in the lateral aspect, and cranial width and maxillary bone on the ventral view. Although the sample was comparatively small in number, being the first geometric morphometric approach applied on the Kangal dog, the obtained results will add vital information particularly to understand the cranial shape sexual dimorphism of this unique dog breed in Turkey.
Bangladesh: A Potential Prehistoric Corridor between South and Southeast Asia
(CenRaPS Journal of Social Sciences, 2020) Sıddıq, Abu Bakar
Bengal Delta has been a favorable land for dense vegetation and diverse fauna, which were vital for the survival of prehistoric human groups. Although there is a lack of large-scale archaeological exploration, records of stone tools from a series of locations including Sitakunda hill of Chittagong, Chhagalnaiya of Feni, Lalmai-Mainamati region of Comilla, Wari-Bateshwar area of Narsingdi, and Chaklapunji of Habiganj indicate the movements of prehistoric people along the elevated topographic lands of Bangladesh. There are also records of a large number of prehistoric locations in Tripura, Mizoram, Manipur, Meghalaya, Assam, Bihar and West Bengal of India, some of them are very close to and often share equal palaeo-geographical settings with Bangladesh. Particularly over forty prehistoric locations in the neighboring Garo Hills and Khasi Hills of Meghalaya, and over two hundred Palaeolithic locations in Bardhaman, Birbhum, Bankura, Purulia and Midnapur districts of West Bengal signify the busy movements of archaic human groups across Bengal Delta. Besides, the prehistoric tools of east and southeastern Bangladesh demonstrate strong techno-typological resemblances with prehistoric assemblages of the Irrawaddy valley of Myanmar. Presenting some vital palaeo-environmental and archaeological records, this study primarily aims to present the hypothesis that, during the sea level fluctuations in the Pleistocene, the deltaic arcs of Bengal Basin were parts of a possible route for archaic human groups’ dispersal across South and Southeast Asia. It also highlights the importance of large-scale systematic explorations and recording of prehistoric locations in Bangladesh, particularly to understand its potentials in world prehistory.
Türkiye’de İnsan-Hayvan İlişki Bilimi Antrozooloji’nin Faaliyet Alanları
(2018) Sıddıq, Abu Bakar; Erdem, Çağdaş; Şanlı, Süleyman
Öz:Dünya hayatının başlangıcından bu yana insanlar, insandışı diğer hayvanlar ile farklı iletişim ve etkileşim içerisindedir. Antrozooloji bu iletişim ve etkileşimler üzerinde çalışmalar yapmaktadır. Türkiye’nin, Asya, Avrupa ve Afrika üzerinde bir köprü konumunda olması, birçok hayvan türlerine de ev sahipliği yapmasına ve hala yapıyor olmasına imkân sağlamıştır. Özellikle, ilk hayvan evcilleştirmesinin başlamasının yanı sıra evcil hayvan yönetim sisteminin dağıtımında, Anadolulular önemli katkılarda bulunmuştur. Anadolu’daki Erken Neolitik ve ilk medeniyetlere ait yerleşimlerdeki zengin hayvan kalıntıları, bu yorumlara ışık tutmaktadır. Ayrıca Türkiye’de halen dünyanın diğer ülkelerine göre nispeten daha yaygın hayvancılığın olmasının yanında, toplumdaki sosyo-kültürel yapının çok geniş bir parçası olarak hayvanlar rol oynamakta ve şehir kültüründe de çok sayıda ev hayvanlarının olması, bu bölgede güçlü insan-hayvan ilişkileri varlığına işaret etmektedir. Bu nedenle bu kavramsal çalışma, Türkiye için Antrozoolojik çalışmaların ne kadar gerekli olduğunu göstermeyi amaçlamaktadır.
Primary Archaeozoological observations on the faunal remains of Kanlıtaş Höyük, an Early Chalcolithic settlement in north-western Anatolia, Turkey
(PZAF 2017, 2017) Sıddıq, Abu Bakar
Kanlıtaş Höyük is a mound site situated at the edge of a mountainous region of Eskişehir province in north-western Anatolia. This was an Early Chalcolithic factory site mainly for marble bracelets production. Besides, Kanlıtaş people were intensely cultivating crops. However, faunal remains, as well as stone tools, suggest that Kanlıtaş people were still regular hunter for their subsistence. Although big animals are present, small ruminants (Ovicaprids), wild boars (Sus scrofa), deer (C. elaphus and D. dama), hares (Lepus sp.), birds (Alectoris sp., Anas sp., Goose sp. etc.) and aquatic species are found as the most profoundly consumed species comprising more than 78% of total fauna. Some carnivore species (Felis sylvestris, Canis lupus, Vulpes vulpes, Ursus sp. etc.) are also found common. Primary observations suggest outer settlement butchering practice, and burn marks, especially around the edge, on a large number of bones suggest open firing or direct heat food processing which is unlikely that people were mostly cooking meat by pot, although high quality pottery remains are present in the site. Moreover, identified animal species illustrate a mixed ecology and habitat system which indicate a mixture of subsistence strategies of the inhabitants. Kanlıtaş Höyük is considered to be one of the most important settlements of Chalcolithic Porsuk culture and a connecting site for the cultural contact between Central Anatolia, Western Anatolia and Balkans during 6th millennium B.C. Thus, faunal remains Kanlıtaş Höyük are considered to be valuable sources to understand Early Chalcolithic life ways of this transitional zone in Anatolia.
Transition of human-animal interaction in the Late Pleistocene-Early Holocene of Central Anatolia: Aspects in faunal remains of three prominent Epi-Palaeolithic and Early Neolithic settlements
(2016) Sıddıq, Abu Bakar
The Late Pleistocene - Early Holocene is considered to be the transitional phase of a new formation of human-environment interaction in Anatolia and the Near East that eventually changed the planet Earth. Human first started to domesticate animals in a region between the Levant and Central Anatolia. In contrast of most other areas, the Anatolian Plateau has environmental characteristics that hosted wild ancestors of the earliest domestic species. Evidence shows that those wild ancestors were present in the Late Pleistocene, before 8000 cal. BC, in the plateau itself. Pınarbaşı rock shelter provides the first detailed evidence of Epi-Palaeolithic occupation as well as the nature of Late Glacial and earliest Holocene environment in the Anatolian Plateau during the second half of the 9th millennum cal. BC. Aşıklı Höyük, a mound site, represents the birth of the Aceramic Neolithic in Central Anatolia dated back to ca. 9,000 cal. BC. Sheep herding and cultivation of wheat took place with distinct local characteristics by sedentary village communities of this settlement at least in 8000 cal. BC. Boncuklu Höyük, a tell site, shows the transition from hunter-gatherer-foragers to agriculturalists in Central Anatolia. Mammal species found in Boncuklu Höyük were hunted and they exploited a mosaic of habitats including wetlands, grasslands and woodlands during the half of 9th millennium BC. Therefore, the faunal assamblage of these three sites illustrates the best witness to an understanding of the beginning of sedentism, cultivation and the transition of human-animal-environment interaction through the Late Pleistocene - Early Holocene of Central Anatolian Plateau. My PhD thesis aims to contribute to the understanding of this transition. This communication wants to give a glimpse of how it might have occurred and to establish some of the questions I will consider in the future.
Pastoral societies of mardin province in southeast anatolia –some anthrozoological aspects
(Mukaddime, 2017) Sıddıq, Abu Bakar
Human first started domesticating animals at least 11,000 years ago in the Levant and Central Anatolia. Gradually the idea of animal controlling process, along with agricultural practice, spread throughout Africa, Asia and continental Europe and eventually transformed the face of the world. Archaeozoological evidences suggest that the process of animal domestication was actually occurred in a new way of human-animal interactions which was totally unknown to previous hunter-gatherers. Mardin region is located in the central point of northern Fertile Crescent. Archaeological settlements near and around this region provide the evidence of human-animal relationships in Early Neolithic societies which essentially promoted the early domestication process. However, the dimensions of present human-animal interactions are far different than the early stage, and therefore, Mardin region is a crucial place to study different facts and status in pastoral societies, particularly focusing on anthrozoological perspectives. Unfortunately very few attempts have yet been taken regarding this issue in southeast Anatolia. This field research, thus, aimed to observe the status of pastoralism and human-animal relationships in pastoral societies of Mardin providence.
The formation of Bengal Civilization: a glimpse on the socio-cultural assimilations through political progressions in Bengal Delta
(Mardin Artuklu Üniversitesi, 2017) Sıddıq, Abu Bakar; Habib, Ahsan
The Bengal Delta is a place of many migrations, cultural transformations, invasions and religious revolutions since prehistoric time. With the help of archaeological and historical records, this essay present the hypothesis that, albeit there were multiple waves of large and small scale socio-cultural assimilations, every socio-political change did not brought equal formidable outcome in the Delta. The study further illustrates that, the majority of cultural components were formulated by IndigenousAryan-Buddhist assimilations in early phase, whereas the Buddhist-Aryan-Islamic admixtures in relatively forbearing and gracious socio-political background of medieval period contributed the final part in the formation of Bengal Civilization.
Los Tipos Craneométricos Caninos Aparecen Bien Expresadosa Nivel de Conformación del Arco Cigomático
(2019) Sıddıq, Abu Bakar; Sıddıq, Abu Bakar; Asal, Rahmi; Pars-Casanova, Pre M.
Within the wide conformation of skull spectrum, there are generally three recognized broad categories that correspond to the concept of cephalic biotype, determined by the cephalic index. The three cephalic biotypes are: brachiocephalic, mesaticephalic and dolichocephalic, which are based on linear measures. In order to revise this classification based on its geometry, we studied 53 skulls of adult dogs, corresponding to the three craneometric groups previously described: 16 brachycephalic, 20 mesaticephalic and 17 dolichocephalic. Images on ventral plane were obtained and 17 anatomical landmarks were subsequently located and analyzed by means of geometric morphometric techniques. Five of those landmarks corresponded to the neurocraneal area and the rest of the splanchnocranium. The three craneometric groups showed statistically significant differences between them for both size and shape. The variables that contributed to the differentiation between them were located along the edge of the zygomatic arches and on the basis of this arch. Splanchnocranial variables also presented a much more marked allometry than the neurocraneal variables. Since the zygomatic arch should be considered as part of the splanchnocranium, we suggest that the cephalic index (which takes into account the maximum width of the head) is as important as the facial index (which takes into account the maximum width of the face). The neurocraneal index would be much more conservative, and therefore less discriminatory between the groups.
Intra- and intercommunal rituals in the Upper Mesopotamian Pre-Pottery Neolithic: The beginning of organized religion?
(Mardin Artuklu Üniversitesi Yayınları, 2020) Sıddıq, Abu Bakar; Özkaya, Vecihi
While a ‘faith system’ is mainly based on simple beliefs on certain supernatural forces, the ‘organized religion’ is characterized by a faith-based doctrine with standardize worships, a hierarchical structure, and organization of dogmatic rules and practices. Archaeologically the earliest belief system on supernatural forces dates back to 80,000 to 100,000 years BP. However, the senses of organized and inter-communal religious practices apparently evolved in Early Neolithic period, following the beginning of sedentary life throughout eleventh millennium BC. Since then, the ‘organized religion’ has been helping human individuals and different social groups to be valued parts of a greater “community”. Particularly different Early Neolithic sites in Southeast Anatolia including Körtik Tepe, Göbeklitepe, Hasankeyif Höyük, Nevali Çori and Çayönü Tepesi, along with some other contemporary sites in northern Syria, present the sign of inter-communal and regional-scale rituals practices, continued for millennia. People in these early sedentary villages often constructed large, round and subterranean cult buildings. Sometimes they were built with carved upright stone slabs, decorated with friezes of triangles, undulating lines, human figures, raptors, different types of dangerous animals as well as hybrid creatures of half human and half animal. Being the communal rather than individual or household interest—these spiritual centers became the focal points of group identities for over thousand years. Over time, these very early religious centers and sanctuaries became the promoter of inter-communal complex ritual systems, and the earliest form of ‘organized religion’. With the help of the examples of communal and inter-regional cult activities and symbolism at some of these remarkable archaeological sites, this study examines the position of Southeast Anatolia in the origin of ‘organized religion’ throughout the development of Neolithic culture in West Asia.
Tarihöncesi Toplumlarda İnsan-Hayvan İlişkisi ve Orta Anadolu Çanak Çömleksiz Neolitik Dönem Faunası
(Çizgi Kitabevi, 2019) Sıddıq, Abu Bakar
Tamamen doğaya bağlı olan tarihöncesi toplumlar, hayatta kalmak için gerekli yiyecek ve çeşitli hayvansal ürünlere ulaşmak amacıyla hayvanları avlamak zorunda kalmışlardır. Diğer yandan, insanlar Paleolitik Çağ'dan beri bu hayvanlara tapmış, saygı göstermiş ve çeşitli sembolik uygulamalarda değerli olarak görmüşlerdir. Dolayısıyla, günümüz toplumları gibi, tarihöncesi toplumlarda da insan-hayvan ilişkileri çok boyutlu, renkli ve karmaşıktı. Belki de, hayvanlarla insanların bu karmaşık ilişkilerinin en önemli aşaması, yerleşik yaşama geçilen Neolitik Dönem'in erken evrelerinde gerçekleşmiştir. Hem insan hem de hayvanların yaşam biçimlerini değiştiren bu dönemde ortaya çıkan insan ve diğer hayvanlar arasındaki yeni ilişkiler, Anadolu ve Batı Asya'daki toynaklı türlerin ilk evcilleştirilmesini teşvik etmiştir. Bu kitapta, tarihöncesi toplumlarla birlikte, Neolitik dönemin önemli çekirdek bölgelerinden biri olan Orta Anadolu'nun Çanak Çömleksiz Neolitik yerleşimlerinde gözlenen insan-hayvan ilişkileri ele alınmıştır.