Têgeha Emrê Teze di Romanên Kurdî Yên Ewra Sovyetê de
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2025
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Sovyet Kürt edebiyatının ilk adımları, Ekim Devrimi'nden sonra Sovyetlerin kültürel politikaları doğrultusunda, Ermenistan'da birkaç Kürt yazarın ve Kürtçe bilen Ermeni aydınların katkısıyla atılmıştır. Bu dönemde Erebê Şemo, Egîdê Xudo, Eliyê Evdilrehman ve Heciyê Cindî gibi yazarlar, Sovyet resmi ideolojisi olan Sosyalist Realîzm doğrultusunda eserler üretmişlerdir. Bu çalışmada, söz konusu yazarların Hopo ve Jiyana Bextewar (Erebê Şemo), Dê û Demarî (Egîdê Xudo), Morof (Eliyê Evdilrehman) ve Hewarî (Heciyê Cindî) adlı romanları incelenmektedir. Bu romanlar, yoksul köylü, çoban, işçi gibi karakterlerin sosyalizmle bilinçlenerek dönüşümünü konu alır. Kahramanlar, Sovyet sistemine bağlı, çalışkan ve fedakâr bireyler olarak betimlenirken, ağa ve bey gibi geleneksel otoriteler mahkûm edilmektedir. İncelemede, bu romanlarda 'yeni insan' anlayışı ile 'Yeni Hayat' kavramı arasındaki ilişki kuramsal bir çerçevede değerlendirilmiş; Sosyalist Realîzm'in anlatı stratejileri ve ideolojik etkileri irdelenmiştir. Ayrıca, eserlerde Sovyet sistemine duyulan minnettarlık ve yeni rejime bağlılık söylemi çözümlenmiştir.
The first steps in Soviet Kurdish Literature were taken in Armenia after the October Revolution, thanks to the official policies of the Soviet Union, under the leadership of several Kurdish writers and with the assistance of Armenian intellectuals who knew Kurdish. Kurdish writers such as Erebê Şemo, Eliyê Evdilrehman, Egîdê Xudo, and Heciyê Cindî wrote about the lives and struggles of shepherds, peasants, workers, and farmers within this literature, employing the methods of Socialist Realism, the official doctrine of the Soviet Union, which required writers to act as social engineers. In their novels, they addressed the helplessness and poverty of these people, then enlightened them through Socialism, leading them to happiness and peace. Their protagonists are self-sacrificing guardians of the new system and are always grateful to the Soviets. In their novels, they condemn landlords, beys, and exploiters while praising Lenin and the Soviet system. They also present the prototype of the 'new Soviet person.' In this study, we analyze the novels Hopo (Erebê Şemo), Jiyana Bextewar (Erebê Şemo), Dê û Demarî (Egîdê Xudo), Morof (Eliyê Evdilrehman) and Hewarî (Heciyê Cindî) within the framework of the concept of the 'New Era' and examine the influence of Socialist Realism on these novels. Additionally, we explore and analyze traces of gratitude toward the Soviet system in these works.
The first steps in Soviet Kurdish Literature were taken in Armenia after the October Revolution, thanks to the official policies of the Soviet Union, under the leadership of several Kurdish writers and with the assistance of Armenian intellectuals who knew Kurdish. Kurdish writers such as Erebê Şemo, Eliyê Evdilrehman, Egîdê Xudo, and Heciyê Cindî wrote about the lives and struggles of shepherds, peasants, workers, and farmers within this literature, employing the methods of Socialist Realism, the official doctrine of the Soviet Union, which required writers to act as social engineers. In their novels, they addressed the helplessness and poverty of these people, then enlightened them through Socialism, leading them to happiness and peace. Their protagonists are self-sacrificing guardians of the new system and are always grateful to the Soviets. In their novels, they condemn landlords, beys, and exploiters while praising Lenin and the Soviet system. They also present the prototype of the 'new Soviet person.' In this study, we analyze the novels Hopo (Erebê Şemo), Jiyana Bextewar (Erebê Şemo), Dê û Demarî (Egîdê Xudo), Morof (Eliyê Evdilrehman) and Hewarî (Heciyê Cindî) within the framework of the concept of the 'New Era' and examine the influence of Socialist Realism on these novels. Additionally, we explore and analyze traces of gratitude toward the Soviet system in these works.
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Doğu Dilleri ve Edebiyatı, Eastern Linguistics and Literature
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