Öğretmenlerin Hayatın Anlamı ile Mutluluğuna İlişkin Algıları Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi: Karma Desen Çalışması
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2024
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Bu araştırmanın amacı, okul öncesi, ilkokul, ortaokul ve liselerde görev yapan öğretmenlerin algılarına göre öğretmenlerde hayatın anlamı ve mutluluğun İncelenmesidir. Araştırma karma araştırma (nitel ve nicel) yöntemi kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın nicel boyutu betimsel ve ilişkisel tarama modelinde, nitel boyutu ise fenomenolojik modelde tasarlanmıştır. Araştırmanın nicel boyutunun evreni Mardin ilinin Kızıltepe ilçesindeki okul öncesi, ilkokul, ortaokul ve liselerde görev yapan 4087 öğretmenden, örneklemi ise kolay ulaşılabilir örnekleme tekniğine göre ulaşılabilen 758 öğretmenden oluşmaktadır. Araştırmanın nitel boyutunun çalışma grubunu ise maksimum örnekleme tekniğine göre seçilen 20 öğretmenden oluşmaktadır. Araştırmanın nicel boyutunun verileri Kişisel Bilgi Formu, Aydın, Kaya ve Peker (2015) tarafından geliştirilen 'Hayatın Anlamı ve Amacı Ölçeği' ve Peterson, Park ve Seligman (2005) tarafından geliştirilen 'Mutluluk Yönelimleri Ölçeği' kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Araştırmanın nitel boyutunun verileri ise araştırmacı tarafından geliştirilen yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Karma araştırma yöntemine göre elde edilen bulgular şu şekilde özetlenebilir; araştırmanın nicel boyutunda, öğretmenlerin hayatı genel olarak anlamlandırma ve hayatın anlam ve amacı alt boyut algısı ile mutluluk genel algı düzeyinin ortalamanın (X=69,43) üzerinde olduğu, hayatın anlamsızlığı ve amaç yoksunluğu alt boyut algı düzeylerinin ise ölçeğimize ait ortalamanın (X=69,43) altında olduğu görülmüştür. Hayatın anlam ve amacına ilişkin öğretmen algıları arasında cinsiyet, okul türü, eğitim düzeyi, görev yeri ve gelir düzeyi değişkenlerine göre anlamlı fark bulunmadığı, mutluluğa ilişkin öğretmen algıları arasında cinsiyet, okul türü, eğitim düzeyi, görev yeri ve gelir düzeyi değişkenlerine göre anlamlı fark olmadığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Yaş, mesleki kıdem, görev türü ve medeni durum değişkenine göre hayatı anlamlandırma düzeyi ile mutluluk düzeyleri arasında öğretmen algıları arasında anlamlı fark bulunmuştur. Araştırmanın nitel boyutundaki kodların öğretmenlerin hayatı anlamlandırdıkça mutluluğu elde ettiği ve bu bulguların, araştırmanın nicel boyutunun bulgularını desteklediği görülmüştür. Ayrıca, öğretmen algılarına göre öğretmenlerde hayatın anlamı ile mutluluk arasında pozitif yönlü (yüksek düzeyde) bir ilişki olduğu bulgularına ulaşılmıştır. Araştırmamızda hayatın anlamı ve mutluluğun öznel olduğu yanı sıra hayatın anlamı sorusunun insanlarda birtakım değerler oluşturduğu ve bu değerlerin insanın motivasyonunu artırarak mutluluk, yaşam doyumu, yaşam anlamı düzeyini artırdığı sonucu elde edilmiştir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Hayatın Anlamı, Mutluluk, Öğretmen
The aim of this study is to examine the meaning of life and happiness in teachers according to the perceptions of teachers working in pre-school, primary, secondary and high schools. The research was conducted using mixed research (qualitative and quantitative) method. The quantitative dimension of the research was designed in descriptive and relational survey model and the qualitative dimension was designed in phenomenological model. The population of the quantitative dimension of the research consists of 4087 teachers working in pre-school, primary, secondary and high schools in Kızıltepe district of Mardin province, and the sample consists of 758 teachers who can be reached according to the convenience sampling technique. The study group of the qualitative dimension of the research consists of 20 teachers selected according to the maximum sampling technique. The data of the quantitative dimension of the study consisted of the Personal Information Form and the 'Meaning and Purpose of Life Scale' developed by Aydın, Kaya, and Peker (2015) and the 'Happiness Orientations Scale' developed by Peterson, Park and Seligman (2005) was used. The data of the qualitative dimension of the study were collected using a semi-structured interview form developed by the researcher. The findings obtained according to the mixed research method can be summarized as follows; in the quantitative dimension of the research, it was seen that the teachers' perception of the meaning of life in general, the meaning and purpose of life sub-dimension perception and the general perception level of happiness were above the average (X=69.43), while the perception levels of the meaninglessness of life and lack of purpose sub-dimension perception levels were below the average (X=69.43) of our scale. It was concluded that there was no significant difference between teachers' perceptions of the meaning and purpose of life according to gender, school type, educational level, place of duty and income level variables, and there was no significant difference between teachers' perceptions of happiness according to gender, school type, educational level, place of duty and income level variables. A significant difference was found between teachers' perceptions of the level of making sense of life and happiness levels according to the variables of age, professional seniority, type of duty and marital status. It was found that the codes in the qualitative dimension of the research indicate that teachers achieve happiness as they make sense of life and these findings support the findings of the quantitative dimension of the research. In addition, according to teachers' perceptions, there is a positive (high level) relationship between the meaning of life and happiness in teachers. In our research, it was concluded that the meaning of life and happiness are subjective, as well as the question of the meaning of life creates some values in people and these values increase the level of happiness, life satisfaction and meaning of life by increasing the motivation of people. Keywords: Happiness, Meaning of Life, Teacher.
The aim of this study is to examine the meaning of life and happiness in teachers according to the perceptions of teachers working in pre-school, primary, secondary and high schools. The research was conducted using mixed research (qualitative and quantitative) method. The quantitative dimension of the research was designed in descriptive and relational survey model and the qualitative dimension was designed in phenomenological model. The population of the quantitative dimension of the research consists of 4087 teachers working in pre-school, primary, secondary and high schools in Kızıltepe district of Mardin province, and the sample consists of 758 teachers who can be reached according to the convenience sampling technique. The study group of the qualitative dimension of the research consists of 20 teachers selected according to the maximum sampling technique. The data of the quantitative dimension of the study consisted of the Personal Information Form and the 'Meaning and Purpose of Life Scale' developed by Aydın, Kaya, and Peker (2015) and the 'Happiness Orientations Scale' developed by Peterson, Park and Seligman (2005) was used. The data of the qualitative dimension of the study were collected using a semi-structured interview form developed by the researcher. The findings obtained according to the mixed research method can be summarized as follows; in the quantitative dimension of the research, it was seen that the teachers' perception of the meaning of life in general, the meaning and purpose of life sub-dimension perception and the general perception level of happiness were above the average (X=69.43), while the perception levels of the meaninglessness of life and lack of purpose sub-dimension perception levels were below the average (X=69.43) of our scale. It was concluded that there was no significant difference between teachers' perceptions of the meaning and purpose of life according to gender, school type, educational level, place of duty and income level variables, and there was no significant difference between teachers' perceptions of happiness according to gender, school type, educational level, place of duty and income level variables. A significant difference was found between teachers' perceptions of the level of making sense of life and happiness levels according to the variables of age, professional seniority, type of duty and marital status. It was found that the codes in the qualitative dimension of the research indicate that teachers achieve happiness as they make sense of life and these findings support the findings of the quantitative dimension of the research. In addition, according to teachers' perceptions, there is a positive (high level) relationship between the meaning of life and happiness in teachers. In our research, it was concluded that the meaning of life and happiness are subjective, as well as the question of the meaning of life creates some values in people and these values increase the level of happiness, life satisfaction and meaning of life by increasing the motivation of people. Keywords: Happiness, Meaning of Life, Teacher.
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Eğitim ve Öğretim, Education and Training
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144