İşârî tefsirlerde kevnî âyetlerin yorumlanması: El-Bahru'l-Medid tefsiri örneği
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2023
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Mardin Artuklu Üniversitesi
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Abstract
Kur'an-ı Kerim'in nüzul gayesi insanları hidâyete eriştirmektir. Asırlar boyunca bu yönüyle araştırılmış, doğruya ulaşmak için kendisinden istifade edilmiştir. Kur'ân'ın anlaşılması için tarih boyunca tefsir kitapları kaleme alınmış her müfessir kendi ilmi kabiliyeti cihetinde âyetleri yorumlamaya çalışmıştır. İslam coğrafyasının genişlemesi, farklı dil, din ve kültürlerden olan şahsiyetlerin İslâm'a girmesi gibi birçok neden âyetlerin farklı yorumlanmasına kapı aralamıştır. Kur'ân'ın anlaşılmasına yönelik gayret ve çabalar zamanla mezhep ve ideolojilere de sirâyet etmiş böylece her fırka ve mezhep Kur'ân âyetlerini zihin düşünceleri çerçevesinde yorumlamıştır. Tefsirdeki zahiri yorum çeşitliliğine bir müddet sonra batınî/işârî yorumlar da eklenmiş böylece işârî/tasavvufî tefsir diyeceğimiz bir yorumlama anlayışı ortaya çıkmıştır. Çalışma konumuzu oluşturan İbn Acibe'nin (ö. 1224/1809) el- Bahrü'l-medid adlı eseri âyetleri hem zahiri hem batınî yönden ele almış bir eserdir. Müellif'in kevnî âyetleri ele alış biçimi, yorumlaması ve değerlendirmesi tarafımızca merak edilmiş ve bu minvalde bir araştırmanın faydalı olacağı düşüncesi ortaya çıkmıştır.
The purpose of the revelation of the Qur'an is to guide people to the right path. It has been researched in this aspect for centuries, and it has been used to reach the truth. Every commentator who has written tafsir books throughout history to understand the Qur'an has tried to interpret the verses in terms of his own scientific ability. Many reasons, such as the expansion of the Islamic geography, the entry of people from different languages, religions and cultures into Islam, opened the door to different interpretations of the verses. Efforts and efforts to understand the Qur'an have spread to sects and ideologies over time, so every sect and sect interpreted the verses of the Qur'an within the framework of mental thoughts. After a while, esoteric/ishari interpretations were added to the apparent diversity of interpretations in tafsir, thus an understanding of interpretation that we would call ishari/sufi tafsir emerged. The work of Ibn Acibe (d. 1224/1809) named el-Bahrü'l-medid, which constitutes our study subject, is a work that deals with the verses both externally and internally. We were curious about the author's way of handling, interpretation and evaluation of the kevnî verses, and we thought that a research in this way would be beneficial.
The purpose of the revelation of the Qur'an is to guide people to the right path. It has been researched in this aspect for centuries, and it has been used to reach the truth. Every commentator who has written tafsir books throughout history to understand the Qur'an has tried to interpret the verses in terms of his own scientific ability. Many reasons, such as the expansion of the Islamic geography, the entry of people from different languages, religions and cultures into Islam, opened the door to different interpretations of the verses. Efforts and efforts to understand the Qur'an have spread to sects and ideologies over time, so every sect and sect interpreted the verses of the Qur'an within the framework of mental thoughts. After a while, esoteric/ishari interpretations were added to the apparent diversity of interpretations in tafsir, thus an understanding of interpretation that we would call ishari/sufi tafsir emerged. The work of Ibn Acibe (d. 1224/1809) named el-Bahrü'l-medid, which constitutes our study subject, is a work that deals with the verses both externally and internally. We were curious about the author's way of handling, interpretation and evaluation of the kevnî verses, and we thought that a research in this way would be beneficial.
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Din, Religion
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