Yüksek Sıcaklık ve Yarı Kurak Koşullara Uygun Geliştirilen Ekmeklik Buğday Genotiplerinin Erken Dönem Kuraklığına Tepkileri
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2024
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Buğday dünya genelinde güçlü adaptasyon özelliği sayesinde eski tarihlerden beri geniş coğrafyalarda farklı iklim ve bölgelerde yetiştirilen, insanlar için besin kaynağı olmasıyla birlikte samanı ve tanesi ile de hayvan yemi olarak kullanılan serin iklim tahıllarından biridir. Bu araştırmada, CIMMYT tarafından yüksek sıcaklık ve yarı kurak koşullar için geliştirilen ekmeklik buğday genotiplerinin erken kurak koşularında verim, verim unsurları ve kalite özellikleri ile başaklanma döneminde ölçülen Greenseeker, SPAD ve CM-1000 spekteral yansıma aletleri ile ilişkilerinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada 3 adet ticari ekmeklik buğday çeşidi ve 20 adet ileri kademe ekmeklik buğday genotipi olmak üzere 23 adet ekmeklik buğday genotipi tesadüf blokları deneme desenine göre 4 tekrarlamalı olarak 2022-2023 yetiştirme sezonunda Diyarbakır ilinde yürütülmüştür. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre incelenen özelliklerden başakta dane sayısı, NDVI (Normalize Edilmiş Vejetasyon İndeksi) ve CM-1000 hariç diğer özellikler için genotipler arası farklılıklar istatistiksel olarak önemli bulunmuştur. Genotipler arasında yüksek sıcaklığa karşı geliştirilen G6 genotipi incelenen birçok özellik yönünden ön plana çıkmıştır. Korelasyon ve Biplot analizi sonucuna göre başaklanma döneminde spektral yansıma aletleriyle yapılan ölçümler ile tane verimi arasında olumlu ve önemli ilişkinin bulunması özellikle erken kuraklık döneminde tane veriminin belirlenmesinde bu aletlerin kullanılabilir olduğunu göstermiştir. Ayrıca, erken kuraklık koşullarında yüksek sıcaklık ve yarı kurak koşullar için geliştirilen ekmeklik buğday genotiplerinin incelenen özelliklere benzer tepki verdiği görülmüştür
Bread wheat is one of the crucial cereals, cultivated in different climates and regions in wide geographies since ancient times thanks to its strong adaptability worldwide. It is used as a food source for humans and animal feed with its straw and grain. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the relationship between yield, yield components and quality traits and Greenseeker, SPAD and CM-1000 spectral reflectance instruments measured at spike stage of bread wheat genotypes developed by CIMMYT for high temperature and semi-arid conditions In the study, 23 bread wheat genotypes, including 3 commercial bread wheat varieties and 20 advanced bread wheat genotypes, were carried out in Diyarbakır province in the 2022-2023 growing season with 4 replications according to the randomized completely blocks design. According to the results of the research, the differences between the genotypes were found statistically significant for all traits except number of grains per spike, NDVI (Normalised Vegetation Differences Index) and CM1000. Among the genotypes, G6 genotype, which was developed against high temperatures, came to the forefront in terms of many traits examined. According to the results of correlation and biplot analyses, the positive and significant correlation between grain yield and spectral reflectance measurements made with spectral reflectance devices during the spike period showed that these devices can be used to determine grain yield, especially in the early drought period. In addition, it was observed that bread wheat genotypes developed for high temperature and semi-arid conditions reacted similarly to the studied traits in early drought conditions.
Bread wheat is one of the crucial cereals, cultivated in different climates and regions in wide geographies since ancient times thanks to its strong adaptability worldwide. It is used as a food source for humans and animal feed with its straw and grain. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the relationship between yield, yield components and quality traits and Greenseeker, SPAD and CM-1000 spectral reflectance instruments measured at spike stage of bread wheat genotypes developed by CIMMYT for high temperature and semi-arid conditions In the study, 23 bread wheat genotypes, including 3 commercial bread wheat varieties and 20 advanced bread wheat genotypes, were carried out in Diyarbakır province in the 2022-2023 growing season with 4 replications according to the randomized completely blocks design. According to the results of the research, the differences between the genotypes were found statistically significant for all traits except number of grains per spike, NDVI (Normalised Vegetation Differences Index) and CM1000. Among the genotypes, G6 genotype, which was developed against high temperatures, came to the forefront in terms of many traits examined. According to the results of correlation and biplot analyses, the positive and significant correlation between grain yield and spectral reflectance measurements made with spectral reflectance devices during the spike period showed that these devices can be used to determine grain yield, especially in the early drought period. In addition, it was observed that bread wheat genotypes developed for high temperature and semi-arid conditions reacted similarly to the studied traits in early drought conditions.
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Ziraat, Biplot Analizi, Ekmeklik Buğday, Korelasyon Analizi, Agriculture, Biplot Analysis, Bread Wheat, Correlation Analysis
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67