Şurût-i Ömer: İslam Tarihine Dair Bir Meşruiyet Çabası
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2018
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Abstract
Müslüman hâkimiyetini kabul eden gayrimüslimlerle imzalanan tüm ahitler, temel hak ve
hürriyetler konusunda benzer niteliklidir. Fakat Hz. Ömer dönemine atfedilen şurût-i Ömer,
içeriği ve imzalanma tarzı itibariyle diğer ahitlerden hayli farklıdır. İslam tarihi kaynaklarında
fazla yer almamakla birlikte şurût, içeriği itibariyle İslam siyasal tarihi, fütuhat süreci ve
zimmet politikalarının temel konularından birini oluşturmaktadır. Sıhhat açısından sened
itibariyle hayli sorunlu olduğunu gördüğümüz şurûtun, yer aldığı kaynakları kıyaslayarak
metin olarak da bir bütünlük arz etmediği sonucuna vardık. Fütuhat süreci ile kıyaslamalı
olarak incelediğimiz şurûtun tarihsel gerçeklerle uyuşmadığını örneklerle ortaya koyduk.
Şurûtun, Müslümanların temel hak ve hürriyetlere yaklaşımına, İslam’ın yayılış hızına, Hulefâ-i
Raşidîn uygulamalarına aykırı olması açılarından dolayı İslam tarihine dâir bir meşruiyet
çabasının ürünü olduğunu tespit ettik.
All pacts signed with non-Muslims who accepted living under the rule of Muslims are of similar character with regard to the fundamental rights and liberties. However, the covenant of Umar allegedly dating back to the period of the second caliph, Umar is quite different from other covenants in terms of the content and the manner of signing. Although the sources of Islamic history never refer to it, the covenant in question inherently stands as a subject of the history of Islamic politics, with conquests and policies concerning dhimma. It appears to be problematic regarding both the chain of narrators and the text. Through a comparative analysis between the facts of conquests and the covenant, it is seen that the covenant contradicts the historical realities. Based on that, it may be stated that the covenant of Umar indicates an attempt to legitimise subsequent practices in Islamic history.
All pacts signed with non-Muslims who accepted living under the rule of Muslims are of similar character with regard to the fundamental rights and liberties. However, the covenant of Umar allegedly dating back to the period of the second caliph, Umar is quite different from other covenants in terms of the content and the manner of signing. Although the sources of Islamic history never refer to it, the covenant in question inherently stands as a subject of the history of Islamic politics, with conquests and policies concerning dhimma. It appears to be problematic regarding both the chain of narrators and the text. Through a comparative analysis between the facts of conquests and the covenant, it is seen that the covenant contradicts the historical realities. Based on that, it may be stated that the covenant of Umar indicates an attempt to legitimise subsequent practices in Islamic history.
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Hz. Ömer, Zimmet
Turkish CoHE Thesis Center URL
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Citation
DEMİRCİ A (2018). Şurût-i Ömer: İslam Tarihine Dair Bir Meşruiyet Çabası. İnsan ve Toplum Bilimleri Araştırmaları Dergisi, 7(2), 860 - 883.
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İnsan ve Toplum Bilimleri Araştırmaları Dergisi
Volume
7
Issue
2
Start Page
860
End Page
883
Downloads
137
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