The Legitimate Religious Truth and Its Linguistic Roots from the Perspective of the Theologians: The Concept of Faith in God as a Example

Abstract

The legitimate religious truth is seen from more than one angle. Linguists, speakers and fundamentalists spoke about it. What we are concerned with here is the views of Kalam scholars. The controversy to the legitimate religious truth between Ahl al-Sunnah represented by Asha'riya and Maturidism represented by Mu'tazila is obvious. Mu'tazila separates the legitimate religious truth from linguistic rules, since religion gave it a new meaning which didn't exist before. While Asha'riya and Maturidism make language origin of the religious legitimate truth. Ibn Hazm was closer to Mu'tazilah as well as being prejudiced against Asha'riya. In the process of this disagreement a new disagreement was based on 'faith and its relationship to the works'. In this concept Mu'tazilah and Khawarij considered the works as a part of the faith, and this led Khawarij to takfeer, and led Mu'tazila to call this 'a position which is between two positions'. Contrary to this, in Asha'riya and Maturidism, which represent Ahl al-Sunnah, works are the complements of the basics of faith. This is what we are going to discuss in this research.