WoS İndeksli Yayınlar Koleksiyonu

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12514/3595

Browse

Now showing 1 - 20 of 1551

Artificial Intelligence Threats Against Family and Religion: Proposed Solutions Through the Lenses of Sunnah
(Şırnak Univ, 2025) Kiransal, Abdulaziz
This study examines the multidimensional threats posed by rapidly advancing artificial intelligence (AI) technologies to the family unit and religious values within it, through the normative framework of the Sunnah, and offers solution-oriented proposals. AI is evaluated not only as a technical development but also as an ideological tool that, shaped by a transhumanist philosophical background, transforms religious values, privacy, gender roles, and perceptions of parenthood. Threats emerging from data-driven, algorithmic, and philosophical levels include the erosion of religious values in the family, violations of privacy, the transformation of traditional gender roles, and the systematic marginalization of Islamic references. The findings reveal that AI operates not only as a technical mechanism but also as an ideological agent that reshapes the structure of the family. Accordingly, the study proposes concrete strategies from the perspective of Islamic values, based on the Sunnah of the Prophet, in response to the threats AI poses to the family unit, aiming to fill a significant gap in the existing literature. Indeed, academic studies that offer concrete solutions to AI-induced threats against the family are quite limited. The study employs a qualitative analysis method based on literature review, examining current studies on the effects of AI technologies on the family unit, and evaluates these effects in light of the fundamental principles found in the Sunnah of the Prophet. In particular, fundamental tenets and principles safeguarded by the Sunnah-such as privacy, modesty, morality, marriage, and fidelity-are interpreted in line with the higher objectives of Islamic law, including the protection of life, property, intellect, lineage, and religion. Within this framework, the study introduces novel and innovative proposals such as the "AI Family Ethics Charter," "AI-Based Family Filter Programs" and "AI Awareness Education Programs."
Citation - WoS: 10
The Effectiveness of HALP Score in Predicting Mortality in Non-ST Myocardial Infarction Patients
(Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2025) Kilic, Raif; Guzel, Tuncay; Aktan, Adem; Guzel, Hamdullah; Kaya, Ahmet Ferhat; Cankaya, Yusuf
Background:The HALP score, measured based on hemoglobin, albumin, lymphocyte, and platelet levels, is regarded as a novel scoring system that indicates the status of systemic inflammation and nutritional health. Our study aimed to evaluate the relationship between HALP score and prognosis in non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) patients. Methods Between 1 January 2020 and 1 January 2022, 568 consecutive patients diagnosed with NSTEMI from a single center were included in the study retrospectively. The patients were divided into two equal groups according to the median HALP cutoff value of 44.05. Patients were followed for at least 1 year from the date of admission. Results The average age of the patients was 62.3 +/- 10.6 years and 43.7% were female. In-hospital and 1-year mortality were found to be significantly higher in the group with low HALP scores (6.0 vs. 2.1%, P = 0.019 and 22.5 vs. 9.9%, P < 0.001, respectively). In receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, a cutoff level of 34.6 of the HALP score predicted 1-year mortality with 71% sensitivity and 65% specificity (area under the curve: 0.707, 95% confidence interval: 0.651-0.762, P < 0.001). In Kaplan-Meier analysis, higher mortality rates were observed over time in the group with lower HALP scores (log-rank test=16.767, P < 0.001). In Cox regression analysis, the HALP score was found to be an independent predictor of 1-year mortality (odds ratio: 0.969, 95% confidence interval: 0.958-0.981, P < 0.001). Conclusion We found that a low HALP score could predict in-hospital and 1-year mortality in patients admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of NSTEMI.
Comparative Evaluation of Machine Learning Models for Discriminating Honey Geographic Origin Based on Altitude-Dependent Mineral Profiles
(MDPI, 2025) Gurbuz, Semra; Kivrak, Seyda
Authenticating the geographical origin of honey is crucial for ensuring its quality and preventing fraudulent labeling. This study investigates the influence of altitude on the mineral composition of honey and comparatively evaluates the performance of chemometric and machine learning models for its geographic discrimination. Honey samples from three distinct altitude regions in T & uuml;rkiye were analyzed for their mineral content using Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). Results revealed that Calcium (Ca), Potassium (K), and Sodium (Na) were the predominant minerals. A significant moderate negative correlation was found between altitude and Ca concentration (r = -0.483), alongside a weak negative correlation with Copper (Cu) (r = -0.371). Among the five supervised models tested (Partial Least Squares-Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA), Random Forest (RF), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), and Artificial Neural Network (ANN)), PLS-DA achieved the highest classification accuracy (94.9%). Variable importance analysis consistently identified Ca as the most influential discriminator across all models, followed by Barium (Ba) and Cu. These minerals, therefore, represent key markers for differentiating honey by geographical origin. This research demonstrates that an integrated model utilizing mineral profiles provides a robust, practical, and reliable method for the geographical authentication of honey.
Effects of Spice Mixtures and Konjac Glucomannan-Whey Protein Isolate Based Edible Films on the Microbiological Stability and Textural Properties of Cheese
(MDPI, 2025) Celikel Gungor, Asli; Akin, Mutlu Buket; Ozer, Emir Ayse
Some of the main factors affecting the product quality and shelf life of cheese include weight loss during storage, microbial spoilage, and structural changes in processing technology. Edible films are coating materials produced with the aim of improving quality properties and extending shelf life, and various studies have been conducted on their properties. However, research examining the effects of coatings enriched with spice-derived natural antimicrobial compounds is scarce in relation to cheese quality. In this study, edible films and spice mixtures were applied to cheese during storage, and their effects on weight loss, textural properties, and microbiological stability were investigated. Response surface methodology was used to determine the edible films and spice mixtures used in the coatings. The amounts of whey protein isolate and konjac glucomannan in the composition of edible films were found to affect water vapor permeability, elongation coefficient, and tensile strength properties; in the spice mixtures, thyme, rosemary, and red pepper were found to have antifungal effects. Based on the data obtained, it was determined that applying an edible film coating to the cheese surface reduced weight loss and improved textural properties, while applying a spice mixture coating increased microbial stability. This study demonstrates that the use of edible films supported by natural protective components could be a practically applicable, innovative, and sustainable approach to improving the properties of cheese and extending its shelf life.
Advanced Fault Classification in Induction Motors for Electric Vehicles Using a Stacking Ensemble Learning Approach
(MDPI, 2025) Benkaihoul, Said; Khadar, Saad; Ozupak, Yildirim; Aslan, Emrah; Almalki, Mishari Metab; Mossa, Mahmoud A.
This study proposes an innovative stacking ensemble learning framework for classifying faults in induction motors utilized in Electric Vehicles (EVs). Employing a comprehensive dataset comprising motor data, such as speed, torque, current, and voltage, the analysis encompasses six distinct conditions: normal operating mode, over-voltage fault, under-voltage fault, overloading fault, phase-to-phase fault, and phase-to-ground fault. The proposed model integrates Gradient Boosting (GB), K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Decision Tree (DT), and Random Forest (RF) algorithms in a synergistic manner. The findings reveal that the RF-GB-DT-XGBoost combination achieves a remarkable accuracy of 98.53%, significantly surpassing other methods reported in the literature. Performance is evaluated through metrics including accuracy, precision, sensitivity, and F1-score, with results analyzed in comparison to practical applications and existing studies. Validated with real-world data, this study demonstrates that the proposed model offers a groundbreaking solution for predictive maintenance systems in the EV industry, exhibiting high generalization capacity despite complex operating conditions. This approach holds transformative potential for both academic research and industrial applications. The dataset used in this study was generated using a MATLAB 2018/Simulink-based Variable Frequency Drive (VFD) model that emulates real-world EV operating conditions rather than relying solely on laboratory data. This ensures that the developed model accurately reflects practical electric vehicle environments.
Role of Machine Learning Segmentation Method Based on CT Images in Preoperative Staging of Oral Cavity Cancer
(Springer, 2025) Can, Sermin; Succo, Giovanni; Coskun, Cengiz; Korkmaz, Mehmet Hakan; Akdag, Mehmet
ObjectiveThe article aims to demonstrate, using oral cavity SCC as an example, that machine learning can accurately predict the T and N staging of OSCC, using the conventional radiologist/ surgeon interpretation of the scan as the reference standard.Materials and methodsTwo datasets for tumor mass and nodal metastasis were used in this study. Each of the datasets consists of 179 Contrast-enhanced Computed Tomography images. A customized U-Net deep learning architecture was employed for the segmentation of tumor masses and nodal metastases. Comprehensive maps of the tumor mass and metastatic lymph nodes were generated. Following this mapping process, the dimensions of the identified lesions were measured and classified according to the Tumor and Lymph Node Metastasis classification system. The resulting classifications were then compared with those established by a radiologist to assess accuracy.ResultsThe performance metrics for tumor mass and metastasis segmentation were as follows: binary accuracy value of 98.81% and 99.58%, respectively. The accuracy values were 75.00% for tumor grade classification and 97.22% for nodal status classification.ConclusionWe emphasize that machine learning-based segmentation methods effectively predict tumor mapping and staging in oral cavity tumors, demonstrating correlation with surgeons/radiologists' assessments. As such, this model can be a diagnostic tool that supports clinicians in making informed therapeutic decisions. We foresee that, with the continuous evolution of technology, the segmentation model employed in our study will undergo significant advancements, ultimately facilitating three-dimensional tumor mapping in the near future.
A Study on the Low-Cost Synthesis of Selenium Nanoparticles From Chickpea Agricultural Wastes With an Environmentally Friendly Approach and Their Potential as Anticancer Agents
(Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH, 2025) Baran, Ayse; Dogan, Serap
Nanoparticles are esteemed commodities owing to their exceptional physicochemical characteristics. They are utilized effectively throughout various domains, ranging from agriculture to the aerospace business. Owing to ecological considerations, green synthesis is significantly essential among the strategies for procuring these products using ecologically sustainable technology. This work synthesized selenium nanoparticles (Se NPs) from chickpea plant peels, an agricultural waste, using an environmentally acceptable, cost-effective, and easy method. The characteristics of these valuable Se NPs were ascertained through UV-visible spectrophotometry (UV-vis), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and atomic force microscopy (AFM) analyses It was established that Se NPs predominantly exhibited spherical and hexagonal morphologies, with peak absorbance at wavelengths of 290 and 360 nm. It was established that Se NPs had a surface charge distribution of -21.8 mV. The synthesized Se nanoparticles exhibited an 85.53% suppression of A549 and OVCAR-3 cancer cells, as evaluated by the MTT experiment. They were demonstrated to be important in inhibiting cancer cells.
Evaluation of Antibiotic Resistance, Staphylococci Carriage and Biochemical Parameters of Intensive Care Unit Patients
(Nature Portfolio, 2025) Aslan, Ercan; Cetik Yildiz, Songul
Carriers and diseases caused by Staphylococci, one of the important hospital pathogens, are an important problem in the emergence of antibiotic resistance and finding effective treatments. Our study aimed to investigate the relationship between changes in hematological and biochemical parameters and the development of antibiotic-resistant Staphylococcus infections in patients hospitalized in the intensive care unit (ICU). The study included the 1st and 5th day data of 100 patients who had been hospitalized in the adult ICU for at least 5 days. Demographic data, blood and biochemical parameters and culture samples of the patients were evaluated. The higher NLR, CRP, LAC, and WBC values and lower HGB values observed on the 5th day compared to the 1st day suggest that patients in the ICU were likely exposed to hospital-acquired Staphylococcus infections, which adversely affected their prognosis. Indeed, the 31 Staphylococcus strains identified were isolated from blood (18), sputum (6), wound (4), urine (0), stool (0) and, catheter (3) cultures. It was determined that the most isolated strains, S. aureus, were resistant to levofloxacin, erythomycin, tetracycline, nitroforantoin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, oxacillin MIC, clindamycin, fusidic acid and oxsf. Based on our results, the observed increase in hematological and biochemical values on day 5 relative to day 1 reinforces the probability of hospital-acquired infection. Since this situation will put the life of the patient and the individuals related to the patient at risk, monitoring these values, early diagnosis and initiation of treatment are vital.
Nonlinear Modeling of Temperature-Driven Mycelial Growth Reveals Divergent Thermal Niches in Multinucleate and Binucleate Rhizoctonia Isolates
(American Chemical Society, 2025) Turkkan, Muharrem; Ozer, Goksel; Dervis, Sibel
Temperature fundamentally governs fungal growth and pathogenic potential, yet conventional polynomial approaches often produce biologically unrealistic cardinal temperature estimates. Robust thermal performance characterization is crucial for disease risk prediction and elucidating the ecological adaptations of Rhizoctonia spp., a soilborne pathogen of substantial economic and ecological significance. We conducted a systematic comparison of 11 nonlinear regression frameworks to describe temperature-dependent mycelial growth dynamics across 17 isolates, encompassing 11 binucleate (BN) Rhizoctonia and six multinucleate (MN) R. solani anastomosis groups (AGs). We evaluated model performance using a multicriteria approach that combined goodness-of-fit statistics (adjusted R-2, RMSE, SE) with information-theoretic measures (AICc, Akaike weights omega(i)). No single model proved universally superior. However, asymmetric models consistently outperformed symmetric ones in capturing nonlinear thermal responses. Thermal characterization using the best-fit models revealed divergent ecological strategies: BN Rhizoctonia isolates showed broad thermal tolerance ranges (base temperature, T-b: 5.43-13.86 degrees C; optimal temperature, T-opt: 19.42-31.03 degrees C), indicative of generalist adaptation. Conversely, MN R. solani isolates exhibited restricted, elevated-temperature preferences (T-b: 7.18-15.47 degrees C; T-opt: 24.70-28.39 degrees C), reflecting a specialized, highly aggressive pathogenic phenotype. Bootstrap resampling (n = 1,000) confirmed overwhelming statistical significance for all cardinal parameters (p < 10(-9)), with optimal temperatures exhibiting the highest precision (median SE = 0.28 degrees C). Our findings highlight the value of nonlinear, biologically grounded models-notably Segmented and Weibull formulations-for resolving thermal growth kinetics in Rhizoctonia spp. The multicriteria model selection strategy we present has wide-ranging applicability to ecophysiological investigations and facilitates climate-adaptive approaches to disease forecasting and integrated management.
Relationships Among Mediterranean Diet Adherence, Sustainable Food Literacy, and Depression in Healthcare Professionals
(BMC, 2025) Ornek, Nesrin O.; Akcali, Caglar; Ozyurt, Mehmet
Background The Mediterranean diet has been linked to beneficial physical and mental health outcomes, whereas sustainable food literacy supports environmentally responsible and health-conscious eating behaviors. Healthcare professionals, owing to their societal role, are a critical group for promoting these practices. Objectives This study aimed to examine the relationships among Mediterranean diet adherence, sustainable food literacy, and depression levels among healthcare workers and to explore their associations with demographic and lifestyle factors. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted with 251 healthcare workers. Data were collected via the Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener (MEDAS), the Sustainable Food Literacy Scale, and the Beck Depression Inventory. Statistical analyses included correlation and regression models. Results Compared with men, women scored higher on the sustainable food literacy subdimension. Nonsmokers demonstrated greater adherence to the Mediterranean diet, whereas individuals with chronic diseases had higher depression scores. Individuals with chronic diseases reported higher depression levels. The lowest adherence rates within the MEDAS items were observed for wine, fish and seafood, and fruit consumption, whereas the highest adherence was found for using tomato-garlic-onion sauces and preferring white over red meat. The participants with minimal depression reported significantly higher MEDAS and food literacy (knowledge subscale) scores than did those with severe depression. MEDAS scores were positively correlated with sustainable food literacy and negatively correlated with body mass index. Regression analysis indicated that depression negatively predicted both the MEDAS score and the sustainable food literacy score. Conclusions The findings emphasize the interconnectedness of adherence to the Mediterranean diet lozenge, sustainable food literacy, and mental health among healthcare professionals. Integrating nutrition education and promoting the Mediterranean diet may enhance psychological well-being while fostering sustainable eating behaviours. Future research should expand to diverse professional groups and evaluate the impact of targeted interventions.
Decarbonizing Buildings With Autoclaved Aerated Concrete (AAC): Climate-Specific Meta-Analysis of Global Performance
(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2025) Azhar, Jasim; Aydin, Serdar; Zami, Mohammad Sharif
The building sector, which accounts for 40% of global energy consumption and 36% of CO2 emissions, requires immediate access to scalable low-carbon materials. The theoretical thermal advantages of Autoclaved Aerated Concrete (AAC) remain incomplete because field performance reports show inconsistent results between 15% and 50% energy savings, and multiple unaddressed implementation challenges have prevented its strategic adoption. The systematic review used worldwide climate-based empirical data to resolve existing performance discrepancies and develop practical implementation strategies. The meta-analysis of 12 studies comprising 847 dwelling units, assessed using CASP and ROBINS-I quality tools, showed that energy savings depend on climate zone: hot-arid zones achieving 48.3% (95% CI: 42.1-54.5%), cold-temperate zones 32.7% (27.3-38.1%), and hot-humid zones 28.4% (22.9-33.9%). The strongest predictor of performance was cooling degree days (beta = 0.0089, p < 0.001), while implementation quality explained 26% of performance variation. Economic modelling revealed median payback periods from 4.2 years (hot-arid) to 9.7 years (cold-temperate), with a 78-92% probability of positive lifetime returns. Carbon pricing at $50/tCO(2) reduces payback by 23%. The research develops a climate-oriented analytical system that analyses performance variations to help designers and policymakers achieve maximum AAC decarbonization results by combining environmental data with system information and financial metrics. [GRAPHICS] .
Inclusive Leadership's Impact on Career Sustainability: Understanding the Mediating Role of Thriving at Work in Humanitarian Organizations
(Routledge Journals, Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2025) Dawoud, Almohammad; Cumali, Kilic; Bek, Danya Raouf
This study examines the influence of Inclusive Leadership (IL) on Thriving at Work (TW) and Career Sustainability (CS), with a particular focus on the mediating role of thriving in Humanitarian Organizations (HOs). Drawing on Self-Determination Theory (SDT), the Job Demands-Resources (JD-R) model, and Social Information Processing Theory (SIPT), the research presents IL as a contextual resource that encourages psychological safety, fairness, and openness. By fostering these conditions, IL strengthens employees' vitality and capacity for learning, enabling them to remain adaptable and maintain their careers in demanding environments. Survey data were collected from 264 employees working in both international and local humanitarian organizations, and structural equation modeling (SEM) was applied to test the proposed framework. The results indicate that IL has a positive effect on TW, and that thriving partially mediates the link between IL and CS. This demonstrates the crucial role of thriving in converting Inclusive Leadership behaviors into long-term career outcomes. Theoretically, the study advances leadership and career research by integrating IL, thriving, and sustainability into a unified framework. Practically, it suggests that humanitarian organizations should prioritize leadership development and foster supportive environments that build resilience, promote continuous learning, and enhance employee well-being.
Determining the Self-Evaluation Levels of Nursing Students' Competency in Child Patient Safety
(BMC, 2025) Butun, Ahmet; Ertekin, Kubra
Introduction The competency of nursing students in ensuring child patient safety is crucial in the healthcare landscape, particularly with the increasing emphasis on patient-centred care and safety within clinical settings. This study aims to determine the self-evaluation levels of paediatric patient safety competence among nursing students. Methods This study is a descriptive cross-sectional study. The setting of the study was Faculty of Health Sciences at the Public University located at southeastern of Turkey. The population of the study consists of 3rd and 4th-year nursing students at Faculty of Health Sciences (N = 190). A total of 162 nursing students participated in this study. Convenience sampling was used to recruit participants. Data were collected between May 12, 2025 and May 30, 2025. The data were collected by using questionnaire technique with a data collection form consisting of 3 parts: (1) demographic characteristic form, (2) Patient Safety Competency Self-Evaluation Tool, and (3) Competency Scale for Pediatric Nursing for Nursing Students. The data analysis was conducted using IBM SPSS. Results Nursing students generally have a moderate to high level of competence regarding patient safety, but they need development in certain areas such as safe medication administration. Clinical experience with paediatric patients was significantly associated with higher competency scores across all domains (p < .05). Additionally, the significantly higher patient safety and paediatric nursing competency scores of students with clinical experience highlight the importance of practical training. Receiving formal training on child health showed no significant impact on competency levels (p > .05). The majority of students (93.2%) reported a strong desire for additional training, particularly in safe medication administration, which was identified as their greatest area of concern. Conclusion This study revealed that nursing students generally have a moderate to high level of competence regarding patient safety, but they need development in certain areas such as safe medication administration. Additionally, the significantly higher patient safety and paediatric nursing competency scores of students with clinical experience highlight the importance of practical training. Vast majority of nursing students requested additional training on paediatric patient safety. Recommendations include enhancing simulation-based learning, integrating mentorship programs, and expanding paediatric-specific modules in nursing curricula to better prepare students for safe and effective paediatric care.
Clinicopathological Predictors of Central Lymph Node Metastasis in Clinically Node-Negative Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma: A Retrospective Cohort Analysis
(Springer, 2025) Sakiz, Davut; Calapkulu, Murat; Sencar, Muhammed Erkam; Unsal, Ilknur Ozturk; Kartal, Mehmet Zabit; Ucan, Bekir; Cakal, Erman
PurposeThis retrospective cohort study aimed to identify clinicopathological predictors of central lymph node metastasis (CLNM) in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC).MethodsA total of 503 patients with PTC who underwent thyroidectomy with central lymph node dissection were included. Preoperative clinical data, ultrasonographic features, and postoperative histopathological characteristics were analyzed.ResultsCLNM was detected in 209 (41.55%) patients. Male sex (odds ratio [OR] = 3.12, 95% CI: 1.82-5.35), irregular nodule borders (OR = 2.02, 95% CI: 1.25-3.26) and higher risk categories in the American Thyroid Association (ATA) ultrasonographic pattern stratification system (OR = 13.312, 95% CI: 8.623-20.551) were identified as independent preoperative predictors of CLNM. A simplified model incorporating only the ATA ultrasonographic pattern stratification system and male sex achieved 83.5% accuracy in predicting CLNM. Histopathological evaluation revealed lymphovascular invasion (OR = 4.61, 95% CI: 2.81-7.55), extrathyroidal extension (OR = 2.41, 95% CI: 1.52-3.83), and multifocality (OR = 1.58, 95% CI: 1.04-2.40) as independent predictors of CLNM, while lymphocytic thyroiditis (OR = 0.59, 95% CI: 0.39-0.89) was a protective factor.ConclusionThis study establishes that ATA ultrasonographic suspicion patterns combined with the male sex provide an accurate and simplified model for preoperative CLNM prediction in PTC, outperforming complex nomograms. Key independent predictors included male sex, irregular nodule margins, ATA high-risk patterns, lymphovascular invasion, extrathyroidal extension, and multifocality, while lymphocytic thyroiditis was protective. According to the current study, risk assessment and personalized management should favor a holistic approach, rather than focusing solely on individual risk factors.
Evaluation of the Relationship Between Lung Ultrasound Findings and Degree of Obstruction in Newly Diagnosed Pediatric Asthma Patients
(BMC, 2025) Gungor, Emre; Orhan, Ozhan; Dogan, Selcuk; Buyuksahin, Halime Nayir
Background Lung ultrasound (LUS) is a rapid and accurate tool for diagnosing respiratory distress in children, though data on its findings in pediatric asthma is limited. This study aimed to evaluate LUS findings in children with asthma and their relationship with respiratory function test parameters at diagnosis. Methods A prospective cross-sectional study included 6-18-year-old patients newly diagnosed with asthma by a pediatric allergist or pulmonologist, capable of performing spirometry. The Asthma Control Questionnaire (ACQ-7) was administered. LUS was performed by a blinded pediatric emergency specialist using a six-region scanning protocol. LUS artifacts included >= 3 B-lines per intercostal space, pulmonary consolidation, or pleural abnormalities. Results Of 105 patients, positive LUS findings were observed in 76 (70.4%): 61 had focal B-lines, 36 had small consolidations (< 1 cm), 3 had >= 3 B-lines, and 5 had larger consolidations (> 1 cm). Focal B-lines were mostly found in posterior zones (65.5%), confined to 1-2 intercostal spaces. No correlation was found between LUS findings and FEV1 or FEF25-75 parameters, but higher LUS scores were associated with poorer asthma control (ACQ-7, p = 0.007). Conclusions These findings suggest that LUS may serve as a non-invasive adjunct in assessing asthma severity in newly diagnosed children.
Probiotics Containing Lactobacillus Are Promising Candidates for Cisplatin-Induced Cardiotoxicity
(Nature Portfolio, 2025) Alhilal, Mohammad; Dabaniyasti, Eylul Turunc; Sengul, Emin; Ucar, Mahmut; Yilmaz, Ahmet; Alhilal, Suzan; Yildirim, Serkan
This study examined the effects of the mixture of probiotics Lactobacillus (Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus fermentum, and Lactobacillus brevis) against cardiotoxicity induced by cisplatin (CP) in rats by monitoring markers of oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in cardiac tissue. For this study, 28 male rats were divided into four groups as follows: Control, CP, Lactobacillus + CP, and Lactobacillus. Experimental cardiotoxicity was induced by CP. The activity of cardiac enzymes in serum and indicators of oxidative stress and nitric oxide (NO) in heart tissues were measured using biochemical methods. Inflammation, apoptosis, and DNA damage were also assessed in cardiac tissue by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence. CP administration caused a significant increases (p < 0.01) in malondialdehyde (1.53 +/- 0.21), NO (77.83 +/- 4.26), and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) (80.50 +/- 1.64) levels as well as marked decreases (p < 0.01) in the activity of superoxide dismutase (0.93 +/- 0.15) and the level of glutathione (1.87 +/- 0.20) in the CP group compared with those in the control group (0.88 +/- 0.19, 53.67 +/- 5.32, 21.67 +/- 0.81, 1.39 +/- 0.29, 2.64 +/- 0.28, respectively). This imbalance in the oxidant/antioxidant system was accompanied by increased expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax), and caspase-3. CP also caused degenerative and necrotic changes in cardiac tissues and increased cardiac biomarkers, such as serum creatine kinase, creatine kinase myocardial band, lactate dehydrogenase, and troponin I. In contrast, the Lactobacillus probiotic administration significantly reduced (p < 0.01) malondialdehyde (1.04 +/- 0.21) and NO (56.33 +/- 5.39) levels in the Lactobacillus + CP group compared with those in the CP group, and significantly increased (p < 0.01) GSH levels (2.33 +/- 0.14) in the Lactobacillus + CP group compared with that in the CP group. Lactobacillus probiotic also decreased TNF-alpha, 8-OHdG, Bax, and caspase-3 expression, and increased the expression of B-cell lymphoma 2. This enhanced the histopathology of the heart and positively affected cardiac biomarkers. In conclusion, the probiotic Lactobacillus reversed cardiotoxicity by suppressing oxidative stress, attenuating the inflammatory process, and improving the proteins that regulate apoptosis. Our findings support the use of probiotics to treat cardiotoxicity resulting from cancer therapy with CP.
Decoding the DNA of Anatolian Water Buffalo by Genome-Wide Discoveries for Body Size and Ultrasound Carcass Traits
(BMC, 2025) Cinkaya, Samet; Tekerli, Mustafa; Erdogan, Metin; Demirtas, Mustafa; Kocak, Serdar; Celikeloglu, Koray; Kaplan, Yusuf
BackgroundBody size and carcass traits are economically significant in livestock, contributing to productivity and meat quality improvement in breeding programs. Understanding the genetic basis of these traits can enhance selection strategies for livestock improvement. This research was carried out to identify genomic regions associated with body size and ultrasound carcass traits using the single-step genome-wide association study (ssGWAS) in Anatolian water buffaloes. Data consisted of wither height (WH), hip height (HH), body length (BL), chest width (CW), hip width (HW), chest circumference (CC), cannon-bone circumference (CBC), Musculus longissimus dorsi depth (MLDD), and subcutaneous fat thickness (SFT) records of 313 yearling buffaloes were used in the association analyses. Genotyping was carried out by using the 90 K Axiom Buffalo Genotyping array. Association analyses using genomic relationship matrix (GRM) were performed by WOMBAT software. ResultsTwenty SNPs were found to be genome-wide significant according to the FDR thresholds controlled at p < 0.01. Genes previously associated with body size and fat-related traits, including TRPC7, CEP290, KITLG, TMTC3, NELL2, DBX2, GLI2, BRINP1, TLR4, NYAP2, SORCS3, PIK3C3, LEP, RSPO2, and GTPBP4, were identified in this study. ConclusionThe identification of novel and previously associated genes could enhance genetic improvement, contributing to the understanding of the genetic basis of body morphology in buffaloes.
Kynurenine Pathway Metabolites as Potential Biomarkers in Age-Related Macular Degeneration: An ELISA-Based Prospective Study
(BMC, 2025) Dundar, Ahmet; Cetik Yildiz, Songul
ObjectivesAge-related macular degeneration (AMD), in which oxidative stress, inflammation and metabolic imbalances play a role in its pathogenesis, is one of the leading causes of irreversible vision loss. The kynurenine (KYN) pathway, one of the principal routes of tryptophan (TRP) metabolism, constitutes an important mechanism in retinal neurodegeneration. Based on this information, our study aimed to compare the serum TRP, KYN, kynurenic acid (KYNA), 3-hydroxykynurenine (3HK), 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid (3HAA) and, quinolinic acid (QA) levels of AMD patients and to investigate the diagnostic values of these biomarkers.MethodsSerum samples were collected from AMD patients and control groups. TRP, KYN, KYNA, 3HK, 3HAA, and QA levels were measured using a commercial ELISA method. KYN pathway activity, KYN/TRP and, KYNA/3HK ratios were also assessed. Mann-Whitney U test, ROC analysis, Spearman correlation were applied for statistical comparisons.ResultsAccording to our results, 3HK was significantly higher in the AMD group, while TRP, KYN, QA, and KYNA/3HK ratio were higher in the control. ROC analysis revealed 3HK to be the strongest discriminatory marker. The KYNA/3HK ratio also provided significant diagnostic value. Correlation analysis revealed strong negative correlations between 3HK and KYN, QA, and especially KYNA/3HK. Conversely, strong positive correlations were found between KYN and KYNA/3HK, and between TRP, KYN, QA, and KYNA.ConclusionKYN pathway metabolites exhibit significant alterations in patients with AMD. 3HK levels and the reduction of the KYNA/3HK ratio suggest a disruption of the neurotoxic-neuroprotective balance and imply that KYN pathway dysfunction may play a role in the pathogenesis of AMD. Among the biomarkers examined, 3HK displayed the highest diagnostic performance, while the KYNA/3HK ratio emerged as an additional biological indicator. These findings indicate that 3HK and the KYNA/3HK ratio may serve as potential biomarker candidates for the early diagnosis and monitoring of AMD.
Investigating the Role of Plate Material on Memorability in the Dining Experience
(Elsevier, 2025) Akbulut, Ekin; Yalcin, Yavuz
This study examines the effects of presenting the same dish on different plate materials (porcelain and marble) on consumer perceptions and the memorability of the dining experience. A qualitative research design was adopted, utilizing the interview technique with a semi-structured interview form for data collection. Interviews were conducted in two stages to evaluate short-term and long-term memory effects. The participants were shown dishes presented on two different plates and their perceptions were evaluated in a controlled environment. The data were analyzed using the MAXQDA 24 program. Through the codes and themes generated from the comments in the program, the elements that shape the role of the plate material on memorability in the dining experience were identified. The findings revealed five main themes (visual aesthetic perception, hygiene and health perception, integration of food and presentation, compliance with consumer expectations and memorability) along with ten sub-themes. The majority of participants (80 %) described marble plates as remarkable, luxurious and aesthetic, while porcelain plates were described as hygienic, common and classic. Marble plates were found to be more memorable due to their visual contrast, photographability and site-specific presentation. The results indicate that plate material should be evaluated not only for its functional properties but also for its experiential impact and marketing value. Accordingly, it is recommended that restaurants consider multidimensional criteria such as aesthetics, hygiene, brand identity, and target audience in their choice of plate materials.
Impact of Iron Deficiency Anemia on Electrocardiographic Markers in Pediatric Patients
(Wiley, 2025) Orhan, Ozhan; Aktan, Adem
Background Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is a condition in which healthy red blood cells are inadequately produced in children and, if left untreated, can lead to serious health problems. The impact of IDA on electrocardiographic (ECG) markers in children has not been sufficiently investigated, emphasizing the need for more comprehensive studies in this regard.Methods This study, conducted in our clinic, includes 75 children diagnosed with anemia and a control group of 77 healthy children. ECG analysis was employed to assess depolarization and repolarization parameters, including measurements such as QT interval, Tp-e interval (Tp-e), cardiac electrophysiological balance index (iCEB), and frontal QRS-T angle.Results The ECG parameters of children with IDA and ferritin levels below 15 ng/mL were contrasted with those of healthy children having ferritin levels exceeding 25 ng/mL. The anemic group exhibited significantly higher values for QT interval, corrected QT (QTc), Tp-e, P-wave dispersion (PWd), QT dispersion (QTd), corrected QTd, Tp-e dispersion, iCEB, and corrected iCEB compared to the control group. In the Pearson correlation analysis, a weak and negative correlation was found between ferritin levels and QT dispersion (p = 0.002) and QTc dispersion (p = 0.039). No significant relationship was detected between other parameters. These observations imply that IDA in children might induce alterations in depolarization and repolarization, potentially elevating the susceptibility to arrhythmias.Conclusions Our study demonstrated significant alterations in certain electrocardiographic parameters in children with IDA. These findings suggest that iron deficiency may influence cardiac repolarization and highlight the potential role of ECG monitoring in the early stages.

Browse

Recent Submissions