Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Branched Magnetic Chitosan Nanocomposite with Carboxyl Group for Anti-Cancer Drug Loading and Release System

Abstract

Background: Chemotherapy is used one of the best methods in cancer treatment. One of the most important problems of cancer chemotherapy nowadays is used that the anti-cancer drugs do not have the ability to recognize cancer cells and show toxic effects on healthy cells 1,2,3. In addition, administration of high doses of the drug is given to the body to provide a therapeutic dose concentration, this situation is causes severe side effects and systemic toxicity, and if not controlled it can result in death. Therefore, delivering the drug to target cell within the body and developing of drug delivery system providing controlled release are of great importance. In recent years, the development of the systems in which drug is delivered magnetically to the target is drawing considerable attention since it is a current issue. It is possible to eliminate the most of the problems caused by high doses of chemotherapy by using the magnetic drug delivery systems. Methods: In this study, we synthesized and characterized the novel branched carboxymethyl chitosan magnetic nanocomposite with NαNα-Bis (Carboxymethyl)-L-Lysine Hydrate (NTA)4,5,6 and drug loading and release conditions and drug loading efficiency were studied with the novel branched magnetic chitosan for the anti-cancer drug topotecan. Results: Biocompatible and biodegradable polymer was used as chitosan and the novel branched polymer was successfully synthesized and characterized with different analytical devices such as Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Energy Dispersive X-Ray Analysis (EDX), and X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS). Drug loading and release studies were followed by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Conclusions: The drug loading yield was found to 54.1% for the novel branched polymer nanocomposite. Percentage of drug released was found to 2.68 % during 90 minute and after 40 minute, it was observed that the release came to balance. On the other hand, it was found to the novel branched polymer has good drug loading capacity.