Hümanist psikanaliz açısından Pınar Kür'ün romanları
Date
2019
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Mardin Artuklu Üniversitesi
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Abstract
Edebî bir tür olarak romanın gelişimi;klasik, modern ve postmodern olmak üzere üç temel safhada gerçekleşerek günümüze gelmektedir. Modern romanın postmodern anlayışa evrilişinde bir ara dönem olan modernist roman dönemi, hem Batı hem de Türk edebiyatında önemli bir kırılma noktasıdır. Bu kırılmaya neden olan gelişmelerde; bir bilim olarak psikanalizin doğuşu ve gelişimi ile varoluşçu felsefenin öne sürdüğü görüşler önemli bir yere sahiptir. Türk edebiyatının modernist anlayışa uygun eser veren yazarlarından biri olan Pınar Kür; kaleme aldığı romanlarda, psikanaliz ve varoluşçuluğun etkisiyle, roman karakterlerinin çevreleriyle yaşadığı sorunları ve bu sorunların onların iç dünyalarında yarattığı değişimi derinlikli olarak işlemiştir. Ancak bu roman karakterlerinin yaşadığı varoluşsal sorunların derinliğini çözümleyen kapsamlı bir çalışma henüz yapılmamıştır. Bu bağlamda, yapılan tez çalışmasının temel amacı, Erich Fromm'un görüşlerine dayanan Hümanist Psikanaliz çerçevesinde, Pınar Kür'ün romanlarında yaşanan varoluşsal sorunları çözümlemektir. Yapılan çözümleme sonucu, Kür'ün romanlarında, toplumun normlarına göre şekillenen sosyal karakter özelliklerine uygun eğilim gösterme sonucu bireysel taleplerin aksatılmasından veya özgün ve özgür bir bireysel karakter oluşturmak adına toplumun dayattığı sosyal rollere direnç göstermekten kaynaklanan sorunlar tespit edildi. Bununla birlikte toplumdan soyutlanma sonucu yaşanan patolojik (hastalıklı) sorunların nedenlerine değinildi. Bu tez çalışmasının, kurmaca metinlere yönelik çalışma yapacaklar için yeni bir çözümleme tekniği sunacağı ve uygulanan tekniğin psikanalitik eleştiri yöntemine zenginlik kazandıracağı umulmaktadır.
The development of novel as a literary genre comes today with three basis phases which are classical, modern and postmodern. The period of modernist novel, which is an interim period in the evolution of modern novel to postmodern understanding, is an important breaking point in both Western and Turkish literature. One of developments that caused this break is emergence and development of Psychoanalysis as a science and the views put forward by Existentialist philosophy have an important place. In the course of revealing the existence of the characters, Pinar Kur, who is one of the modernist novelists of Turkish literature, has edited the changes that have created problems in the caracters' inner worlds with the effects of psychoanalysis and existentialism. However, a comprehensive study that analyses the depth of existential problems experienced by these characters has not been done yet. In this context, the main purpose of the thesis is to analyse the existential problems in Pinar Kur's novels within the framework of Erich Fromm's Humanist Psychoanalytic Theory. As a result of analysis, the characters in Pinar Kur's novels, has tended according to the social character which is shaped according to the norms of society, then disruption of individual demands or in name of to create a unique and free individual character problems arising from resisting social roles imposed by society have been identified. However, problems that lead to pathological (diseased) situations as a result of isolation from society were also mentioned. It is hoped that this thesis will present a new analysis technique for the researchers of modernist novels and novelists and that the applied technique will enrich the psychoanalytic criticism method.
The development of novel as a literary genre comes today with three basis phases which are classical, modern and postmodern. The period of modernist novel, which is an interim period in the evolution of modern novel to postmodern understanding, is an important breaking point in both Western and Turkish literature. One of developments that caused this break is emergence and development of Psychoanalysis as a science and the views put forward by Existentialist philosophy have an important place. In the course of revealing the existence of the characters, Pinar Kur, who is one of the modernist novelists of Turkish literature, has edited the changes that have created problems in the caracters' inner worlds with the effects of psychoanalysis and existentialism. However, a comprehensive study that analyses the depth of existential problems experienced by these characters has not been done yet. In this context, the main purpose of the thesis is to analyse the existential problems in Pinar Kur's novels within the framework of Erich Fromm's Humanist Psychoanalytic Theory. As a result of analysis, the characters in Pinar Kur's novels, has tended according to the social character which is shaped according to the norms of society, then disruption of individual demands or in name of to create a unique and free individual character problems arising from resisting social roles imposed by society have been identified. However, problems that lead to pathological (diseased) situations as a result of isolation from society were also mentioned. It is hoped that this thesis will present a new analysis technique for the researchers of modernist novels and novelists and that the applied technique will enrich the psychoanalytic criticism method.
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Keywords
Modernist roman, Pınar Kür, psikanalitik eleştiri, varoluşçuluk, Erich Fromm, Modernist novel, Pinar Kur, psychoanalytic criticism, Existentialism, Erich Fromm, Türk Dili ve Edebiyatı, Turkish Language and Literature, Hümanizm, Humanism, Kür, Pınar, Kür, Pınar, Psikanalitik Eleştiri Kuramı, Psychoanalytic Criticism Theory, Psikanaliz, Psychoanalysis, Roman, Novel, Türk edebiyatı, Turkish literature, Yeni Türk edebiyatı, New Turkish literature
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1
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192