PAULUS, İSA MESİH’İN ELÇİSİ MİYDİ?
Loading...
Date
2019
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Open Access Color
OpenAIRE Downloads
OpenAIRE Views
Abstract
Paulus, birçok araştırmacıya göre geleneksel Hristiyanlığın kurucusudur. Çünkü İsa’nın tarih sahnesinden
çekilmesi sonrasında, “İsa Mesih’in hizmetkârı” (δοῦλος
Χριστοῦ Ἰησοῦ) ve “ulusların havarisi” (ἀπόστολος τῶν
ἐθνῶν) olduğu iddialarıyla ortaya çıkmış; Mesih’in ölümü
ve dirilişi rivayetlerine soteriyolojik anlamlar yüklemiştir.
Geleneksel Kilise ise Paulus’un bu doğrultudaki teolojik
görüşlerini esas almaktadır. Ancak tarihsel açıdan bakıldığında burada birçok soru yükselmektedir. Bunlar arasında
iki tanesi bilhassa öne çıkmaktadır. Birinci olarak, Paulus’un Mesih’in şahsiyeti ve öğretileri ile Yahudi Yasası ve
kurtuluş kavramı gibi olgulara yönelik savları, bizzat İsa’nın
yaşamı sırasında vaaz ettiği öğretilerle çelişmektedir. İkinci
olarak, Elçilerin İşleri Kitabı’nda verilmek istenen temel
mesajın tersine, Paulus’un İsa’nın havarileriyle hiçbir zaman “birlik” içinde hareket etmediği ve onlarla “din kardeşi” olmadığı, fakat aksine onlar tarafından adeta “düşman” olarak görüldüğü anlaşılmaktadır. İsa ve Paulus çağında, Galilaia (Celile), Samareia (Samiriye) ve Kudüs’ü de
içeren Ioudaia (Yahudiye) gibi bölge ve eyaletlerden oluşan Filistin, Romalıların kontrolü altındadır. Nitekim Paulus ile Kudüs havari cemaati arasında siyasi duruşları itibariyle de ciddi farklar göze çarpmaktadır. Bu bağlamda anlaşıldığı kadarıyla Paulus, Mesih’e iman ettiği iddiasının
öncesinde de sonrasında da, I. yüzyılın birinci yarısında
Romalıların ve ayrıca Romalılar adına yönetici güç olarak
bölgede varlık gösteren Herodesler ile Yüksek Rahip tarafından oluşturulan siyasi otoritelerin bir temsilcisi olarak
hareket etmiştir. Roma iktidarını benimsemeyen bağımsızlık yanlısı Yahudi cephesi açısından ise Mesih kavramı
siyasi direniş düşüncesinin sembolü olmuştur. Dolayısıyla,
Paulus’un siyasi kişiliği ve faaliyetleri; hem Yeni Ahit metinlerine yansımayan muhtemel amaçlarının ortaya konulması, hem de Hristiyanlığı ortaya çıkaran gelişmelerin
anlaşılması açısından önem taşımaktadır.
According to many scholars, Paul is the true founder of Christianity, because after Jesus withdrew from history, he came in view with the claim to be the “servant of Jesus Christ” (δοῦλος Χριστοῦ Ἰησοῦ) and “the Apostle of the Gentiles” (Ἀπόστολος τῶν ἐθνῶν); and he also gave new soteriological meanings on the accounts of the death and resurrection of Christ. Thus the traditional Church is based on the theological opinions of Paul accordingly. But historically, many questions come to the surface and two of them stand out. Firstly, Paul’s claims on the personality and doctrines of Christ and on the Jewish Law and the phenomenon of the salvation disagree with the doctrines preached by Jesus in his lifetime. Secondly, the contrary to the basic message of the Book of the Acts of the Apostles it is understood that Paul never acted in unity with the original apostles of Jesus and that he was not their coreligionists but was strongly opposed by them. In addition to this, the ancient Palestine is under Roman occupation during the time of Jesus and Paul, and there are serious politically differences between Paul and the apostolic community in Jerusalem. It is observed that both before and after his claim that he believed in Christ, Paul acted as a member of the occupant or collaborator front that was represented by the Romans, Herodians and High Priest in Palestine in the first half of the first century. As for the terms of the anti-occupation front, the concept of the Messiah was thesymbol of the goal of political independence. In this context, the political personality and political activities of Paul is important for both detecting his covert purposes and the birth of Christianity
According to many scholars, Paul is the true founder of Christianity, because after Jesus withdrew from history, he came in view with the claim to be the “servant of Jesus Christ” (δοῦλος Χριστοῦ Ἰησοῦ) and “the Apostle of the Gentiles” (Ἀπόστολος τῶν ἐθνῶν); and he also gave new soteriological meanings on the accounts of the death and resurrection of Christ. Thus the traditional Church is based on the theological opinions of Paul accordingly. But historically, many questions come to the surface and two of them stand out. Firstly, Paul’s claims on the personality and doctrines of Christ and on the Jewish Law and the phenomenon of the salvation disagree with the doctrines preached by Jesus in his lifetime. Secondly, the contrary to the basic message of the Book of the Acts of the Apostles it is understood that Paul never acted in unity with the original apostles of Jesus and that he was not their coreligionists but was strongly opposed by them. In addition to this, the ancient Palestine is under Roman occupation during the time of Jesus and Paul, and there are serious politically differences between Paul and the apostolic community in Jerusalem. It is observed that both before and after his claim that he believed in Christ, Paul acted as a member of the occupant or collaborator front that was represented by the Romans, Herodians and High Priest in Palestine in the first half of the first century. As for the terms of the anti-occupation front, the concept of the Messiah was thesymbol of the goal of political independence. In this context, the political personality and political activities of Paul is important for both detecting his covert purposes and the birth of Christianity
Description
ORCID
Keywords
Dinler Tarihi • Hristiyanlık • Paulus • İsa • Romalılar • Herodesler, History of Religions • Christianity • Paul • Jesus• Romans• Herodians
Turkish CoHE Thesis Center URL
Fields of Science
Citation
WoS Q
Scopus Q
Source
Cedrus: Akdeniz Uygarlıkları Araştırma Dergisi
Volume
7
Issue
0
Start Page
627
End Page
662