Edebiyat Fakültesi

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19. Yüzyılda Mardin Süryanileri: Bir Yüzyıl Bir Sancak Bir Cemaat
(Beyan Yayınları, 2008) Özcoşar, İbrahim; Özcoşar, İbrahim
Coğrafi konumuna bağlı olarak tarih boyunca birçok kavmin, etnik grubun ve dinsel cemaatin yurdu olan Mardin, 19. yüzyılda, kale çevresinde kümelenmiş 13 mahallesi ve bu mahallelerde yaşayan 7 farklı dini/etnik cemaatin (Müslüman, Ermeni Katolik, Süryani Kadim, Süryani Katolik, Keldani, Şemsi ve Yahudi) birlikte yaşadıkları ve bunun gerektirdiği sosyal uyumu yakalayabildikleri bir şehirdir. Bu cemaatlerden Süryani Kadimlerin genelde tüm Osmanlı coğrafyasında özelde Mardin'deki durumları değerlendirildiğinde, hem yüzyılın, hem Osmanlı ve dünyadaki gelişmelerin, hem de Mardin'in kendine has şartlarından etkilenen ve bu etkilenmenin sonucu değişim süreci yaşayan bir cemaatle karşılaşılmaktadır. Günümüzde, ülkemizin Güneydoğu Bölgesi'nde yaşayan en önemli hatta tek gayrimüslim cemaat olma özelliği taşıyan Süryanilerin, 19. yüzyılda yaşadıkları değişim süreci bilinmeden günümüzdeki durumlarının doğru değerlendirilmesi ve geleceklerine yönelik doğru öngörülerde bulunulması mümkün değildir.
28 Şubat'ın Psikolojik Etkileri
(Muhit Kitap, 2021) Işıker Bedir, Deniz
28 Şubat süreci hakkında yazılan, söylenen birçok söz oldu, aradan uzun yıllar geçti. Bu konu hakkında birçok farklı çalışma yapıldı. Ancak hâlâ 28 Şubat’ın psikolojik etkileri üzerinde yeterince ve hakkınca konuşulmadı. Çok açık ki bu süreç, deneyimleyenleri açısından etkileri hâlâ devam eden zor bir süreçti. Bu kitapta, bu zamana kadar birçok araştırmacının ilgi ve araştırma “nesne”si olan başörtülü kadını, “içerden” birinin bakış açısıyla anlatma çabası var. Bu içerden bakış, benim 11 yaşımda başımı örtme ve sonrasında hayatımın birçok aşamasında yasağı deneyimleme hikâyemdir aynı zamanda. Çıkış noktası ise 28 Şubat post-modern darbesi sonrası yaşanan kırılmalar ve özellikle başörtülü kadını etkileyen bu darbenin sonrasında olanları anlatmaya çalışmanın kendisi var.
Abluted capitalism: Ali Shariati's critique of capitalism in his reading of Islamic Economy
(Sage, 2015) Şengül, Serdar
Islamic sociologist Ali Shariati is a leading figure of the reconstruction of religious thought in the Islamic world known especially for his anti-capitalist stance and leftist reading of Islamic history. In the philosophy of history that he developed, he classified religions as religions of tawheed (unicity of God) and religions of shirk (multiple gods). According to this new reading of history, the main struggle is not between religion and secularism but between religions of tawheed and of sheerk. The issue of the gaining and the distribution of the property is central to his classification. Shariati argued that followers of tawheed and of sheerk can be found in all religions including Islam. To support his argument Shariati explored how capitalistic understanding of Islam has been developed and legalised while anti-capitalist messages and orders of Islam were marginalised and illegalised just after the death of the Prophet Mohammed. He analysed the rivalry between his close companions over the content of a proper Islamic economic order and how this rivalry gave way to two contradicting understanding of Islam, marks of which can be seen today in the contemporary Muslim world. He coined the term abluted capitalism' to define the economic policies of Muslim sovereigns to make Islam compatible with capitalist economic principles.
The actual and the possible: modality and metaphysics in modern philosophy, edited by M. Sinclair, Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2017, 256 pp., £50.00, ISBN 9780198786436
(2018) Yirmibeş, Mert Can
This new collection comprises nine essays offering a wide array of views on modal metaphysics. One of the aims of the collection is to provide a recent survey of modal theories from the seventeenth century to the twentieth century. The book presents ‘analytic’ and ‘continental’ theories in modal metaphysics, with many diversely interpreted subjects, including the subjectivity and objectivity of modalities and the notion of possibility that was a focus of seventeenth- to twentieth-century modal metaphysics. The book provides interpretations of modal theories and responses to more contemporary issues, such as the (ir)reducibility of modal categories. The essays take diverse approaches, with some more exegetical and some engaging critically with the literature. Here I consider four essays within the volume that exemplify these approaches.
Ahmed Anzavur: Soldier, Governor, and Rebel. a Reevaluation of a Late Ottoman Military Man
(Oriental inst Czech Acad Sci, 2023) Yelbasi, Caner
Following the Russian conquest of the North Caucasus, many Muslims from the region were exiled to the Ottoman Empire from the 1860s onwards. They were settled in different parts of the empire from the Balkans to Anatolia to the Syria and Iraq vilayets. By following this policy, the Ottoman state ensured that many Circassians would become part of the Ottoman army, ruling elites, harems and agricultural workforce. Anzavur Ahmed's family was one of them. Although he did not graduate from military school, he participated in the army during the war in Libya (1911), the Balkan Wars (1912-1913), and the First World War (1914-1918). He was also appointed as the governor of Izmit (1920). Anzavur Ahmet is portrayed as a rebel by Turkish official historiography, but in reality, he was much more than that. He was an Ottoman Governor, and supported by Ottoman administrators such as Damad Ferid and Ali Kemal, who were against the Kuvayi Milliye because they believed that the empire would eventually emerge from the chaotic atmosphere of the post-First World War period and make an agreement with the British. This article argues that although Ahmed Anzavur has been labeled a rebel and a traitor according to the official historiography, it is difficult to use these labels given the circumstances of his time.
The analysis of Syriac philosophical activities in the context of translation movements
(SILA SCIENCE, 2012) Doru, Mehmet Nesim
Dealing with the Syriac tradition of philosophy through translation activities will provide us more accurate information about philosophical activities of Syrians spanning a wide period such as ten centuries. Otherwise, philosophical activities of Syrians will be limited to a one-way translation movement such as repeated failures in most of the time, and thus, we will be prevented to see the picture as a whole. This study deals with the periods and introduces their basic features.
Animal exploitation at the Olympos, southwestern Anatolia: Zooarchaeological analysis
(ScienceDirect, 2022) Sıddıq, Abu Bakar; Olcay-Uçkan, B. Yelda; Öztaşkin, Muradiye; Sıddıq, Abu Bakar; Öncü, Emre; Öztaşkin, Gökçen K.; Chrószcz, Aleksanderf
This study presents analysis of animal remains unearthed from 2006 to 2021 excavations at Olympos, an important city of ancient Lycia, southwestern Turkey. Seven faunal assemblages were unearthed from seven distinct areas of the city. Each of them was studied according to their distinct archaeological contexts. The zooarchaeological observation was based on taxonomic identification, species diversity, kill-off patterns, nature of bone modification, including taphonomic and anthropogenic marks, and type of species exploitation at the site. The results demonstrated that the majority of the specimens were consumption residues, comprising mainly of ungulate and carnivore mammals, birds and marine fish and mollusks. Goat remains were the most common in all the assemblages, which is consistent with common animal exploitation patterns in Anatolia. Fish bones mostly represented bonito (Sarda sarda), tuna (Thunnus thynnus) and shark (Carcharhinidae sp.). Among the mollusks, the shells of Triton trumpet, rarely found in the Roman-Byzantine Anatolia, were clearly used as trumpets. As Olympos was an important harbour with a strategic location by the Mediterranean Sea, its faunal remains shed new light on the coastal dietary habbit, animal economy, and cultural contacts in the Roman and Early Byzantine periods in Anatolia.
Aras Vadisi’ne Açılan Kapı : Elmagöl-Pamuk Geçidi Urartu Karakolu
(2021) ÖZFIRAT AYNUR
Doğubayazıt Ovası’ ndan Aras Vadisi ve Güney Kafkasya’ya açılan yol üzerindeki stratejik Pamuk Geçidi’nde tahkimli bir Urartu sitadelinin (Elmagöl-Pamuk Geçidi) kalıntıları bulunur. Ağrı Dağı’nın kuzeybatı eteklerindeki bir tepede kurulmuş bu sitadel ve doğu eteklerindeki aşağışehir entegre bir ulaşım zincirinin halkalarından biridir. Sitadelin, tasarım özelliği ve boyutları bakımından bir konaklama istasyonu ve güvenliği sağlayan bir karakol olarak hizmet vermek üzere planlandığı anlaşılmaktadır. Söz konusu Urartu tesisinin MÖ 8. yüzyılın başlarında Minuhinili’nin (Karakoyunlu) kuruluşundan hemen sonra önem kazanan yolları denetim altında bulundurmak amacıyla inşa olması mümkündür .
Aristotelianism and the disintegration of the late antique theological discourse
(Ashgate Publishing Ltd, 2013) Krausmüller Dirk
One of the most striking characteristics of early Christianity was the willingness despite occasional misgivings to engage with Greek philosophy. From the second century onwards Christian writers borrowed terms and concepts from the different philosophical schools in order to formulate their understanding of the Christian God and his relation to Jesus Christ. Following the groundbreaking work of Origen, this engagement reached new levels of depth and sophistication in the controversies of the fourth century. It was in the course of these controversies that the three Cappadocians, Basil of Caesarea, Gregory of Nazianzus and Gregory of Nyssa developed a radically new conceptual framework, which distinguished between one divine substance or nature and the three hypostases or persons, Father, Son and Holy Spirit, and which associated the former with a set of common qualities such as ‘incorporeality’ and the latter with specific properties such as ‘begotten’ in the case of the Son. This model is evidently influenced by the contemporary philosophical discourse but it has proved difficult to identify its exact antecedents. In the last 50 years scholars have attempted to make the case for Aristotelian, Neoplatonic or Stoic provenance but none of these hypotheses has found universal acceptance.
At the resurrection we will not recognise one another': Radical devaluation of social relations in the lost model of anastasius' and pseudo-athanasius' questions and answers
(2013) Krausmüller, Dirk
The three centuries between 550 and 850 witnessed a debate about the state of human beings after the resurrection. The author of a now lost collection of Questions and Answers asserted that all resurrected would look like Christ in his thirtieth year and who made the further claim that without distinguishing characteristics it would be impossible for the resurrected to recognise people whom they had known during their earthly lives. This article reconstructs the debate surrounding this theory and identifies the factors that led to its emergence. © 2013 by Byzantion. All rights reserved.
Attitudes promoting coping with death anxiety among parents of children with disabilities
(Taylor and Francis Online, 2021) Sakız, Halis; Sakız, Halis; Bayram Deger, Vasfiye
We investigated death anxiety among parents of children with disabilities and its associations with coping attitudes and psycho-demographic factors. Surveys were administered to 382 parents of children who possess a severe disability and data were analyzed via descriptive and inferential statistics. Findings revealed that parents experienced high levels of death anxiety; the level of death anxiety changed according to some psycho-demographic factors, such as external support, type of disability, and death-related beliefs; and death anxiety was significantly explained by demographic variables, death-related thoughts, and experiences, and adaptive and maladaptive coping attitudes.
BEAUTY AND ITS PROJECTION IN CHRISTIAN AND ISLAMIC TRADITION
(SPRINGER, 2011) Turker, Habip; Tymieniecka, AT
This essay deals with the conception of beauty and its manner of reflection in Christian and Islamic tradition concisely. Thus some influential thinkers in both traditions are chosen in order to exemplify the common conception of beauty. Christian tradition embraced Greek conception of beauty and art; however it brought a metaphysical depth to Greek conception of beauty in the hands of Christian thinkers. The conception of beauty in Islamic tradition was inspired by the religion and the Hellenistic heritage. However, the most elaborated theories on beauty in both Christian and Islamic tradition were done by mystic philosophers. In both traditions beauty is interpreted as something ontological. Accordingly, beauty is being, not a property added to it accidentally. However, the projections of this common conception of beauty differentiate from each other in some respects. While Christian art emphasizes divine intimacy and tragedy in naturalist perspective, Islamic art concentrates on the statement of the unity, transcendence, and eternity of God in stylized form. Yet, this essay does not overlook counter-examples and different artistic ages in the history.
Bibliometric mapping of mobile learning
(Telematics and Informatics, 2021) Göksu, İdris
This study aims to reveal the tendency towards research in the field of mobile learning with the analysis of co-authorship, bibliographic coupling, co-occurrence, and citation by taking into consideration of author, publication, keyword, journal, country, university and citation variables. As of September 2019, the meta-data of a total of 5167 studies in the Web of Science database constituted the scope of this study. VOSviewer and sciMAT were used for the bibliometric analysis while Harzing's Publish and Perish software was used for the h-index. As a result of the bibliometric analysis, it was concluded that the most effective countries in mobile learning are Taiwan, USA, China, and England. According to the keyword co-occurrence analysis, mobile devices, higher education, mobile technologies, tablet, and smartphone keywords stand out in the field of mobile learning. Within the period of 2015–2019, trending topics were broadly educational technologies and, more specifically, tablets, mobile phones, MOOCs and learning strategies. It was found that G. J. Hwang is the most influential researcher and National Taiwan University of Science and Technology is the most influential university. It can be concluded that the most effective researches are augmented reality, higher education, and smartphone oriented mobile learning researches. According to the analyses conducted in the context of journals, Computers & Education, British Journal of Educational Technology and Educational Technology & Society were the most contributing journals
Biography as allegory
(ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD, 2013) Krausmüller, Dirk
Through comparison with Dante's Divine Comedy and with Late Antique allegorical interpretations of the Bible this article makes the case that Byzantine hagiographers encoded an allegorical dimension into their texts and that they did so in order to make value judgements that complement explicit evaluations of the behaviour of saints.
Byzantine Monastic Communities: Alternative Families?
(ASHGATE PUBLISHING LTD, 2013) Krausmüller, Dirk; Brubaker, L; Tougher, S
Byzantine monks addressed each other as fathers, sons or brothers, and monastic texts from the Middle Byzantine period are replete with terms and concepts that have the family as their original context. This chapter presents evidence for such spiritual' relationships within Byzantine monasteries and asks whether one can consider them as alternative families. It demonstrates that even after tonsure the relationship between spiritual fathers and their sons remained an important feature of monastic life. In late antiquity the lavra was only one of a range of social settings within which men could pursue a monastic lifestyle. The chapter then explores monastic rules from the late tenth and eleventh centuries, in order to assess whether this status quo underwent changes over time. It argues that the relationship between mentor and disciple reflects a broader culture of social networking, which shares important traits with the nuclear family but cannot be reduced to it.
The cathedral complex at Nisibis
(CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS, 2013) Keser Kayaalp, Elif; Erdoğan, Nihat
The cathedral complex at Nisibis sits within what is currently a large excavation site. The excavations, continuing on and off over the last 12 years, have yielded exciting discoveries. This article is not a report of the excavations as such, but, in the light of them, it revisits the cathedral complex in an attempt to reconstruct the possible cathedral on the site and to establish the building phases of the only standing structure on the site, known as the 'Church of Mor Yaqub', which was the baptistery of the cathedral.
Common Animals for Elite Humans: the Late Ottoman Fauna from Mardin Fortress, Southeastern Anatolia (Turkey)
(SpringerLink, 2022) Sıddıq, Abu Bakar
This paper presents the frst investigation of animal remains unearthed from the Late Ottoman occupation at Mardin fortress, a military stronghold in Anatolian–Syrian frontier under Ottoman rule. The analysis produced 4234 specimens and carried out taxonomic identifcation, species diversity, kill-of patterns, and nature of bone modifcation, including those of taphonomic and cultural marks. Being the frst zooarchaeological study of an Ottoman occupation in southeastern Anatolia, the results add vital information to the paucity of archaeological knowledge of life and dietary habits of regional Ottoman elite soldiers, and ofer a glimpse into the local pastoralism and wildlife of that time.
Communal architecture at Boncuklu Tarla, Mardin province, Turkey
(Near Eastern Archaeology, 2021) Kodaş, Ergül
Villages of the Preceramic Neolithic in the Near East are marked by a new style of construction, created to play a new, essential function. Indeed, it is in this period that, outside of residential habitations, communal buildings make their first appearance in the heart of Near Eastern villages. It is without doubt one of the first clear, historical attestations of social differentiation/organization in architecture. Truly, reflections on such constructions lead one to attribute to them adjectives aimed at encapsulating their supposed functions, such as “collective,” “communal,” “monumental,” “public,” “cultic,” “storage structures,” or even “megalithic” (Aurenche and Kozlowski 2000; Stordeur 2014; Watkins 2006; Goring-Morris and Belfer-Cohen 2014; Hauptmann 2012). The terminology here reflects considerably varying interpretations, often complementary and essentially derived from the architectural data, as the buildings reveal ground plans and internal structures that are quite distinct.
Content Analysis of Research Trends in Instructional Design Models: 1999-2014
(QUEENSLAND UNIV TECHNOLOGY, 2017) Goksu, İdris; Ozcan, Kursat Volkan; Cakir, Recep; Goktas, Yuksel
This study examines studies on instructional design models by applying content analysis. It covers 113 papers published in 44 international Social Science Citation Index (SSCI) and Science Citation Index (SCI) journals. Studies on instructional design models are explored in terms of journal of publication, preferred model, country where the study was conducted, research method, data collection tool, data analysis method, sampling interval, and field in which the model was applied. Studies are also examined in terms of variables, focusing on connections with model used, relevant results, and orientation of the model (e.g., system-oriented, class-oriented, or product-oriented). Results identified the most preferred models as ADDIE, ARCS, Gagne and Briggs, 4C-ID, and Dick and Carey. System-based instructional design models were most common. These results show recent trends in instructional design models and will contribute to both researchers and instructional designers.
Delayed educational services during Covid-19 and their relationships with the mental health of individuals with disabilities
(Wiley Online Library, 2021) Sakız, Halis
During the coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) pandemic, individuals with disabilities (IWD), like many others, have not been able to benefit effectively from educational and school-based mental health services, which are vital to achieving mental good health. This study aimed to collect views of IWD about how their mental health was affected by the school closure during Covid-19. Thirty-one IWD were interviewed and data were analyzed thematically. Findings indicated that the educational delay, combined with the pressure of the preventive measures against Covid-19 was associated with (i) difficulties in emotional well-being, structured routines, learning, and socialization, (ii) enhanced feelings of isolation and pain, and (iii) negative perceptions of academic-self-efficacy and therapy-related outcomes. The findings of the study highlight the importance of urgent short-term and long-term measures to provide safe and individually oriented educational services to compensate for the consequences of the pandemic.

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