Scopus İndeksli Yayınlar Koleksiyonu

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12514/3596

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Description of Quantum Physics From the Perspective of Fuzzy Logic;
(Hitit University, 2024) Koçhan, Metin; 02.06. Department of Philosophy / Felsefe Bölümü; 02. Faculty of Letters / Edebiyat Fakültesi; 01. Mardin Artuklu University / Mardin Artuklu Üniversitesi
The end of the 19th century corresponds to a period in which different problem areas emerged in the field of physics, characterised as classical or modern physics, which contain different structural features that cannot be explained with the assumptions of Newtonian physics. As a result of the studies carried out to solve these problems, a new type of physics, called “-quantum physics-“, emerged at the beginning of the 20th century, based on principles different from those of classical physics. The study of the behaviour of objects in the subatomic universe was the interest of quantum physics. The atom, once regarded as indivisible by Newton, became the object of quantum physics studies, which enabled it to be broken down into smaller parts and thus penetrated. Quantum physics changed the approach of modern physics to the universe, which was based on the assumption that it consisted of fixed and completely isolated fundamental particles, and led to the emergence of the idea that relational processes, not isolation, were dominant among the particles that made up the universe. This physics discovered the existence of new phenomena in the subatomic universe that did not fit the mechanistic-deterministic approach considered characteristic of the macro-universe. The emergence of these discoveries required a radical change in the fundamental concepts of “space”, “time”, “object”, “observer”, “measurement”, “effect”, “locality” and “interaction”, which classical physics was based on. This is because the nature of the phenomena that quantum physics draws attention to in the micro-universe does not coincide with the assumptions of classical physics regarding these concepts. This non-overlapping situation is essentially because the phenomena occurring in both fields arise according to different logical schemes. Classical mechanics is based on the fundamental principles of classical logic. However, the phenomena to which quantum physics refers do not conform to the basic principles of classical logic. In this respect, the findings of quantum physics cannot be understood using the structure of thought based on classical logical principles. Today, however, it seems possible to make this interpretation from the perspective of the fuzzy logic paradigm, which puts vagueness, the main focus of quantum physics, on its agenda. Today, the concept of vagueness has been incorporated into the scientific process. Parallel to quantum theory's positioning of vagueness as a principle, fuzzy logic has also integrated vagueness in all knowledge processes and included it in its structure not as a situation to be avoided, but as a situation to be evaluated. In this sense, this study aims to demonstrate that the basic principles of quantum physics, which cannot be adequately described by the classical mode of thought shaped by the principles of classical logic, can instead be depicted from the perspective of fuzzy logic, which has created a significant area of application in the field of engineering, especially in artificial intelligence studies. In this direction, this study first discusses the process that led to the emergence of quantum physics in general and proceeds to present its basic principles based on the views of the Copenhagen School, which has become the standard view of quantum physics. After mentioning that the phenomena outlined by quantum physics cannot be described within the limits of the three basic principles of classical logic, this study presents the fuzzy logic system as it makes such a description possible. Finally, this study attempts to illustrate in which contexts the basic principles of quantum physics can be associated with fuzzy logic theory. As a result of this investigation, this study reiterates that quantum physics can sufficiently be described from the perspective of fuzzy logic. One of the main goals of revealing this relationship is to create an important basis for philosophical activity. Just as Newtonian physics, one of the major developments that determined the paradigm of modern science, was based on classical logic, and in turn, classical logic provided a framework for philosophical ways of thinking influenced by classical physics, revealing the relationship between quantum physics and fuzzy logic will indicate that fuzzy logic can provide a framework for philosophical ways of thinking that will complement quantum physics. In this respect, this study aims to demonstrate that quantum physics and fuzzy logic accompany each other in the scientific realm. © 2024, Hitit University. All rights reserved.
Citation - WoS: 1
Evolving Concepts, Revolving Doors
(SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC, 2015) Azeri, Siyaveş; 02.06. Department of Philosophy / Felsefe Bölümü; 02. Faculty of Letters / Edebiyat Fakültesi; 01. Mardin Artuklu University / Mardin Artuklu Üniversitesi
The revolving door is a conceptual device. It was introduced to solve mainly technical problems such as the chimney effect; however, the scope of its application transcends the intentions of its inventor, Theophilius Van Kannel. The revolving door problematizes the relation between different segments of space. It fetishizes space by relativizing and, at same time, absolutizing the difference between inside and outside, and by determining the behavior of inhabitants of social space.
Citation - WoS: 2
Citation - Scopus: 5
The historical possibility and necessity of (Ilyenkov's) anti-innatism
(SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD, 2017) Azeri, Siyaveş; 02.06. Department of Philosophy / Felsefe Bölümü; 02. Faculty of Letters / Edebiyat Fakültesi; 01. Mardin Artuklu University / Mardin Artuklu Üniversitesi
An important aspect of Evald Ilyenkov's theory of social mind is anti-innatism. Anti-innatism is not only the necessary logical outcome of Ilyenkov's overall philosophical system and in particular of his anti-reductionism, but also it is a socio-historically possible and necessary consequence of the capitalist mode of production, which amounts to the formation of a gap between socially formed human knowledge and growth of the productive powers, on the one hand, and value-producing labour, on the other.
Citation - WoS: 1
Citation - Scopus: 2
Horkheimer's Criticism of Husserl
(SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC, 2013) Türker, Habip; 02.06. Department of Philosophy / Felsefe Bölümü; 02. Faculty of Letters / Edebiyat Fakültesi; 01. Mardin Artuklu University / Mardin Artuklu Üniversitesi
This article focuses on Max Horkheimer's criticism of Husserl's phenomenology in basic philosophical matters such as method, theory, logic, truth, metaphysics, etc. Horkheimer objects to Husserl's conception of philosophy as a mathesis universalis and of science as relativistic research. However, he finds Husserl's criticism of scientific rationalism the most important step for the legitimacy of philosophy. According to him, Husserl's method is intended to be a science of apriority. But his understanding of apriority is static, is radically abstract, and overlooks the dialectical relation. Therefore, his method is ahistorical and undialectical. Horkheimer does not interpret Husserl's idealism in the sense of classical idealism. However, he believes that the positivistic and Cartesian implications in Husserl's philosophy made his method less fruitful in concrete situations. Consequently, he calls Husserl's phenomenology abstract positivism, traditional theory and a bourgeois ideology. Horkheimer's critique focuses on Husserl's early period of phenomenology.
Citation - WoS: 1
Citation - Scopus: 2
The Influence of Islamic Philosophy on Bar Hebraeus (Abu'l-Faraj Ibn Al-Ibri)
(CUMHURIYET UNIV, FAC THEOLOGY, 2017) Doru, Mehmet Nesim; 02.06. Department of Philosophy / Felsefe Bölümü; 02. Faculty of Letters / Edebiyat Fakültesi; 01. Mardin Artuklu University / Mardin Artuklu Üniversitesi
The most important instances of the interaction between Islamic philosophy and Syriac thought can be seen between the 2/7th and 7/13th centuries. In the early periods, Syriac thinkers were more active but then, especially after the 5/11th century in which Islamic philosophy became stronger, Islamic philosophy influenced other philosophical traditions. After this period, Syriac thought came under the influence of Islamic philosophy. Syriac thought was rather influenced by Islamic philosophy than other cultures. In the 7/13th century, the most important figure of Syriac thought, Abu'l-Faraj Ibn al-Ibri (Bar Hebraeus), followed Islamic philosophers and he adapted their works to Syriac thought. He was influenced by Avicenna and Nasir al-Din al-Tusi on theoretical matters of philosophical thought on the one hand, and on the other hand he was influenced by Ghazzali on practical matters of ethics and philosophy of mystical life. In this study, Abu'l-Faraj's intellectual closeness and debt to the abovementioned thinkers will be examined. In other words, this study will examine which particular ideas from these thinkers he was interested in and what he took from them. In addition, this study bears importance for dealing with one of the most important examples of the reflection of Islamic philosophy in non-Muslim cultures.
Citation - Scopus: 9
The july 15 coup attempt in Turkey: The erdogan–gulen confrontation and the fall of ‘moderate’ political islam
(Routledge, 2016) Azeri, Siyaveş; 02.06. Department of Philosophy / Felsefe Bölümü; 02. Faculty of Letters / Edebiyat Fakültesi; 01. Mardin Artuklu University / Mardin Artuklu Üniversitesi
The failed coup attempt on 15 July 2016 in Turkey was not a continuation of the Turkish military’s ‘tradition’ of seizing power in the name of restoring ‘order’ and ‘national unity’. Rather, it was the climax of a series of former confrontations between the two formerly-allied factions of ‘moderate’ political Islam—the Erdogan–AKP administration and The Fethullah Gulen’s ‘Service Movement’. Neither the coup attempt nor Erdogan’s counter-attacks were made from a position of power. Rather, the existing confrontation is rooted in political Islam’s provisional structure as the state of bourgeoisie in the periods of crises and its inappropriateness for metamorphosing into an ‘ordinary’ bourgeois state. This inappropriateness is based on the political Islamic state’s ‘imperfection’. The inner contradiction of the political Islamic state is intensified owing to the pressure of the masses from below and the international economic and political-administrative crises of the international bourgeoisie, which yields a power struggle between the regional and international competing bourgeois factions. The coup attempt and the consequent events are evidence of the decline and the eventual fall of ‘moderate’ political Islam in Turkey. © 2016 Critique.
Citation - Scopus: 1
Modal Foundationalism in Brandom’s Interpretation of Hegel
(Universidad de Malaga, 2023) Yirmibeş, M.; Yirmibeş, Mert Can; 02.06. Department of Philosophy / Felsefe Bölümü; 02. Faculty of Letters / Edebiyat Fakültesi; 01. Mardin Artuklu University / Mardin Artuklu Üniversitesi
Brandom’s reading of Hegel’s metaphysics offers an excitingly rich interpretation within the context of contemporary modal metaphysics. Brandom reads Hegel’s determinate negation in the way that the concepts of material incompatibility and material consequence relations operate. Brandom recognizes incompatibility as a modal concept and places it as a primitive in the foundation of Hegel’s metaphysics. This paper examines of Brandom’s modal foundationalist claim in comparison to how Hegel conceives of modality in his Logic. Upon this examination, the paper suggests that Brandom’s interpretation remains problematically indifferent to the anti-foundationalist aspect of Hegel’s Logic and Hegel’s understanding of modality. © 2023, Universidad de Malaga. All rights reserved.
Citation - Scopus: 3
Quality Determination Of Traditional Fermented Sausages By Histological And Immunohistochemical Analyses;
(Sidas Medya A.S., 2020) Gürbüz, Semra; Kaplan, Yunus; Bayram, L.Ç.; Kaplan, Y.Z.; 02.06. Department of Philosophy / Felsefe Bölümü; 11.01. Department of Gastronomy and Culinary Arts / Gastronomi ve Mutfak Sanatları Bölümü; 02. Faculty of Letters / Edebiyat Fakültesi; 11. Faculty of Tourism / Turizm Fakültesi; 01. Mardin Artuklu University / Mardin Artuklu Üniversitesi
In this study, it was aimed to determine the presence of animal tissues and plant materials in traditionally produced fermented sausages by using histological and immunohistochemical methods, and to determine the animal tissues that are not legally permitted. In the study, fermented sausage samples (n=18) produced by a traditional method in Mardin (Turkey) and sold in butcher shops between January and March in 2019 were used as a test material. Samples were taken from 5 different locations of each sausage for histological examinations, and routine histological tissue follow-up was performed. Paraffinized sections were stained with Hematoxylin eosin, Crossmon's trichrome and Immunohistochemical techniques. Striated muscle, collagen fibers, connective, adipose, nerve, glandular, cartilage, bone, lung, heart, spleen tissues, blood vessels, glandular epithelium and various plant materials were detected in the examined sections. Animal tissues that are not permitted but included in fermented sausages were determined in all samples. It was concluded that the identification of these tissues in fermented sausage contents individually is important and to examine fermented sausages by histological methods in terms of preventing fraud in addition to the analyses performed for the evaluation of microbiological and chemical quality parameters, and that foods produced locally and presented to consumption without being subjected for inspection may pose a health risk. © The Author(s) 2020.
The state of emergency, class struggle, and the state: Political islam at the stage of collapse
(Routledge, 2017) Azeri, Siyaveş; 02.06. Department of Philosophy / Felsefe Bölümü; 02. Faculty of Letters / Edebiyat Fakültesi; 01. Mardin Artuklu University / Mardin Artuklu Üniversitesi
Apparently political Islam, particularly its Erdoganist ‘moderate’ version, has dominated Turkey since 2002 and it seems that it has been successful in eliminating its critiques and consolidating itself as the national and international bourgeoisie’s desirable state. This article, to the contrary, aims at showing that political Islam in Turkey is at the stage of collapse owing to specific local and international factors, changes in power balances, the intensification of the class struggle and the essential properties of so-called ‘moderate’ political Islamic movement. © 2017 Critique.
Citation - Scopus: 3
Value and Production of Knowledge: How Science is Subsumed to Capital
(Routledge, 2016) Azeri, Siyaveş; 02.06. Department of Philosophy / Felsefe Bölümü; 02. Faculty of Letters / Edebiyat Fakültesi; 01. Mardin Artuklu University / Mardin Artuklu Üniversitesi
One of the differences between knowledge-production activity of Modern science and pre-Modern science and other systems of belief is that the former attributes a universal character to its product. This unique aspect of modern scientific activity is related to its conceptuality. Modern natural science develops in response to the social needs that are determined by the continuous demand of capital for self-valorisation. The conceptual structure of modern natural sciences is the consequence of sciences' subsumption to capital and their realisation through the mediation of abstract labour. The universality of scientific knowledge is the expression of this mediation. © 2016 Critique.

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