Browsing by Author "Dervis, Sibel"

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Citation - WoS: 6
HOST SELECTIVE VIRULENCE, TEMPERATURE RESPONSE AND GENETIC DIVERSITY IN MACROPHOMINA PHASEOLINA ISOLATES FROM SESAME AND PEANUT IN SOUTHERN TURKEY
(PARLAR SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIONS (P S P), 2018) Tok, Fatih Mehmet; Dervis, Sibel; Arslan, Mehmet
In this work, host specificity (comparing virulence levels on diverse hosts), temperature response as a physico-morphological characteristic, and genetic diversity of 40 M. phaseolina isolates from sesame and peanut plants with different geographic origins were evaluated. Sesame and peanut isolates of M. phaseolina performed different levels of virulence on maize, watermelon, melon, peanut, and soybean. The temperatures between 25 and 30 degrees C were the optimum temperatures for colony size of isolates from sesame and peanut. A temperature of 25 degrees C was optimal for only 26 isolates (65%), but 30 degrees C was optimal for 39 isolates (97.5%). UPGMA clustering of data indicated that the Sesame and peanut isolates displayed various levels of genetic similarity within a range of 0.79 to 1.0 similarity coefficient index in three major cluster groups. With a few exceptions, isolates from the same or close locations tended to group together.
Citation - WoS: 1
Citation - Scopus: 1
Neoscytalidium Dimidiatum as a Postharvest Pathogen Affecting Solanaceous Vegetables
(Wiley, 2025) Yeken, Muberra; Ozer, Goksel; Turkolmez, Sahimerdan; Turkkan, Muharrem; Dervis, Sibel
Neoscytalidium dimidiatum, a member of the Botryosphaeriaceae family, is an emerging global plant pathogen. Although recently reported on various hosts in T & uuml;rkiye, its impact on commercially available vegetables remained undocumented. This study provides the first report of N. dimidiatum causing postharvest decay in the eggplant (Solanum melongena L.), pepper (Capsicum annuum), potato (Solanum tuberosum), and tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) obtained from local Turkish markets in 2023. The pathogen was identified through morphological characterisation and molecular analysis targeting the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, translation elongation factor 1-alpha (tef1), and beta-tubulin (tub2) gene sequences. The pathogenicity of N. dimidiatum was confirmed through Koch's postulates at 28 degrees C, and its temperature-dependent effects were assessed on solanaceous vegetables. Disease progression, measured by the area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC), was strongly influenced by temperature. No disease was observed at 12 degrees C. At 18 degrees C, limited disease development occurred in the eggplant and potato. AUDPC values increased significantly at 25 degrees C, generally peaking at 30 degrees C, with some hosts showing similar levels of disease severity at 35 degrees C. These findings highlight the critical role of postharvest temperature control, particularly rapid cooling and cold storage, in minimising losses caused by N. dimidiatum. This is the first report of N. dimidiatum as a postharvest pathogen affecting the eggplant, pepper, tomato fruits, and potato tubers, and the first record of this pathogen on the eggplant and pepper globally, expanding its known host range and reinforcing its significance as an emerging threat to global agriculture.
Citation - WoS: 4
Citation - Scopus: 4
Ganoderma Butt Rot of Hazelnut (corylus Avellana) Caused by ganoderma Adspersum in Türkiye
(Wiley, 2024) Turkkan, Muharrem; Dervis, Sibel; Ozgumus, Oezlem; Ozer, Goeksel
In September 2022, hazelnut trees in six orchards in the & Ccedil;ar & scedil;amba district of Samsun province, a major hazelnut production area in the Black Sea region of T & uuml;rkiye, showed symptoms of leaf yellowing, shoot dieback, decline, basal stem rot and the presence of brown bracket-like sessile basidiocarps. Approximately 5%-10% of hazelnut trees were affected, highlighting the significant impact of the disease. A comprehensive morphological analysis was conducted to characterize fungal isolates obtained from symptomatic tissues as G. adspersum. This analysis incorporated features observed in basidiomata from declining trees and those reproduced after isolates were cultivated on wheat grain for spawn production and grown on an oak sawdust-based substrate. Confirmation of identification was achieved through the utilization of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS), large subunit (LSU) and small subunit (SSU) loci, along with sequencing and subsequent phylogenetic analysis. The G. adspersum isolates generally exhibited no significant growth differences at similar temperatures but demonstrated enhanced growth at 30 degrees C, while growth was completely inhibited at 40 degrees C. Incompatible reactions between isolates confirmed that distinct genotypes were present, highlighting genetic diversity within the species. In the pathogenicity trials, employing a single infested wheat grain per inoculation at the wounded site, hazelnut suckers exhibited distinct brown discolouration surrounding the inoculation site following a 2.5-month incubation period. Significantly, lesions exceeding 3 cm in length were observed, providing clear evidence of vigorous pathogenic activity by G. adspersum. This study is the first report of G. adspersum causing butt rot in hazelnuts, underscoring the significance of this finding for hazelnut cultivation and providing a foundation for future research and disease management strategies.
Citation - WoS: 1
Citation - Scopus: 1
New Detection Methods for Cryphonectria Hypovirus 1 (chv1) Through Sybr Green-Based Real-Time Pcr and Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (lamp)
(Mdpi, 2024) Celik, Ali; Cakar, Deniz; Dervis, Sibel; Morca, Ali Ferhan; Simsek, Secil Akilli; Romon-Ochoa, Pedro; Ozer, Goksel
Some mycoviruses can be considered as effective biocontrol agents, mitigating the impact of phytopathogenic fungi and consequently reducing disease outbreaks while promoting plant health. Cryphonectria parasitica, the causal agent of chestnut blight and a highly destructive pathogen, experienced a notable decrease in its virulence with the identification of cryphonectria hypovirus 1 (CHV1), a naturally occurring biocontrol agent. In this study, two innovative diagnostic protocols designed for the accurate and efficient detection of CHV1 are introduced. The ORF A and ORF B regions of CHV1 are targeted by these techniques, which employ colorimetric loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) with 2 Colorimetric LAMP Master Mix and real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) with SYBR Green chemistry, respectively. The LAMP assay presents a discernible color transition, changing from pink to yellow after a 35 min incubation period. Comparative analysis, when assessed against two established reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) techniques, reveals a significant enhancement in sensitivity for both the LAMP approach, which offers a tenfold increase, and the qPCR method, which showcases a remarkable 100-fold sensitivity improvement. Throughout the comparison phase, it was evident that the RT-PCR, LAMP, and qPCR procedures displayed superior performance compared to the Bavendamm test, relying on phenol oxidase activity, effectively distinguishing hypovirulent strains. Consequently, this study introduces two pioneer diagnostic assays for highly sensitive CHV1 detection, representing a substantial advancement in the realm of CHV1 surveillance techniques. These methodologies hold significant promise for enhancing research endeavors in the domain of the biological control of C. parasitica.
Comparative Resistance of Barley and Wheat Germplasm to Common Root Rot Caused by Bipolaris Sorokiniana
(Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam Univ Rektorlugu, 2026) Alkan, Mehtap; Korkulu, Serife Gul; Turkkan, Muharrem; Dervis, Sibel; Yuksel, Soner; Dababat, Abdelfattah A.; Ozer, Goksel
This study evaluated the resistance of 54 wheat and 14 barley cultivars in Bolu, and 6 wheat cultivars and 89 barley lines in Eski & scedil;ehir, to common root rot caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana under controlled conditions. Location-specific B. sorokiniana isolates (wheat-derived in Bolu, barley-derived in Eski & scedil;ehir) were employed for evaluation. In Bolu, wheat cultivars demonstrated tolerance with variable disease severity, while barley cultivars showed moderate susceptibility with significantly greater disease severity than wheat. Conversely, wheat cultivars in Eski & scedil;ehir exhibited complete resistance with no symptoms, whereas barley lines displayed responses ranging from complete resistance to high susceptibility. Eight wheat cultivars and two barley lines achieved complete resistance across both locations. Neither growth habit (spring vs. winter) in wheat nor row-type (two-row vs. six-row) in barley significantly influenced disease severity. The consistent difference in disease severity between barley and wheat, with barley exhibiting greater susceptibility, highlights the importance of targeted breeding efforts for each crop. Field evaluations are crucial to validate the findings under natural conditions and refine disease management strategies.
Postharvest Management of Neoscytalidium Dimidiatum Using GRAS Potassium Salts
(Springer, 2025) Yildirim, Elif; Dervis, Sibel; Erper, Ismail; Dalbasti, Nese; Ozer, Goksel; Turkkan, Muharrem
Neoscytalidium dimidiatum is an emerging fungal pathogen of increasing phytosanitary concern due to its wide host range, aggressive postharvest behavior, and expanding geographical distribution, yet comprehensive evaluations of safe, effective control measures such as potassium salts remain limited. This study investigated eight potassium salts-acetate, benzoate, bicarbonate, carbonate, citrate, metabisulfite, phosphate, and sorbate-compared to three commercial fungicides (imazalil, thiophanate-M, and tebuconazole + fluopyram) for their antifungal efficacy against N. dimidiatum in vitro (culture assays) and in vivo (postharvest apple fruit trials). In vitro assessments revealed potassium metabisulfite (EC50 = 4.4 x 10-5 g mL-1) and potassium sorbate (EC50 = 9.0 x 10-5 g mL-1) as the most effective salts, demonstrating antifungal activity comparable to commercial fungicides imazalil, tebuconazole + fluopyram, and thiophanate-M. These two potassium salts consistently inhibited mycelial growth, arthrospore germination, and germ tube elongation even at the lowest tested concentrations, while other potassium salts showed variable and generally lower efficacy. In vivo experiments on apple fruits further confirmed these findings, with potassium metabisulfite providing up to 92.48% lesion reduction in protective applications at 1.0 x 10-2 g mL-1, comparable to thiophanate-M (93.81%) and tebuconazole + fluopyram (98.47%). Notably, potassium metabisulfite outperformed imazalil, which only reached 61.36% protection at its highest concentration. In curative applications, potassium metabisulfite and phosphate achieved approximately 87% lesion reduction at 1.0 x 10-2 g mL-1, matching the performance of commercial fungicides at their recommended concentrations. Interestingly, low concentrations of potassium benzoate and carbonate increased lesion development in both protective and curative applications. These findings suggest potassium metabisulfite as a promising alternative to conventional fungicides for controlling N. dimidiatum infections, with potential applications in sustainable disease management strategies.
Citation - WoS: 3
Citation - Scopus: 3
Molecular and Pathogenic Characterization of Fusarium Species Associated With Dry Rot in Stored Potatoes in Kyrgyzstan
(Springer, 2025) Muratali, Dana; Dervis, Sibel; Ozer, Goksel; Turkkan, Muharrem; Bozoglu, Tugba; Alkan, Mehtap; Erper, Ismail
Fusarium dry rot is a significant fungal disease impacting postharvest potato tubers worldwide, leading to substantial losses in tuber quality, nutritional value, and seed viability. In Kyrgyzstan, where potato is a staple crop, the disease poses a critical threat to food security. This study aimed to identify and characterize Fusarium species associated with dry rot in stored potatoes from the Osh region, a major potato production area facing severe postharvest challenges. Surveys were conducted in 34 potato storage facilities across four districts, and symptomatic tubers were collected. Fifty-four Fusarium isolates were obtained and subjected to a comprehensive characterization approach, including morphological assessments, molecular analyses using iPBS markers based on retrotransposons, DNA sequencing of the translation elongation factor-1 alpha (TEF1) locus, and pathogenicity tests on the 'Soraya' potato cultivar. Fusarium sambucinum was the most prevalent species (50%), followed by F. oxysporum (similar to 17%), F. flocciferum (similar to 11%), F. equiseti (similar to 9%), F. proliferatum (similar to 5%), F. acuminatum (similar to 4%), F. solani (similar to 2%), and F. venenatum (similar to 2%). Morphological identifications were supported by iPBS2395 primer analysis, which revealed distinct DNA fingerprinting patterns among the isolates. Phylogenetic analysis of TEF1 gene sequences further confirmed species identifications, demonstrating strong congruence between morphological, iPBS, and TEF1 data. Pathogenicity tests revealed varying levels of virulence across species, with F. sambucinum exhibiting the highest overall virulence and mean lesion sizes comparable to those of F. flocciferum, while F. equiseti and F. solani showed significantly lower virulence. Except for F. sambucinum, all other Fusarium species represent first reports in Kyrgyzstan, with F. flocciferum being reported globally for the first time as a causal agent of potato dry rot. This study provides a comprehensive assessment of the Fusarium species involved in dry rot in the Osh region, highlighting the dominance of F. sambucinum and the need for enhanced management strategies to mitigate postharvest losses and strengthen food security in Kyrgyzstan.
Citation - WoS: 23
Citation - Scopus: 25
New disease caused by Neoscytalidium dimidiatum devastates tomatoes (Solarium lycopersicum) in Turkey
(ELSEVIER SCI LTD, 2019) Turkolmez, Sahimerdan; Dervis, Sibel; Ciftci, Osman; Serce, Cigdem Ulubas; Dikilitas, Murat
A novel disease of tomato (Solarium lycopersicum L.) was observed in the Southeast Anatolia Region of Turkey. Symptoms were blight of all aerial parts of the plant, including stems, branches, leaves, petioles, flowers and fruits, defoliation, root rot, inner stem necrosis, and plant death. The disease was found in 13.9% of surveyed fields, with an incidence varying from 3% to nearly 75% (average 21.2%) of the plants in symptomatic fields. The average severity of blight on stem in fields with the symptomatic plant surveyed was 1.4%. A Botryosphaeriaceae species, identified as Neoscytalidium dimidiatum (Penz.) Crous & Slippers using morphological and cultural features, was consistently isolated from symptomatic roots, inner stems, and blighted leaves, shoots, stems, fruits and flowers. The partial nucleotide sequence data for three gene loci, including nuclear rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS), large subunit (LSU) genes and the translation elongation factor 1-alpha (TEF-1 alpha), confirmed the morphological identification. Furthermore, sequence data of actin genes from N. dimidiatwn was, for the first time, deposited to the GenBank. Koch's postulates were fulfilled by testing the susceptibility of different tomato tissues (leaves, stems, inner stems and roots of tomato seedlings, and detached tomato fruits and flowers) to N. dimidiatum inoculation. To our knowledge, this is the first report of N. dimidiatum on tomato.
First Report of Rosellinia Convexa Causing Stem Rot of Olive Trees in Türkiye
(Springer, 2025) Caran, Latife Erten; Kor, Canan Vardar; Ozer, Goksel; Dervis, Sibel
Citation - WoS: 1
Citation - Scopus: 1
First Report of Fusarium Equiseti Causing Postharvest Fruit Rot of Avocado in Türkiye
(Wiley, 2025) Bozoglu, Tugba; Dervis, Sibel; Ozer, Goksel; Turkkan, Muharrem
In September 2024, postharvest fruit rot, including stem-end rot, was observed on avocado in the Alt & imath;nordu district of Ordu province, located in the Eastern Black Sea Region of T & uuml;rkiye. A market survey revealed that 5% of fruit exhibited fruit rot symptoms, a subset of which displayed stem-end rot symptoms, including brown to black lesions extending into the mesocarp, shrivelling and fungal mycelium growth. Fusarium equiseti was identified as the causal agent through morphological characterisation and molecular analysis using PCR amplification and sequencing of translation elongation factor 1-alpha (tef1) and RNA polymerase II second largest subunit (rpb2) gene sequences, including phylogenetic analysis. Artificial inoculation and subsequent re-isolation confirmed Koch's postulates, verifying F. equiseti as the causal pathogen. This is the first report of F. equiseti causing both fruit rot and stem-end rot on avocado in T & uuml;rkiye, highlighting the need for improved postharvest disease management strategies to reduce economic losses in T & uuml;rkiye's avocado industry.
Armillaria Species Causing Kiwifruit Vine Decline and Root Rot in Northeastern Turkiye: a Growing Concern for Kiwifruit Health (Vol 172, E13409, 2024)
(Wiley, 2025) Turkkan, Muharrem; Bozoglu, Tugba; Dervis, Sibel; Erper, Ismail; Ozer, Goksel
First Report of Fusarium Solani Causing Wilt and Stem Rot on Lisianthus (Eustoma Grandiflorum) in Türkiye
(Springer, 2025) Polat, Zuhtu; Gultekin, Mehmet Akif; Gulbag, Fatih; Dervis, Sibel; Ozer, Goksel
Citation - WoS: 2
Citation - Scopus: 1
Vegetative Compatibility and Virulence Diversity of Verticillium Dahliae from Okra (Abelmoschus Esculentus) Plantations in Turkey and Evaluation of Okra Landraces for Resistance to V. Dahliae
(Tech Science Press, 2020) Tok, Fatih M.; Dervis, Sibel; Yetisir, Halit
Forty-four V. dahliae isolates were collected from symptomatic vascular tissues of okra plants each from a different field in eight provinces located in the eastern Mediterranean and western Anatolia regions of Turkey during 20062009. Nitrate-nonutilizing (nit) mutants of V. dahliae from okra were used to determine heterokaryosis and genetic relatedness among isolates. All isolates from okra plants were grouped into two vegetative compatibility groups (VCGs) (1 and 2) and three subgroups as 1A (13.6%, 6/44), 2A (20.5%, 9/44) and 2B (65.9%, 29/44) according to international criteria. Pathogenicity tests were performed on a susceptible local okra (A. esculentus) landrace in greenhouse conditions. All isolates from VCG1A and VCG2B induced defoliation (D) and partial defoliation (PD) symptoms, respectively. Other isolates from VCG2A gave rise to typical leaf chlorosis symptoms without defoliation. The obtained data showed that the virulence level of V. dahliae isolates from okra was related to their VCG belongings. Eighteen okra landraces from diverse geographical origins were screened for resistance to VCG2B and VCG1A of V. dahliae. The results indicated that all landraces were more susceptible to highly virulent VCG1A-D pathotype displaying D or PD symptoms depending on their susceptibility levels with a mean disease severity index of 3.52 than to less virulent VCG2B-PD pathotype of V dahliae displaying PD and ND symptoms with a mean disease severity index of 2.52. Significant differences were observed among the landraces; however, none of them exhibited a level of resistance. Okra landraces; corum, Hatay Has and Sanhurfa displayed the lowest level of susceptibility or little tolerance to both D and PD pathotypes. VCG2B of PD was prevailing in the surveyed areas and VCG1A of D was the most virulent of the VCGs identified. Introduction of resistant genotypes to Turkish okra germplasm from different sources and breeding new resistant okra cultivars are critical for the sustainability of okra production.
Citation - WoS: 1
Citation - Scopus: 2
First Report of Neoscytalidium Dimidiatum Causing Dieback and Canker on Leyland Cypress in Türkiye
(Springer, 2025) Alkan, Mehtap; Ozer, Goksel; Dervis, Sibel
Citation - WoS: 7
Citation - Scopus: 7
First report of Neoscytalidium novaehollandiae on common sage (Salvia officinalis)
(Springer link, 2021) Dervis, Sibel; Guney, Inci Guler; Kosar, Islim; Bozoglu, Tugba; Ozer, Goksel
In June 2020, many plants exhibited symptoms of root rot and foliar blight in the experimental field of common sage in Sanliurfa province, Turkey. The pathogen was identified as Neoscytalidium novaehollandiae based on morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analysis of partial sequence of the transcription elongation factor 1-alpha gene and the internal transcribed spacer of rDNA. Koch's postulates were fulfilled by successful re-isolation of the pathogen from inoculated plants in the pathogenicity assay. To our best knowledge, this is the first report of N. novaehollandiae causing root rot and foliar blight of common sage worldwide.
Citation - WoS: 1
Citation - Scopus: 1
Morphological, Physiological, Molecular, and Pathogenic Insights Into the Characterization of Phytophthora Polonica From a Novel Host, Hazelnut (Corylus Avellana)
(Academic Press Ltd - Elsevier Science Ltd, 2024) Turkkan, Muharrem; Ozer, Goksel; Dervis, Sibel
Hazelnuts, constituting a significant global crop, hold paramount importance in Turkiye, contributing to approximately 71.14 % of the world's hazelnut cultivation area. In the summer of 2023, hazelnut trees in two orchards situated in the Altinordu district of Ordu province, within the Black Sea region of Turkiye, the largest producer and exporter of hazelnuts, exhibited symptoms of decline associated with root rot. Phytophthora sp. was consistently isolated from necrotic taproots, initiating an in-depth study to discern the causal agent behind the observed hazelnut decline. The species was identified as P. polonica by its distinctive morphological traits, including homothallic characteristics, amphigynous or paragynous antheridia, long nonbranching sporangiophores, and nonpapillate sporangia with internal proliferation. Multiple genetic markers (ITS, tub2, and COI) facilitated a clear differentiation of P. polonica from other Phytophthora species within Clade 9, supporting its classification within Subclade 9b. This investigation also evaluated the impact of diverse nutrient media (CA, V8A, and CMA), temperatures, and pH levels on the mycelial growth of P. polonica HPp-1 and HPp-2 isolates. The optimal conditions for maximal mycelial growth were determined through the D-optimal design of the Response Surface Method, revealing the significant influence of all factors on mycelial growth. The identified optimal conditions were at 26.09 degrees C, pH 5.12, with CMA as the nutrient medium. Validation experiments conducted under these optimal conditions unveiled mycelial growth of 7.24 +/- 0.15 mm day(-1) and 6.81 +/- 0.09 mm day(-1) for P. polonica HPp-1 and HPp-2 isolates, respectively, with an error of less than 5 %. Pathogenicity assessments confirmed P. polonica's virulence on hazelnuts, with distinct lesion development observed in twig inoculation, cut stem segments, and foliar tests. While no statistically significant difference was noted in lesion areas between HPp-1 and HPp-2 isolates in twig and stem segment assays, a statistical difference in leaf lesion areas (19.96 +/- 2.04 cm(2) and 9.16 +/- 3.43 cm(2)) emerged in foliar tests after only a 5-day incubation period, indicating their high susceptibility to the pathogen. This study is the first to report P. polonica as a hazelnut pathogen in Turkiye and around the world, highlighting the previously non-existent threat of Phytophthora root rot in hazelnuts, given the substantial lack of scientifically documented cases related to hazelnut root rot diseases. The quadratic model design employed in physiological analyses is reliable for optimizing mycelial growth and can serve as a guiding framework for similar investigations.
Citation - WoS: 2
Citation - Scopus: 3
Neoscytalidium Dimidiatum: a Newly Identified Postharvest Pathogen of Pears and Its Implications for Pome Fruits
(Wiley, 2024) Dervis, Sibel; Zholdoshbekova, Sezim; Guney, Inci Guler; Ozer, Goksel
Türkiye is a prominent contributor to pear and diverse pome fruit production. Pear fruit with unusual brown to black spots and rot symptoms observed in public marketplaces in Mardin province have raised concerns regarding postharvest fruit health. The consistent isolation of a fungus from these fruits revealed morphological features indicative of Neoscytalidium dimidiatum. Phylogenetic confirmation of its identity ensued through BLASTn searches targeting, the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) of ribosomal DNA, the partial translation elongation factor 1-alpha gene (tef1), and the partial beta-tubulin gene (tub2). Pathogenicity evaluations were conducted on common pome fruits, namely pears, apples, and quinces, unveiling the susceptibility of all examined fruits to postharvest infection by this emergent pathogen. Furthermore, an investigation was carried out to discern the pathogen's response to varying temperature ranges on pear fruits, revealing that the most pronounced lesions occurred at 30 degrees C, followed by 25 degrees C, 35 degrees C, and 20 degrees C. Conversely, no lesion development was observed at 10 degrees C, 15 degrees C, or 40 degrees C. To the best of our knowledge, this study represents the first report of N. dimidiatum as the etiological agent responsible for postharvest rot in pear fruit. The implications of these findings highlight the potential threat posed by this pathogen to pome fruits postharvest, especially in regions where cold storage facilities are not widely utilized, warranting increased vigilance and preventive measures.
Leaf Spot Caused by Alternaria Crassa on Datura Stramonium in Turkey (Vol 17, 26, 2022)
(Springer, 2022) Bozoglu, Tugba; Alkan, Mehtap; Dervis, Sibel; Ozer, Goksel
First Report of Fusarium Nirenbergiae Causing Stem-End Rot on Avocado (Persea Americana) in Türkiye
(Springer, 2025) Ozer, Goksel; Alkan, Mehtap; Bozoglu, Tugba; Turkkan, Muharrem; Dervis, Sibel
Pathogen Identification And Resistance Screening Of Fusarium Basal Rot İn Taşköprü Garlic İn Türkiye
(Wiley, 2024) Polat, Zuhtu; Besirli, Gulay; Dervis, Sibel; Ozer, Goksel; Sezer, Sati Mehmet; Ipek, Mehmet
Fusarium basal rot (FBR), caused by Fusarium spp., is a significant threat to garlic production globally, including in T & uuml;rkiye, where the unique Ta & scedil;k & ouml;pr & uuml; garlic is highly valued. This study investigated the diversity and aggressiveness of 77 Fusarium isolates obtained from disease surveys of FBR in Ta & scedil;k & ouml;pr & uuml; garlic and evaluated the yield and resistance of 20 garlic accessions, including 18 local landraces, the locally developed 'Ta & scedil;k & ouml;pr & uuml; 56', and the commercial Chinese variety 'ASCG'. Molecular identification using translation elongation factor 1-alpha (TEF1) and second largest RNA polymerase II B-subunit (RPB2) genes revealed F. oxysporum (67.5%) as the dominant species, followed by F. proliferatum (15.6%), F. solani (9.1%), F. redolens (5.2%) and F. clavum (2.6%), respectively. All isolates were pathogenic, but aggressiveness varied, with F. solani being the most aggressive, followed by F. redolens and F. oxysporum. While 'ASCG' exhibited the highest yield (3.15 ton/ha), it was highly susceptible to FBR (DSI = 97.50%). Conversely, the landrace ASTK2 displayed the highest resistance (DSI = 53.13%), but lower yield. Promisingly, several Ta & scedil;k & ouml;pr & uuml; landraces, such as ASTK6 and ASTK13, demonstrated both moderate resistance and promising yield potential. Surprisingly, 'Ta & scedil;k & ouml;pr & uuml; 56', despite being a locally developed variety, exhibited high susceptibility to FBR (DSI = 93.75%) and did not outperform many landraces in terms of yield. This study provides the first reports of F. redolens and F. clavum infecting garlic in T & uuml;rkiye, and the first molecular characterisation of F. solani as a garlic pathogen in the country, highlighting the potential of local landraces for breeding FBR-resistant, high-yielding cultivars.