Savur Meslek Yüksekokulu

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Biostratigraphy and microfacies of the sedimentary sequences within volcano-sedimentary Maden Complex in Southeastern Turkey
(EGU General Assembly 2021, 2021) Atakul Özdemir, Ayşe; Özkan Altıner, Sevinç; Tancan, Sesil; Özdemir, Yavuz; Mercan, Çağrı; Oyan, Vural; Güleç, Nilgün
Maden Complex is a volcano-sedimantary unit, mainly composed of shallow and deep marine sedimentary rocks and associated volcanics. Deep marine units of Maden Complex, exposed between Çatak (Van) and Kozluk (Batman) regions have been studied with a combined sedimentological and paleontological approaches. The following species are recorded within the Melefan formation: Morozovella aragonensis, Acarinina collactea, Acarinina cf. esnehensis, Acarinina soldadoensis, Acarinina boudreauxi, Acarinina bullbrooki, Acarinina mckanni, Acarinina pentacamerata, Acarinina cf. pseudosubsphaerica, Acarinina topilensis, Acarinina esnehensis, Chiloguembelina sp., Globanomalina planoconica, Globanomalina australiformis, Globigerinatheka sp., Parasubbotina hagni, Pearsonites broedermanni, Pseudoglobigerinella bolivariana, Planoglobanomalina pseudoalgeriana, Pseudohastigerina wilcoxensis, Subbotina roesnaensis, Subbotina yeguaensis. Based on the defined planktonic foraminiferal species, the unit corresponds to the E7 zone and the depositional age of the formation is proposed as Early Eocene (Ypresian) to Middle Eocene (Lutetian). The deep marine sedimentary sequence mainly consists of pinkish to red colored micritic limestones including shale intercalations. The formation is represented by the pelloidal wackestone-packstone facies and comprises abundant planktonic foraminiferal assemblages.
Composition, pressure, and temperature of the mantle source region of quaternary nepheline-basanitic lavas in Bitlis Massif, Eastern Anatolia, Turkey: A consequence of melts from Arabian lithospheric mantle
(Elsevier, 2019) Mercan, Çağrı; Özdemir, Yavuz; Oyan, Vural; Atakul Özdemir, Ayşe
The Quaternary (0.66–0.63 Ma) nepheline basanites (ne - basanite) are the firstly observed volcanic products of Arabia-Eurasia collision on Bitlis Pötürge Massif. They composed of clinopyroxene, olivine, Ti-magnetite, Cr spinel, and nepheline. The forsterite compositions of olivines range between 73 and 83%, calcic clinopyroxenes show modest variations in Wo48–57-En37–45-Fs5–7 and nephelines occur as minor minerals within the networks of other groundmass minerals. They are characterized by low SiO2 (40.16–41.96 wt%), high MgO contents (8.54–9.73 wt%) and similar Srsingle bondNd isotopic compositions with Arabian Plate volcanics. Mineral and whole rock thermobarometry yield crystallization pressure and a temperature range between 8 and 20 kbar and 1301 °C – 1035 °C respectively. Lavas have high Mg-number (>0.58), high Cr and Ni contents and strong LREE enrichment but depletion in Rb, K, and Pb. Trace elements together with Sr isotopic compositions inferred negligible assimilation of the local upper crustal material. The calculated average pressure and temperature of mantle melting for ne-basanites is 2,85 kbar and 1353 °C respectively. FC3MS (wt% FeO/CaO-3*MgO/SiO2) parameter and melting models using REE data reveal Çatak basanites are products of amphibole and phlogopite bearing metasomatised lithospheric mantle in garnet stability field. They seem to originated from depths of ~ 85 km which corresponds to the base of the Arabian lithosphere in the region.
EVALUATION OF PRODUCTIVITY STATUS OF DRY FARMING SOILS IN MARDIN PLAIN USING GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM ANALYSES
(İKSAD Publishing, 2020) Ayyıldız, Ahmet Şahin; Eren, Abdullah
Soil fertility is among the most basic criteria for obtaining quality and abundant products in agricultural production. The physical and chemical properties of soils, the scarcity or abundance of plant nutrients are important factors affecting the yield and quality of agricultural products, and the nutrient concentrations in soils can be determined by soil analysis. In addition, depending on the physical and chemical properties of the soil, knowing the relationships between these properties and the nutrients in the soil is important in terms of providing the highest benefit of fertilisation for the plants to be grown according to the land conditions (Taban et al., 2004; Başaran and Okant, 2005; Tümsavaş and Aksoy, 2008). The product yield and quality of the grown plants are closely related to the nutrient content of the soils to meet the needs of the plants (Zengin et al., 2003; Belliturk et al., 2019). The formation of agricultural lands is the only resource that takes thousands of years, and cannot be produced or renewed. The sustainability of soils, though, is possible by examining and monitoring soil resources as adequately as possible and defining the characteristics of agricultural areas better...
GREEN MARKETING
(Efe Akademi Yayınları, 2023) Akatak, Ahmet
The depletion of natural resources threatens the future of the world. Unconscious use of products, leaving waste to nature and wasting natural resources, together with the production and consumption concept of today, necessitate the emergence of new environmentally friendly approaches. The fact that conscious consumers are sensitive to the environment has caused businesses to act sensitively. Businesses have also tended to offer environmentally friendly products and services, both to meet the demands of consumers and with the influence of various non-governmental organizations. It is a fact that businesses, which have been operating in various activities from the past to the present, have adverse effects on the natural environment, such as the destruction of living spaces, climate change, environmental pollution, and carbon emissions. Therefore, the green marketing approach, which does not harm natural habitats, does not cause environmental pollution and allows the development of recyclable production methods, has recently come to the fore. Green marketing is the marketing of environmentally friendly products and services. It includes many practices such as producing products that do not harm the environment, adopting sustainable business strategies, using recyclable packages and focusing on modern marketing strategies. Green marketing is a marketing approach that enables businesses to reach their goals and is adopted and appreciated by society, considering consumers' sensitivity to the environment. In this study, firstly, the concept of green marketing and the development process of green marketing is emphasized. Then, the green marketing approach, the green marketing mix, the reasons why businesses prefer green marketing, the importance of green marketing strategies are mentioned and green marketing examples and commonly used green marketing labels in Turkey and the world are explained.
Land Suitability Assessment for Pistachio Cultivation Using GIS and Multi-Criteria Decision-Making: A Case Study of Mardin, Turkey
(Springer, 2023) Mercan, Çağrı; Acıbuca, Veysi
Site selection for pistachio orchards is an important issue for sustainable agricultural policies, crop productivity, agricultural planning, and communities. This study aims to investigate suitable places for pistachio in the Mardin Province (SE Turkey) by considering several variables, such as meteorological data, topographic conditions, economic factors, and soil characteristics, using Geographic Information System (GIS) and Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis. Pistachio farmers, expert opinions, and literature data were used to determine the requirements for pistachio cultivation. Four main assessment criteria (thirteen sub-criteria), sixty value ranges, and fourteen exclusion criteria were determined for the pistachio land suitability assessment. The weighting of the evaluation criteria was calculated using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Farmers and experts have stated that meteorological factors are more important than soil, topography, and economic factors. All data were transferred to the GIS environment, and a land suitability map was created using the weighted linear combination method. The results show that Mardin province has very suitable lands for pistachio cultivation. The resulting map determined that the 228,891.59 ha area in Mardin province is very suitable for pistachio. To evaluate the accuracy of the land suitability map generated for pistachio, the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve was used. The value of the area under the curve (AUC) was calculated to be 0.806, which indicates that the study is consistent. The created suitability map will be an essential data source for developing sustainable agricultural strategies in the Southeastern Anatolia region.
MANTLE SOURCE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE NE-BASANITES FROM NORTH EASTERN EDGE OF THE ARABIAN PLATE
(World multidisciplinary earth sciences symposium 2019, 2019) Özdemir, Yavuz; Mercan, Çağrı; Oyan, Vural; Atakul-Özdemir, Ayşe
The Quaternary nepheline basanites are firstly observed volcanic products of Arabia-Eurasia collision on Bitlis Suture Zone which is an accumulation of Precambrian to Cretaceous metamorphic rocks, Late Cretaceous – Eocene and Middle Eocene volcano-sedimentary units thrust over the Arabian platform between late Eocene and Middle Miocene after the convergence between Anatolian and Arabian plates. Nepheline basanites are composed of clinopyroxene, olivine, Ti-magnetite, Cr spinel, and nepheline. They are characterized by low SiO2 (40.16-41.96 wt %), high MgO contents (8.54-9.73 wt %) and similar Sr-Nd isotopic compositions with Arabian Plate volcanics. Independent barometers indicate that crystallization takes place over a wide range of pressure 8–20 kbar and melt cooled from about 1301°C-1035°C. Trace elements together with Sr isotopic compositions inferred negligible assimilation of the local upper crustal material. The calculated average pressure and temperature of mantle melting for ne-basanites is 2,85 kbar and 1353oC respectively. FC3MS (wt. % FeO/CaO-3*MgO/SiO2) parameter and melting models using REE data reveal that Çatak basanites are products of amphibole and phlogopite bearing metasomatised lithospheric mantle in garnet stability field. Results of thermobarometric calculations together with the recent geophysical data point out melting originated from the base of Arabian lithospheric mantle.
Petrolgy of the volcanic/subvolcanic members of the volcanosedimentary Maden Complex in Eastern Turkey
(EGU General Assembly 2021, 2021) Özdemir, Yavuz; Mercan, Çağrı; Oyan, Vural; Atakul-Özdemir, Ayşe; Güleç, Nilgün; Özkan-Altıner, Sevinç
Maden Complex exposed in Eastern Turkey, is a succession of volcano-sedimentary rocks and tectonically overlain by Bitlis Metamorphics and Cretaceous ophiolitic rocks. The succession includes shallow-water deposits and deep marine pelagic sediments intercalated with pillow lavas ranging from a few centimeters to ten meters in diameter. The planktonic foraminiferal assemblages from micritic limestones and zircon U-Pb ages from selected sedimentary rocks indicate the age of Late Ypresian - Early Lutetian. Plagioclase and clinopyroxenes are the main mineral phases, olivine rarely found as altered phenocrysts. Clinopyroxenes are augite and diopside, and their compositions are ranging between Wo44-51, En27-43, Fe10-21. The anorthite contents of plagioclases are between 32- 67 % in unaltered grains. The crystallization temperatures and pressures obtained from clinopyroxene chemistry are ranging from 1126 to 1250oC and 3 to 8 Kbar, respectively. The majority of the volcanic/subvolcanic rocks are subalkaline-tholeiitic basalts however; a few andesitic and rhyolitic derivatives are also present. The whole – rock and Sr-Nd-Pb isotope compositions reveal that the basaltic rocks are originated from E-MORB like asthenospheric mantle source without a subduction component.
Petrology of the quaternary basanitic rocks from Bitlis Massif
(World Multidisciplinary Earth Sciences Symposium (WMESS 2017), 2017) Özdemir, Yavuz; Mercan, Çağrı; Oyan, Vural; Atakul-Özdemir, Ayşe
Volcanism within the Eastern Anatolian High Plateau characterized by mainly stratovolcanoes, basaltic lava plateaus and it is dominantly spread at the northern parts of Bitlis Pötürge Massif (BPM). Our study focuses on a small scale Quaternary basaltic system that firstly observed within the BPM. The volcanic rocks of our study are basanitic in composition. They exposed along K-G striking tensional fissures and crosscut the Upper unit of the Bitlis Massif. Initial products of the volcanism are scoria fall deposits. Thick basanitic lava flows overly the pyroclastics and formed columnar structures. The basanites are generally fine-grained with phenocrysts of olivine+clinopyroxene. The groundmass is typically of clinopyroxene, olivine and Ti magnetite and Cr spinel with interstitial nepheline. The olivine phenocrysts are typically euhedral to subhedral with Forsterite contents of Fo73-83. Clinopyroxenes are highly calcic and show modest variations in Wo47-52-En34-42-Fs10-15 and are weakly zoned with mg# 89-87 at cores to 86-84 at rims. Nephelines occur as minor minerals within the networks of other groundmass minerals. Ti rich and Fe-Cr spinels occur as inclusions in olivine and clinopyroxenes as well as within the groundmass. LILE and LREE enrichments over HFSE and HREE suggest similarities with magmas generated from enriched mantle sources. EC-AFC modeling of trace element and isotope compositions indicates that assimilation of crustal lithologies have minor effect on the evolutionary stages of basanitic rocks. Based on LREE/HREE, MREE/HREE ratios and partial melting models, we suggest that basanitic rocks of Çatak are produced from a lower degree melting of a garnet bearing mantle source.
Quaternary Basanitic Rocks within the Eastern Anatolian Volcanism (Turkey): Petrological and Geochemical Constrains
(19th EGU General Assembly, EGU2017, 2017) Özdemir, Yavuz; Mercan, Çağrı; Oyan, Vural; Atakul Özdemir, Ayşe
The Eastern Anatolian Cenozoic continental intraplate volcanism was initiated in Middle Miocene as a result of the convergence between the Arabian and Anatolian plates. The origin of Eastern Anatolian volcanism has been the focus of many petrological studies that have aimed to resolve the relative contributions of asthenospheric mantle and/or lithospheric mantle with/without subduction component in the genesis of magmas that compositionally have many affinities to ocean island basalts (OIB) and volcanic arcs. Volcanism in the region characterized by mainly stratovolcanoes, basaltic lava plateaus and are dominantly spread at the northern parts of Bitlis Pötürge Massif (BPM). Our study focuses on a small scale Quaternary basaltic system that firstly observed within the BPM. The volcanic rocks of our study located 50 km to the south of Lake Van and are basanitic in composition. They exposed along K–G striking tensional fissures and crosscut the Upper unit of the Bitlis Massif. Initial products of the volcanism are scoria fall deposits. Thick basanitic lava flows overly the pyroclastics and formed columnar structures. The basanites are generally fine-grained with phenocrysts of olivine+clinopyroxene. The groundmass is typically of clinopyroxene, olivine and Ti magnetite and Cr spinel with interstitial nepheline. The olivine phenocrysts are typically euhedral to subhedral with Forsterite contents of Fo73-83. Clinopyroxenes are highly calcic and show modest variations in Wo47-52-En34-42-Fs10-15 and are weakly zoned with mg# 89-87 at cores to 86-84 at rims. Nephelines occur as minor minerals within the networks of other groundmass minerals. Ti rich and Fe-Cr spinels occur as inclusions in olivine and clinopyroxenes as well as within the groundmass. LILE and LREE enrichments over HFSE and HREE suggest similarities with magmas generated from enriched mantle sources. EC-AFC modeling of trace element and isotope compositions indicates that assimilation of crustal lithologies have minor effect on the evolutionary stages of basanitic rocks. Based on LREE/HREE, MREE/HREE ratios and partial melting models, we suggest that basanitic rocks of Çatak are produced from a lower degree melting of a garnet bearing mantle source.

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