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1-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-2-imidazolidinone as corrosion inhibitor of mild steel in 0.5 M HCl solution: thermodynamic, electrochemical and theoretical studies
(Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology, 2019) Keleşoğlu, Ayşen; Yıldız, Reşit; Dehri, İlyas; Yıldız, Reşit
The inhibition effect of 1-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-2-imidazolidinone (2-HEI) on mild steel (MS) corrosion in 0.5M HCl solution was investigated at different inhibitor concentration and temperature by electrochemical experiments, such as linear polarization resistance (LPR), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), potentiodynamic polarization and quantum chemical calculations. The inhibitor adsorption process on mild steel in 0.5M HCl system was studied at different temperatures (20 C–50 C). Furthermore, the surface morphology of MS was also investigated with SEM in the absence and the presence of inhibitor. The adsorption of 1-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-2-imidazolidinone on MS surface is an exothermic process and this process obeys the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The Quantum chemical findings are good agreed with the empirical data.
Activity of Metalaxyl-M plus mancozeb, Fosetyl-Al, and Phosphorous Acid against Phytophthora Crown and Root Rot of Apricot and Cherry Caused by Phytophthora palmivora
(CZECH ACADEMY AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES, 2017) Türkölmez, Şahimerdan; Derviş, Sibel
Crown and root rot, caused by the Oomycete pathogen Phytophthora palmivora, has become a destructive disease of apricot and cherry in eastern Turkey. There are no currently registered fungicides labeled for its control. In greenhouse experiments conducted in 2012 and 2013, 1-year-old potted apricot rootstock Zerdali and cherry rootstock Mahaleb plants were treated either with foliar spray of fosetyl-Al (140, 160, and 180 g a.i./100 l) or phosphorous acid (187.5, 200, and 215 g a.i./100 l) or soil drench of 100 ml of metalaxyl-M (= mefenoxam)+mancozeb (12+192, 16+256, and 20+320 g a.i./100 l) one day after wound inoculation of crowns and roots. In both years, phosphorous acid at 200 and 215 g a.i./100 l, fosetyl-Al at 160 and 180 g a.i./100 l, and metalaxyl-M+mancozeb at 20+320 g a.i./100 l significantly reduced the root rot severity on Zerdali by 70.68-80.00% and crown rot severity on both Zerdali and Mahaleb, by 68.32-91.96 and 74.21-82.60%, respectively, compared with phosphorous acid at 187.5 g a.i./100 l, fosetyl-Al at 140 g a.i./100 l, metalaxyl-M+mancozeb at 12+192 and 16+256 g a.i./100 l and control. Moreover, fosetyl-Al at 180 g a.i./100 l and metalaxyl-M+mancozeb at 20+320 g a.i./100 l significantly reduced the root rot severity on Mahaleb compared to fosetyl-Al at 140 and 160 g a.i./100 l, metalaxyl-M+mancozeb at 12+192 and 16+256 g a.i./100 l, phosphorous acid treatments and control in 2012, providing the best control of the disease by 88.00-90.68%. Two/three phosphorous acid foliar applications at 200 g a.i./100 l suppressed symptom development when field applications were made on a curative basis in 2014 and 2015.
Acute Toxicity of Deltamethrin on the Fatty Acid Composition of Phospholipid Classes in Liver and Gill Tissues of Nile Tilapia
(Springer International Publishing, 2017) Cengiz, E.I.; Bayar, A.S.; Kızmaz, V.; Başhan, M.; Satar, A.
Deltamethrin is a pyrethroid pesticide contaminating aquatic ecosystems. The purpose of this study was to clarify the acute toxicity of deltamethrin on the fatty acids of phospholipid (PL) classes in liver and gill of Nile tilapia. The fatty acids of PL classes were analyzed by gas chromatography. Deltamethrin brought about differences in the fatty acids of the PL classes in the liver and gill. In the liver of exposed fish, 16:0, 18:2(n-6), 22:6(n-3) in phosphatidylcholine (PC); 16:0, 18:1(n-9), 18:2(n-6), 20:4(n-6), 22:6(n-3) in phosphatidylethanolamine (PE); 16:0, 18:0, 18:1(n-9), 20:4(n-6), 22:6(n-3) in phosphatidylinositol (PI) and in phosphatidylserine (PS) 16:0, 18:1(n-9), 20:4(n-6), 22:6(n-3) were the affected fatty acids. There were significant alterations in ∑MUFAs (monounsaturated fatty acids), ∑(n-3)PUFAs (polyunsaturated fatty acids) and ∑(n-6)PUFAs in PC; ∑SFAs (saturated fatty acids), ∑MUFAs, ∑PUFAs, ∑(n-3)PUFAs and ∑(n-6)PUFAs in PE; ∑SFAs, ∑MUFAs, ∑(n-3)PUFAs and ∑(n-6)PUFAs in PI and ∑SFAs, ∑MUFAs, ∑PUFAs and ∑(n-3)PUFAs in PS. In the gill, 18:2(n-6), 20:4(n-6), 22:6(n-3) in PC; 16:0, 18:1(n-9), 20:4(n-6), 22:6(n-3) in PE; 16:0, 18:0, 18:1(n-9), 18:2(n-6) in PI and in PS 16:0, 18:0,18:1(n-9), 20:3(n-6), 20:5(n-3), 22:6(n-3) affected. The alterations in ∑SFAs, ∑MUFAs, ∑PUFAs and ∑(n-6)PUFAs in PC; ∑SFAs, ∑MUFAs, ∑PUFAs, ∑(n-3)PUFAs and ∑(n-6)PUFAs in PE; ∑(n-3)PUFAs and ∑(n-6)PUFAs in PI; ∑SFAs, ∑MUFAs, ∑PUFAs, ∑(n-3) PUFAs and ∑(n-6)PUFAs in PS were significant in gill. The changes in the fatty acids of the PL classes in response to deltamethrin can influence structure and functions of the membrane systems. Changes in fatty acids may be one defense mechanism against the deltamethrin. © 2017, University of Tehran.
Adaptions in subsistence strategy to environment changes across the Younger Dryas-Early Holocene boundary at Kortiktepe, Southeastern Turkey
(Sage Journals, 2022) Emra, Stephanie; Benz, Marion; Sıddıq, Abu Bakar; Özkaya, Vecihi
The site of Körtiktepe in southeastern Turkey is one of few sites in the Upper Mesopotamia basin that attests continuous, permanent occupation across the boundary from end of the colder, drier Younger Dryas (YD) into the comparatively wetter and warmer Early Holocene (EH). This allows for the study of the degree of environmental change experienced on a local level over this boundary as well as for the study of the adaptations that the occupants of the site undertook in response to these changes. The mammal assemblage of Körtiktepe remains relatively stable across the YD – EH transition with the main contributors to diet being mouflon (Ovis orientalis) and red deer (Cervus elaphus) in approximately the same quantities, although the contribution of aurochs (Bos primigenius) increases in the EH. The most significant changes can be seen in the shift in avifauna remains, with a sharp increase of waterbirds during the EH. It is proposed that these shifts reflect changes in the local environment with an increase in woodland cover as well as expansion of local waterways, which is generally consistent with previously published archaeobotanical studies. In terms of species exploited, mortality profiles as well as size distribution of mammals, a great deal of continuity is observed. This suggests that over this particular period the local impact of the beginning of the Early Holocene was not overly dramatic, allowing for cultural continuity of previously established subsistence strategies.
The Adsorption and Inhibition Efficiency of 2-Amino for Corrosion of Mild Steel in Hydrochloric Acid Solution
(Emerald Group Publishing Ltd, 2023) Okten, Veysi; Yildiz, Resit; Sigircik, Goekmen; Yıldız, Reşit
PurposeThis study aims to prevent mild steel (MS) against corrosion in 0.5 M HCl solution, 2-amino-4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazine was used. The effectiveness of the compound as a corrosion inhibitor was studied via electrochemical, surface and theoretical calculation techniques. Design/methodology/approachFor concentrations ranging from 0.5 to 10.0 mM, almost similar polarization resistances were obtained from electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and linear polarization resistance tests. It also investigated inhibitive activity of 2-amino-4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazine on the steel surface using scanning electron and atomic force microscope instruments. Langmuir adsorption is the best matched isotherm for the adsorption of the inhibitor to the steel surface. FindingsEIS method was used to determine inhibition efficiency, which was determined to be 95.7% for 10.0 mM inhibitor containing acid solution. Density functional theory's predictions for quantum chemistry agreed well with the other experimental results. Originality/valueThe methods used in this study are effective and applicable; the used organic inhibitor is 2-amino-4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazine; and protective effectiveness is important, which is crucial for the task of MS corrosion prevention.
Adsorption Performance of bacillus Licheniformis Sp. Bacteria Isolated From the Soil of the Tigris River on Mercury in Aqueous Solutions
(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2022) Baran, M. Firat; Yildirim, Ayfer; Acay, Hilal; Keskin, Cumali; Aygun, Husamettin
Mercury is known to be one of the most toxic heavy metals in the environment and is released into the water systems in significant quantities through natural events and industrial process activities. Many chemical materials are used as adsorbents in the removal of toxic metals from the environment and wastewaters. However, using microorganisms as bio-sorbents instead of chemical materials has become common recently due to their low cost, easy availability and presence in nature. In this study, Bacillus licheniformis in the soil isolated from the Tigris River was used as bio-sorbent. The mercury (Hg(II)) absorption behaviour of Bacillus licheniformis bacteria (BLB) was investigated using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The effects of equilibrium of adsorption time, temperature, adsorbent dosage and pH on the adsorption of Hg (II) onto BLB were determined. The maximum adsorption capacity of Hg (II) onto BLB was determined as 82.12 mg/g (T = 25 degrees C, pH 5, Co = 50 mg/L, m = 25 mg). The BLB was characterised using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis, thermal gravimetric analysis/differential thermal analysis, scanning electron microscopy analysis and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis. In addition, pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetic models were applied. The equilibrium data for the adsorption of Hg(II) onto BLB were examined by the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. The activation energy was calculated using the pseudo-second-order rate constant. These results suggested the BLB can be used as an efficient adsorbent for the removal of Hg(II) metal ions from wastewater. When the results of bio-sorption studies were examined, it was found that the bio-sorbent could be reused easily. The present study suggests that microorganism bio-sorbents are useful for the efficient removal of mercury from aqueous solutions.
Advanced Detection of Retinal Diseases Via Novel Hybrid Deep Learning Approach
(int information & Engineering Technology Assoc, 2023) Aykat, Sukru; Senan, Sibel; Aykat, Şükrü
Diabetic drusen, choroidal neovascularization (CNV), and macular edema (DME) are some retinal diseases that can cause severe blindness and vision loss. Early diagnosis of retinal diseases is vital to prevent this irreversible damage to the eye. The problem statement of this study can be given as presenting new deep learning based results for detecting these retinal diseases. For this purpose, OCT dataset was used to detect CNV, DME and Drusen patients. This data set, which is frequently used in the literature, consists of CNV, DME, Drusen and Normal retina images. RestNet50, InceptionV3, InceptionResnetV2, MobileNet, DenseNet-201, Xception, EfficentNetB4, EfficentNetB7 and EfficentNetV2S models of the CNN architecture were applied to the data set and the performance results of these models were obtained. Then, in order to increase the classification performance of each of these models, hyperparameter tuning was performed by reducing the learning rate by half in each epoch. Later, a hybrid version of the EfficientNetV2S and Xception convolutional neural network models, the most successful of these hyperparameter-tuned models, was developed. The performance analysis results of our proposed hybrid deep learning model are given by comparing them with traditional deep learning models in the literature. These comparison results show that the classification success of the proposed model is higher than the success of traditional deep learning models in the literature. Thus, the proposed hybrid model can shorten the clinical diagnosis time. In addition, the costs of healthcare services can be reduced by intervening in treatable diseases earlier, instead of more costly interventions in the advanced stages of the disease.
Allelic variations of glutenin subunits and their association with quality traits in bread wheat genotypes
(Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 2017) Aktaş , Hüsnü; Baloch, Faheem Shehzad
The present study was conducted to evaluate the genotype × environment interaction of the yield and quality traits for five bread wheat varieties commonly grown in the Southeastern Anatolia Region of Turkey and 20 advanced lines developed within the framework of the International Winter Wheat Improvement Project. We also determined the allelic pattern of the Glu-1 and Glu-3 loci of these genotypes and examined whether these loci had an effect on the quality traits. There was a significant variation among the genotypes and environments in terms of grain yield, protein content, sedimentation volume (SV), and the extensograph dough energy value (EDEV). The results of the study indicated that genotypic effect was more influential on SV and EDEV than environmental effect; thus, both traits could be used in breeding programs to develop elite cultivars with better quality. Twelve different high-molecularweight (HMW) glutenin alleles were identified at the Glu-A1, Glu-B1, and Glu-D1 loci, resulting in 14 allelic combinations, and 17 different alleles were observed in 19 combinations for low-molecular-weight (LMW) subunits. Furthermore, among all the genotypes, 13 + 16 and 13 + 19 alleles at Glu-B1 and 5 + 12 at Glu-D1 were observed to have the lowest frequency. Our study indicated that the combinations of HMW glutenin alleles with 2* at Glu-A1, 17 + 18 and 13 + 16 at Glu-B1, and 5 + 10 at Glu-D1, as well as the combinations of LMW alleles with subunits c and d at Glu-A3; subunits d, b, c, and g at Glu-B3; and subunits a and b at Glu-D3 had positive effects on the quality traits.
Alpha-lipoic acid may ameliorate testicular damage by targeting dox-induced altered antioxidant parameters, mitofusin-2 and apoptotic gene expression
(Andrologia, 2021) Güzel, Elif Erdem; Kaya Tektemur, Nalan; Tektemur, Ahmet
In the study, the ameliorating effects of alfa lipoic acid (ALA) against doxorubicin-induced testicular apoptosis, oxidative stress and disrupted mitochondrial fusion were investigated in male rats. Rats were divided into four groups as control, doxorubicin (DOX), DOX + ALA and ALA. A single dose of 15 mg/kg DOX was administered i.p to the DOX and DOX + ALA groups. 50 mg/kg ALA was given to the DOX + ALA and ALA groups by oral gavage every other day. After 28 days, rat testes and serum samples were collected and analysed. Administration of DOX alone caused a decrease in body and relative testicular weights, seminiferous tubule diameter and germinal epithelium thickness, Johnsen's score and serum testosterone levels. DOX treatment led to severe testicular damage such as tubular degeneration, and atrophic tubules. Also, the activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase were reduced, while the level of malondialdehyde was increased in the testis. The mRNA levels of apoptotic-related genes (CASP3, TP53, BAX, BCL2) and apoptotic index were increased, while mitofusin-2 decreased. DOX caused an increase in CASP3 and a decrease in mitofusin-2 immunoreactivities. Treatment with ALA markedly improved all of DOX-induced biochemical, histochemical and molecular alterations in rat testis. Consequently, ALA has a therapeutic role in ameliorating DOX-induced testicular damage in rats.
AMMI Model to Assess Durum Wheat Genotypes in Multi-Environment Trials
(JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, 2018) Tekdal, S; Kendal, E.
The goal of this research was to assess the stability and yield performance of 150 durum wheat genotypes in multi-environment trials in two locations (Diyarbakir and Kiziltepe), in 2011-2012, and 2012-2013 growing seasons. The trials were designed by Lattice Experimental Design with two replications (incomplete block design). The AMMI (Additive Main Effects and Multiplicative Interaction) and GEI (GenotypexEnvironment Interaction) analysis were used in the study to estimate GEI effects on grain yield, because of plant breeders' great interest in these models for breeding programs. AMMI evaluation indicated that genotypes made the most important contributions to treatments Sum of Squares (59.8%), environments (3.5%), and GEI (36.7%), respectively, suggesting that grain yield had been affected by environment. IPCA 1 and IPCA 2 axes (Principal Component) were significant as P< 0.01 and explained 63.8 and 36.2%, respectively. Results showed that Kiziltepe 2013 was more stable and high yielding, meanwhile Diyarbakir 2012 and Diyarbakir 2013 environments were unstable and low yielding. According to stability variance, usually the province lines were more productive and stable than some old cultivars and many landraces/genotypes. Moreover, genotype G24 was more effective in all environments. The GEI model according to AMMI analysis suggested that this genotype can be considered as a candidate, due to extensive adaptability and high performances in all environments.
An Examination of the Effects of Propolis and Quercetin in a Rat Model of Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy
(Mdpi, 2024) Tueredi, Sibel; Celik, Hakim; Dagli, Seyda Nur; Taskin, Seyhan; Seker, Ugur; Deniz, Mustafa
The purpose of this study was to reveal the combined effects of propolis (P) and quercetin (Q) against diabetic peripheral neuropathy developing with streptozotocin-induced diabetes in rats. Sixty-four adult male rats were divided into eight equal groups: control, P (100 mg/kg/day), Q (100 mg/kg/day), P + Q (100 mg/day for both), diabetes mellitus (DM) (single-dose 60 mg/kg streptozotocin), DM + P, DM + Q, and DM + P + Q. The rats were sacrificed, and blood and sciatic nerve tissues were collected. Blood glucose and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels increased, while IL-6 and total antioxidant status decreased in the DM group (p = 0.016 and p = 0.047, respectively). Ultrastructural findings showed degeneration of the axon and myelin sheath. The apoptotic index (AI %), TNF-alpha, and IL-1 beta immunopositivity increased significantly in the DM group (p < 0.001). Morphological structures approaching those of the controls were observed in the DM + P, DM + Q, and DM + P + Q groups. Morphometric measurements increased markedly in all treatment groups (p < 0.001), while blood glucose and MDA levels, AI (%), TNF-alpha, and IL-1 beta immunopositivity decreased. In conclusion, the combined effects of propolis and quercetin in diabetic neuropathy may provide optimal morphological protection with neuroprotective effects by reducing hyperglycemia, and these may represent a key alternative supplement in regenerative medicine.
Analyses of Po-Based Fuzzy Logic-Controlled Mppt and Incremental Conductance Mppt Algorithms in Pv Systems
(Mdpi, 2025) Cakmak, Fevzi; Aydogmus, Zafer; Tur, Mehmet Rida
This manuscript aims to increase the utilization of solar energy, which is both environmentally friendly and easily accessible, to satisfy the energy needs of developing countries. In order to achieve this goal, maximum power generation should be provided from photovoltaic panels. Several maximum power point tracking (MPPT) methods are utilized for maximum power generation in photovoltaic panel systems under different weather conditions. In this paper, a novel intelligent hybrid fuzzy logic-controlled maximum power point tracking algorithm founded on the perturb and observe (PO) algorithm is presented. The proposed fuzzy logic controller algorithm and the incremental conductivity maximum power point tracking algorithm were simulated in a MATLAB(2018b version)/Simulink environment and evaluated by comparing the results. Four Sharp ND-F4Q295 solar panels, two in series and two in parallel, were used for the simulation. In this study, the voltage ripple of the proposed hybrid method was measured at 1% compared to the classical incremental conductivity method, while it was 8.6% in the IncCon method. Similarly, the current ripple was 1.08% in the proposed hybrid FLC method, while the current ripple was 9.27% in the IncCon method. It is observed that the proposed smart method stabilizes the system voltage faster, at 25 ms, in the event of sudden weather changes.
Analysis of bioactive compounds using LC-ESI-MS/MS, cytotoxic, antimicrobial effects, and enzyme activities from Cyclotrichium origanifolium
(Wiley Online Library, 2022) Aktepe, Necmettin; Baran, Ayşe; Atalar, Mehmet Nuri; Baran, Mehmet Fırat; Keskin, Cumali; Taşkin, Abdullah; Yavuz, Ömer; Demirtaş, İbrahim; Oğuz, Ercan; Jahan, Israt
Cyclotrichium origanifolium is a medicinal plant belonging to the Lamiaceae family. In this study, phenolic content analysis, antimicrobial effects, and cytotoxic effects of extracts of C. origanifolium were investigated. In the extracts, phenolic compound analysis by the liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization– tandem mass spectrometry method, antimicrobial effect by the minimum inhibition concentration method, and cytotoxic effect on human dermal fibroblasts (HDF), glioblastoma cell (U87), ovarian adenocarcinoma cell (Skov-3), and human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell (CaCo-2) cancer cell lines were investigated. Cytotoxicity analyses were performed by the MTT method. In addition, the GST and AChE enzyme activities of the extracts were also measured. Around 18 compounds were detected in both the methanol and ethanol extract. It was found that the best antimicrobial effect on Gram-negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa was on methanol extract, while the ethanol extract was on Candida albicans fungus (respectively, 2.50mg/ml, 5.0 μg/ml). A 500μg/ml of methanol extract has been shown to have cytotoxic activity high effect on HDF cells. GST and AChE activity were found to decrease in a concentration-dependent manner.
Anatolian Medicinal Plants as Potential Antiviral Agents: Bridging Traditional Knowledge and Modern Science in the Fight Against Covid-19 and Related Viral Infections
(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2024) Tilkat, Engin; Jahan, Israt; Hoser, Ayse; Kaplan, Alevcan; Ozdemir, Oguzhan; Onay, Ahmet
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was the cause of the coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19), commonly known as the coronavirus pandemic. Since December 2020, COVID-19 vaccines have been extensively administered in numerous countries. In addition to new antiviral medications, the treatment regimen encompasses symptom management. Despite sustained research efforts, the outbreak remains uncontrolled, with affected patients still lacking proper treatment. This review is a valuable asset for researchers and practitioners aiming to delve into the yet unexplored potential of Anatolian flora in the fight against COVID-19 and other viral infections. Numerous medicinal plants in Anatolia, such as thyme, sage, cannabis, oregano, licorice root, and Origanum sp., contain bioactive compounds with proven antiviral properties that have been used in the region for centuries. The rich legacy of traditional Anatolian medicine (TAM), has significantly influenced modern medicine; thus, the profusion of medicinal plants native to Anatolia holds promise for antiviral drug development, making this review essential for researchers and practitioners.
The antioxidant and anti-apoptotic potential of Pleurotus eryngii extract and its chitosan-loaded nanoparticles against doxorubicin-induced testicular toxicity in male rats
(Wiley, 2021) Erdem Güzel, Elif; Kaya Tektemur, Nalan; Tektemur, Ahmet; Acay, Hilal; Yıldırım, Ayfer
This study was conducted to evaluate the protective role of Pleurotus eryngii extract (PE) and Pleurotus eryngii extract-loaded chitosan nanoparticles (PE-CSNP) against doxorubicin (DOX)-induced testicular toxicity in rats. Male rats were divided into six groups: control (DMSO/ethanol), PE (200 mg/kg PE), PE-CSNP (30 mg/kg PECSNP), DOX (10 mg/kg DOX, a single dose, i.p), DOX+PE (10 mg/kg DOX+200 mg/ kg PE) and DOX+PE-CSNP (10 mg/kg DOX+30 mg/kg PE-CSNP). PE and PE-CSNP were administered by oral gavage every other day for 21 days. DOX-treated rats showed histopathological impairment compared with the control group. There was an increase in the apoptotic index, caspase 3 (CASP3), BCL2-associated X apoptosis regulator (BAX), dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1) expression and total oxidative status (TOS) in the DOX group, while mitofusin-2 (MFN2), total antioxidative status (TAS) and serum testosterone levels of the DOX group reduced when compared with the other groups. PE and PE-CSNP treatments provided significant protection against DOX-induced oxidative stress by reducing TOS levels and increasing TAS levels. CASP3, BAX, apoptotic index and DRP1-MFN2 expressions were restored by PE and PE-CSNP. However, the PE-CSNP showed higher antioxidant and anti-apoptotic efficacy compared with PE. Thus, our results provide evidence that CSNP and PE could synergistically have a potent antioxidant and anti-apoptotic therapy against DOX-induced testicular damage in male rats.
Antioxidant Properties of Cultured Mycelia from Four Pleurotus Species Produced in Submerged Medium
(TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC, 2013) Dundar, Abdurrahman; Okumus, Veysi; Ozdemir, Sadin; Yildiz, Abdunnasir
The ethanolic extracts of dried cultured mycelia of Pleurotus ostreatus, Pleurotus eryngii, Pleurotus florida, and Pleurotus sajor-caju were analyzed for antioxidant activity in different systems. Tests used are as follows: reducing power, free radical scavenging, superoxide anion radical scavenging, total antioxidant activity, metal chelating activitiy, etc.; total phenolic content was determined. The percentage inhibition of P. ostreatus, P. eryngii, P. florida, and P. sajor-caju at 20 mg/mL concentration on peroxidation in a -carotenelinoleic acid system was 57.19, 60.68, 62.12, and 58.81%, respectively. The reducing power of P. eryngii was higher than the other samples, and its value was 0.86 at 10 mg/mL concentration. P. ostreatus and P. sajor-caju proved to be better at scavenging superoxide anion radicals than the P. eryngii and P. florida. In the scavenging effect of DPPH radical test, P. ostreatus showed the highest activity potential and P. sajor-caju showed the strongest metal chelating capacity.
APPLICATION OF EXERGOECONOMIC ANALYSIS FOR POWER PLANTS
(VINCA INST NUCLEAR SCI, 2018) Unal, Fatih; Ozkan, Derya Burcu
Currently, energy resources are rapidly consumed. Therefore, scientists and engineers study the effective use of energy. In the present study, a thermodynamic and exergoeconomic analysis was performed in a thermal power plant in Turkey. The study involved determining the thermodynamic properties of 27 node points in a thermal power plant unit, and this was followed by calculating energy and exergy values of every node. Mean exergy costs were calculated by establishing energy and exergy balances of the equipment with respect to the calculated results. Subsequently, lost and damaged energies and exergies were calculated, and exergoeconomic factors were determined. The equipments were compared with each other on a graph based on the obtained results. The maximum rate of exergy loss and cost of exergy destruction corresponded to 79.5% and 886,66 $/h, respectively. The maximum exergy losses in a thermal power plant occurred in the boiler, turbine groups, condenser, heating group, pumps, and auxiliary groups. The highest and second highest law efficiencies of the studied thermal power plant corresponded to 32.3% and 28.5%, respectively. The study also involved presenting suggestions for improvement. Additionally, exergoeconomic analyses were conducted while considering the power plants' investment and equipment maintenance costs. It is expected that the calculation method and the obtained results can be applied to other thermal power plants.
Ascorbic Acid Exhibits More of a Protective Effect Than Estradiol Against Nephrotoxicity Induced by Malathion in Rats: a Histopathological and Molecular Docking Study
(TUBITAK, 2025) Alhilal, M.; Elsayed Mohamed Salem, M.; Ali Albakoush, A.; Alhilal, S.; Farag, B.; Gomha, S.M.
Background/aim: Despite the known harmful effects associated with malathion toxicity in various organs, it continues to be widely used for plant protection and insect control. This study is the first to compare the protective effects of estradiol and ascorbic acid against malathion-induced nephrotoxicity through histopathological assessment and molecular docking analyses. Materials and methods: This study was conducted using 20 female albino rats that were distributed into sham, malathion, malathion + estradiol, and malathion + ascorbic acid groups. Nephrotoxicity was induced by daily treatment with malathion and the effects of estradiol and ascorbic on nephrotoxicity were evaluated. After 4 weeks of treatment, the animals were sacrificed and the kidneys were examined following hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. Histopathology results were supported by molecular docking studies of estradiol and ascorbic acid against a target protein (PDB ID: 2YMX), the peptide inhibitor Fab408 inhibiting acetylcholinesterase (AChE). The inhibition of AChE is the primary mechanism of the toxic effects of malathion. Results: Histopathological examination revealed a notable elevation (p < 0.001) in degeneration and necrosis within the tubular epithelium and interstitial nephritis in the malathion group compared to the sham group. Daily administration of estradiol and ascorbic acid resulted in a notable reduction (p = 0.0022) in the severity of these histopathological changes in the malathion + estradiol and malathion + ascorbic acid groups compared to the malathion group. Of these, the most significant decreases were observed in the malathion + ascorbic acid group. Docking studies of these compounds against the selected protein (PDB ID: 2YMX) revealed promising binding scores. Ascorbic acid exhibited the highest docking score (–6.44 kcal/mol), indicating a favorable binding interaction with this protein. Conclusion: Estradiol and ascorbic acid exert protective effects against malathion-induced nephrotoxicity, whereas ascorbic acid showed superior efficacy compared to estradiol. This result was further supported by molecular docking studies. © TÜBİTAK.
Association Between Abo Blood Group, Peripheral Artery Disease Lesion Severity, and Coronary Artery Disease Coexistence
(Elsevier Inc., 2025) Evsen, A.; Aktan, A.; Kılıç, R.; Özbek, M.
Background: This study aims to investigate the relationship between ABO blood groups and the severity of peripheral artery disease (PAD) lesions, the coexistence of coronary artery disease (CAD) with PAD, and to identify which blood groups may be more predisposed to these conditions. Methods: This study, which has a single-center and retrospective design, includes 305 patients diagnosed with peripheral artery disease (PAD) between 2015 and 2021. The patients were selected from those with at least 50% stenosis detected by computed tomography (CT) angiography. The severity of PAD lesions was evaluated according to the TransAtlantic Inter-Society Consensus (TASC-II) classification, and the presence of CAD was determined by simultaneous conventional coronary angiography. Demographic data, comorbidities, and laboratory results were collected, and statistical analyses were performed using chi-square tests, logistic regression, and t-tests. All of these patients were divided into 2 groups based on their ABO blood types: O and non-O blood groups. Results: This study demonstrates a significant relationship between blood group classification and both the severity of PAD and the prevalence of CAD. Patients with non-O blood groups exhibited a higher likelihood of having severe PAD lesions (TASC-C and TASC-D) compared to those with O blood groups, who more frequently had milder lesions (TASC-A and TASC-B) (P < 0.001). The prevalence of CAD was also significantly higher among patients with non-O blood groups than those with the O blood group (54.4% vs. 36.4%; P = 0.003). In the logistic regression analysis, non-O blood groups, alongside age, hypertension (HT), and chronic kidney disease (CKD), emerged as independent predictors of severe PAD (P < 0.001 for non-O blood groups). Similarly, older age and non-O blood group status were identified as significant independent predictors of CAD (P = 0.004). These findings suggest that blood group classification, particularly non-O groups, may influence the severity and coexistence of PAD and CAD. Conclusion: Our study reveals a significant association between ABO blood groups and both the severity of PAD and the association of CAD, and shows that non-O blood groups are linked to more severe forms of these conditions. These findings highlight the potential role of ABO blood groups in cardiovascular risk stratification, suggesting a need for further research to confirm these associations and understand their clinical implications. © 2025 Elsevier Inc.
Association Between the Triglyceride-Glucose Index and Contrast-Induced Nephropathy in Chronic Total Occlusion Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
(Bmc, 2025) Soner, Serdar; Aktan, Adem; Kilic, Raif; Guzel, Hamdullah; Tastan, Ercan; Oksul, Metin; Guzel, Tuncay
Objective The triglyceride glucose (TyG) index is a biomarker of insulin resistance and is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events. Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is an important complication that causes poor outcomes in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). In this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between the TyG index and CIN and mortality in patients who underwent PCI due to chronic total coronary occlusion (CTO). Methods Two hundred eighteen individuals from three separate medical centers who underwent procedural PCI between February 2010 and April 2012 and had a CTO lesion in at least one coronary artery were recruited. According to the TyG index, patients were divided into two groups. Patients with a TyG index >= 8.65 were included in Group 1, and patients with a TyG index < 8.65 were included in Group 2. Patients were followed up for 96 months. The main outcome was the development of CIN and mortality. Results The mean age of the patients (65.8 +/- 10.94 vs. 61.68 +/- 11.4, P = 0.009), diabetes mellitus (60 [44.8%] vs. 11 [13.1%], P < 0.001), and dyslipidemia rates (52 [38.8%] vs. 21 [25%], P = 0.036) were higher in group 1. In multivariable logistic regression analysis, it was seen that age (OR = 1.04, 95% CI = 1.01-1.08, P = 0.020), chronic kidney disease (OR = 2.34, 95% CI = 1.02-5.33, P = 0.044), peripheral artery disease (OR = 5.66, 95% CI = 1.24-25.91, p = 0.026), LVEF (OR = 0.95, 95% CI = 0.92-0.99, P = 0.005), LDL cholesterol levels (OR = 1.00, 95%CI = 1.00-1.02, P = 0.024) and TyG index (OR = 2.17, 95% CI = 1.21-3.89, P = 0.009) were independent predictors of the development of CIN. Conclusion Our study demonstrates a correlation between the TyG index and the prevalence of CIN in patients with CTO undergoing PCI. Adding the TyG index to the routine clinical evaluation of patients with CTO undergoing PCI may help protect patients from the development of CIN.

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