Bitkisel ve Hayvansal Üretim Bölümü Koleksiyonu

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12514/201

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Citation - WoS: 9
Citation - Scopus: 11
Allelic variations of glutenin subunits and their association with quality traits in bread wheat genotypes
(2017) Aktaş, Hüsnü; Baloch, Faheem Shehzad
The present study was conducted to evaluate the genotype × environment interaction of the yield and quality traits for five bread wheat varieties commonly grown in the Southeastern Anatolia Region of Turkey and 20 advanced lines developed within the framework of the International Winter Wheat Improvement Project. We also determined the allelic pattern of the Glu-1 and Glu-3 loci of these genotypes and examined whether these loci had an effect on the quality traits. There was a significant variation among the genotypes and environments in terms of grain yield, protein content, sedimentation volume (SV), and the extensograph dough energy value (EDEV). The results of the study indicated that genotypic effect was more influential on SV and EDEV than environmental effect; thus, both traits could be used in breeding programs to develop elite cultivars with better quality. Twelve different high-molecularweight (HMW) glutenin alleles were identified at the Glu-A1, Glu-B1, and Glu-D1 loci, resulting in 14 allelic combinations, and 17 different alleles were observed in 19 combinations for low-molecular-weight (LMW) subunits. Furthermore, among all the genotypes, 13 + 16 and 13 + 19 alleles at Glu-B1 and 5 + 12 at Glu-D1 were observed to have the lowest frequency. Our study indicated that the combinations of HMW glutenin alleles with 2* at Glu-A1, 17 + 18 and 13 + 16 at Glu-B1, and 5 + 10 at Glu-D1, as well as the combinations of LMW alleles with subunits c and d at Glu-A3; subunits d, b, c, and g at Glu-B3; and subunits a and b at Glu-D3 had positive effects on the quality traits.
Allelic variations of glutenin subunits and their association with quality traits in bread wheat genotypes
(Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 2017) Aktaş , Hüsnü; Baloch, Faheem Shehzad
The present study was conducted to evaluate the genotype × environment interaction of the yield and quality traits for five bread wheat varieties commonly grown in the Southeastern Anatolia Region of Turkey and 20 advanced lines developed within the framework of the International Winter Wheat Improvement Project. We also determined the allelic pattern of the Glu-1 and Glu-3 loci of these genotypes and examined whether these loci had an effect on the quality traits. There was a significant variation among the genotypes and environments in terms of grain yield, protein content, sedimentation volume (SV), and the extensograph dough energy value (EDEV). The results of the study indicated that genotypic effect was more influential on SV and EDEV than environmental effect; thus, both traits could be used in breeding programs to develop elite cultivars with better quality. Twelve different high-molecularweight (HMW) glutenin alleles were identified at the Glu-A1, Glu-B1, and Glu-D1 loci, resulting in 14 allelic combinations, and 17 different alleles were observed in 19 combinations for low-molecular-weight (LMW) subunits. Furthermore, among all the genotypes, 13 + 16 and 13 + 19 alleles at Glu-B1 and 5 + 12 at Glu-D1 were observed to have the lowest frequency. Our study indicated that the combinations of HMW glutenin alleles with 2* at Glu-A1, 17 + 18 and 13 + 16 at Glu-B1, and 5 + 10 at Glu-D1, as well as the combinations of LMW alleles with subunits c and d at Glu-A3; subunits d, b, c, and g at Glu-B3; and subunits a and b at Glu-D3 had positive effects on the quality traits.
Citation - WoS: 19
Citation - Scopus: 21
Canker and leaf scorch on olive (Olea europaea L.) caused by Neoscytalidium dimidiatum in Turkey
(ScienceDirect, 2022) Güney, İnci Güler; Özer, Göksel; Türkölmez, Şahimerdan; Derviş, Sibel
In a recent survey of olive groves in the Southeast Anatolia Region of Turkey, a new and serious decline of olive trees, beginning with foliar scorching and then dieback of twigs, branches, and even whole trees, was observed for the first time. In more advanced stages of the disease, necrosis and cankers were observed on the bark of the trunk, branches, and twigs. Isolations from symptomatic tissues from multiple cultivars in diverse locations yielded Neoscytalidium dimidiatum, which were identified using ITS, tef1, and tub2 loci of genomic DNA, in combination with morphological data. In vitro studies showed that conidial germination, hyphal growth, and pycnidia formation of the pathogen were positively correlated with elevated temperatures. Wild type olive “Delice”, “Edincik Su”, and “Memecik” seemed like the most resistant cultivars on which disease severity values were the lowest among 14 screened olive cultivars in two experimental orchards under natural conditions. Pathogenicity tests showed that “Gemlik” was the most susceptible cultivar showing the largest cankers and extensive scorch lesions. Isolates caused canker but not leaf scorch on O. europaea cultivars “Arbequina” “Halhalı”, “Manzanilla”, “Nizip Yağlık”, and “Saurani”. Neoscytalidium isolates are likely to have a negative impact on the health of diverse olive groves, which are primarily confined to Mediterranean-type climatic regions. These findings suggest an increased risk of infection in environments with increasing temperatures, as is common in the Southeast Anatolia Region of Turkey. The information gathered in this study will be used to examine the disease's epidemiology and establish disease control initiatives. This is also the first report of N. dimidiatum infecting O. europaea in the world.
Citation - WoS: 17
Citation - Scopus: 18
Characterization and pathogenicity of Pythium-like species associated with root and collar rot of kiwifruit in Turkey
(In Plant Disease, 2021) Türkkan, Muharrem; Özer, Göksel; Karaca, Gürsel; Erper, İsmail; Derviş, Sibel
During the period of June to October in 2018, a widespread decline was observed on kiwifruit vines in the vineyards located in Altınordu, Fatsa, and Perşembe districts of Ordu province. The symptoms were associated with reddish-brown rots expanding from the root to the collar with sparse off-color foliage. Based on the percentage of the total infected samples across 18 vineyards, the most common oomycete species were Globisporangium intermedium (37.1%), Phytopythium vexans (34.3%), G. sylvaticum (14.3%), G. heterothallicum (11.4%), and Pythium dissotocum (2.9%). The morphological identification of isolates was confirmed based on partial DNA sequences containing the nuclear rDNA internal transcribed spacer region (rDNA ITS) and the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit II (coxII) gene. The optimum growth temperature and the optimum pH of 5 species ranged from 22.98 to 28.25°C and 5.67 to 8.51, respectively. Pathogenicity tests on the seedlings of kiwifruit cv. Hayward revealed significant differences in virulence among isolates. Phytopythium vexans and G. sylvaticum isolates caused severe root and collar rot resulting in seedling death, while G. heterothallicum and G. intermedium isolates had relatively lower virulence. All Globisporangium spp. and P. vexans isolates significantly decreased plant growth parameters (plant height, shoot and root dry weights and root length); however, P. dissotocum caused very mild symptoms and did not affect these parameters of growth. To our knowledge, this is the first study reporting G. sylvaticum, G. heterothallicum, and G. intermedium causing root and collar rot on kiwifruit not only in Turkey but also in the world.
Exploiting genetic diversity from landraces in wheat breeding for adaptation to climate change
(Journal of Experimental Botany, 2015) Marta S. Lopes; Ibrahim El-Basyoni; Peter S. Baenziger; Sukhwinder Singh; Conxita Royo; Kursad Ozbek; Aktaş , Hüsnü; Emel Ozer; Fatih Ozdemir; Alagu Manickavelu; Tomohiro Ban; Prashant Vikram
Climate change has generated unpredictability in the timing and amount of rain, as well as extreme heat and cold spells that have affected grain yields worldwide and threaten food security. Sources of specific adaptation related to drought and heat, as well as associated breeding of genetic traits, will contribute to maintaining grain yields in dry and warm years. Increased crop photosynthesis and biomass have been achieved particularly through disease resistance and healthy leaves. Similarly, sources of drought and heat adaptation through extended photosynthesis and increased biomass would also greatly benefit crop improvement. Wheat landraces have been cultivated for thousands of years under the most extreme environmental conditions. They have also been cultivated in lower input farming systems for which adaptation traits, particularly those that increase the duration of photosynthesis, have been conserved. Landraces are a valuable source of genetic diversity and specific adaptation to local environmental conditions according to their place of origin. Evidence supports the hypothesis that landraces can provide sources of increased biomass and thousand kernel weight, both important traits for adaptation to tolerate drought and heat. Evaluation of wheat landraces stored in gene banks with highly beneficial untapped diversity and sources of stress adaptation, once characterized, should also be used for wheat improvement. Unified development of databases and promotion of data sharing among physiologists, pathologists, wheat quality scientists, national programmes, and breeders will greatly benefit wheat improvement for adaptation to climate change worldwide.
Citation - WoS: 2
Citation - Scopus: 2
First Report of Binucleate Rhizoctonia AG-F Causing Stalk and Root Rot of Corn (Zea Mays) in Turkey
(Amer Phytopathological Soc, 2019) Turkolmez, S.; Ciftci, O.; Dervis, S.; Serce, C. Ulubas
Citation - WoS: 17
Citation - Scopus: 19
First Report of Neoscytalidium Dimidiatum Causing Black Canker and Root Rot of Walnut in Turkey
(Amer Phytopathological Soc, 2019) Dervis, S.; Turkolmez, S.; Ciftci, O.; Serce, C. Ulubas; Dikilitas, M.
Citation - WoS: 5
Citation - Scopus: 5
First Report of Neoscytalidium Dimidiatum Causing Dieback, Shoot Blight, and Branch Canker of Willow Trees in Turkey
(Amer Phytopathological Soc, 2019) Turkolmez, Sahimerdan; Dervis, Sibel; Ciftci, Osman; Serce, Cigdem Ulubas; Turkohmez, Cemile Gulden; Dikilitas, Murat
Citation - WoS: 14
Citation - Scopus: 16
First Report of Neoscytalidium Dimidiatum Causing Shoot and Needle Blight of Pines (Pinus Spp.) in Turkey
(Amer Phytopathological Soc, 2019) Turkolmez, Sahimerdan; Dervis, Sibel; Ciftci, Osman; Dikilitas, Murat
Citation - WoS: 18
Citation - Scopus: 22
Fungal Pathogens Associated with Crown and Root Rot in Wheat-Growing Areas of Northern Kyrgyzstan
(Journal of Fungi, 2023) Göksel Özer, Ismail Erper, Senol Yıldız, Tuğba Bozoğu, Sezim Zholdoshbekova, Mehtap Alkan, Fatih Tekin, Tair Esenali Uulu, Mustafa İmren, Abdelfattah A. Dababat,; Derviş, Sibel
Abstract: Fungal species associated with crown and root rot diseases in wheat have been extensively studied in many parts of the world. However, no reports on the relative importance and distribution of pathogens associated with wheat crown and root rot in Kyrgyzstan have been published. Hence, fungal species associated with wheat crown/root rot were surveyed in three main wheat production regions in northern Kyrgyzstan. Fungal species were isolated on 1/5 strength potato-dextrose agar amended with streptomycin (0.1 g/L) and chloramphenicol (0.05 g/L). A total of 598 fungal isolates from symptomatic tissues were identified using morphological features of the cultures and conidia, as well as sequence analysis of the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, the translation elongation factor 1α (TEF1), and the RNA polymerase II beta subunit (RPB2) genes. The percentage of fields from which each fungus was isolated and their relative percentage isolation levels were determined. Bipolaris sorokiniana, the causal agent of common root rot, was the most prevalent pathogenic species isolated, being isolated from 86.67% of the fields surveyed at a frequency of isolation of 40.64%. Fusarium spp. accounted for 53.01% of all isolates and consisted of 12 different species. The most common Fusarium species identified was Fusarium acuminatum, which was isolated from 70% of the sites surveyed with an isolation frequency of 21.57%, followed by Fusarium culmorum, Fusarium nygamai, Fusarium oxysporum, and Fusarium equiseti, all of which had a field incidence of more than 23%. Inoculation tests with 44 isolates representing 17 species on the susceptible Triticum aestivum cv. Seri 82 revealed that Fusarium pseudograminearum and F. culmorum isolates were equally the most virulent pathogens. The widespread distribution of moderately virulent B. sorokiniana appears to be a serious threat to wheat culture, limiting yield and quality. With the exception of F. culmorum, the remaining Fusarium species did not pose a significant threat to wheat production in the surveyed areas because common species, such as F. acuminatum, F. nygamai, F. oxysporum, and F. equiseti, were non-pathogenic but infrequent species, such as Fusarium redolens, Fusarium algeriense, and F. pseudograminearum, were highly or moderately virulent. Curvularia inaequalis, which was found in three different fields, was mildly virulent. The remaining Fusarium species, Fusarium solani, Fusarium proliferatum, Fusarium burgessii, and Fusarium tricinctum, as well as Microdochium bolleyi, Microdochium nivale, and Macrophomina phaseolina, were non-pathogenic and considered to be secondary colonizers. The implications of these findings are discussed.
Citation - WoS: 23
Citation - Scopus: 28
Fungal Pathogens Associated with Crown and Root Rot of Wheat in Central, Eastern, and Southeastern Kazakhstan
(Journal of Fungi, 2022) Bozoğlu, Tuğba; Derviş, Sibel; Imren, Mustafa; Amer, Mohammed; Özdemir, Fatih; Paulitz, Timoth; Morgounov, Alexey; Dababat, Abdelfattah A.; Özer, Göksel
Kazakhstan is the fourteenth largest wheat producer in the world. Despite this fact, there has not been a comprehensive survey of wheat root and crown rot. A quantitative survey was conducted for the purpose of establishing the distribution of fungi associated with root and crown rot on wheat (Triticum spp.). During the 2019 growing season, samples were taken from the affected plants’ roots and stem bases. A total of 1221 fungal isolates were acquired from 65 sites across the central (Karagandy region), eastern (East Kazakhstan region), and southeastern (Almaty region) parts of the country and identified using morphological and molecular tools. The internal transcribed spacer (ITS), translation elongation factor 1-alpha (EF1-α), and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) sequences were successfully used to identify the species of fungal isolates. It was found that Bipolaris sorokiniana (44.80%) and Fusarium acuminatum (20.39%) were the most predominant fungal species isolated, which were present in 86.15 and 66.15% of the fields surveyed, respectively, followed by F. equiseti (10.16%), Curvularia spicifera (7.62%), F. culmorum (4.75%), F. oxysporum (4.10%), F. redolens (2.38%), Rhizoctonia solani AG2-1 (1.06%), Nigrospora oryzae (0.98%), C. inaequalis (0.90%), F. pseudograminearum (0.74%), F. flocciferum (0.74%), Macrophomina phaseolina (0.66%), F. cf. incarnatum (0.33%), Fusarium sp. (0.25%), and F. torulosum (0.16%). A total of 74 isolates representing 16 species were tested via inoculation tests on the susceptible Triticum aestivum cv. Seri 82 and the results revealed that F. culmorum and F. pseudograminearum, B. sorokiniana, Fusarium sp., R. solani, F. redolens, C. spicifera, C. inaequalis, and N. oryzae were virulent, whereas others were non-pathogenic. The findings of this investigation demonstrate the presence of a diverse spectrum of pathogenic fungal species relevant to wheat crown and root rot in Kazakhstan. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of F. pseudograminearum, Fusarium sp., C. spicifera, and C. inaequalis as pathogens on wheat in Kazakhstan.
New disease caused by Neoscytalidium dimidiatum devastates tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum) in Turkey
(2019) Türkölmez, Şahimerdan; Derviş, Sibel; Çiftçi, Osman; Ulubaş Serçe, Çiğdem; Dikilitaş, Murat
A novel disease of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) was observed in the Southeast Anatolia Region of Turkey. Symptoms were blight of all aerial parts of the plant, including stems, branches, leaves, petioles, flowers and fruits, defoliation, root rot, inner stem necrosis, and plant death. The disease was found in 13.9% of surveyed fields, with an incidence varying from 3% to nearly 75% (average 21.2%) of the plants in symptomatic fields. The average severity of blight on stem in fields with the symptomatic plant surveyed was 1.4%. A Botryosphaeriaceae species, identified as Neoscytalidium dimidiatum (Penz.) Crous & Slippers using morphological and cultural features, was consistently isolated from symptomatic roots, inner stems, and blighted leaves, shoots, stems, fruits and flowers. The partial nucleotide sequence data for three gene loci, including nuclear rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS), large subunit (LSU) genes and the translation elongation factor 1-alpha (TEF-1α), confirmed the morphological identification. Furthermore, sequence data of actin genes from N. dimidiatum was, for the first time, deposited to the GenBank. Koch's postulates were fulfilled by testing the susceptibility of different tomato tissues (leaves, stems, inner stems and roots of tomato seedlings, and detached tomato fruits and flowers) to N. dimidiatum inoculation. To our knowledge, this is the first report of N. dimidiatum on tomato.
Citation - WoS: 23
Citation - Scopus: 24
New disease caused by Neoscytalidium dimidiatum devastates tomatoes (Solarium lycopersicum) in Turkey
(ELSEVIER SCI LTD, 2019) Turkolmez, Sahimerdan; Dervis, Sibel; Ciftci, Osman; Serce, Cigdem Ulubas; Dikilitas, Murat
A novel disease of tomato (Solarium lycopersicum L.) was observed in the Southeast Anatolia Region of Turkey. Symptoms were blight of all aerial parts of the plant, including stems, branches, leaves, petioles, flowers and fruits, defoliation, root rot, inner stem necrosis, and plant death. The disease was found in 13.9% of surveyed fields, with an incidence varying from 3% to nearly 75% (average 21.2%) of the plants in symptomatic fields. The average severity of blight on stem in fields with the symptomatic plant surveyed was 1.4%. A Botryosphaeriaceae species, identified as Neoscytalidium dimidiatum (Penz.) Crous & Slippers using morphological and cultural features, was consistently isolated from symptomatic roots, inner stems, and blighted leaves, shoots, stems, fruits and flowers. The partial nucleotide sequence data for three gene loci, including nuclear rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS), large subunit (LSU) genes and the translation elongation factor 1-alpha (TEF-1 alpha), confirmed the morphological identification. Furthermore, sequence data of actin genes from N. dimidiatwn was, for the first time, deposited to the GenBank. Koch's postulates were fulfilled by testing the susceptibility of different tomato tissues (leaves, stems, inner stems and roots of tomato seedlings, and detached tomato fruits and flowers) to N. dimidiatum inoculation. To our knowledge, this is the first report of N. dimidiatum on tomato.
Citation - WoS: 5
Citation - Scopus: 6
A novel blight and root rot of chickpea: A new host for Neoscytalidium dimidiatum
(ScienceDirect, 2023) Güney, İnci Güler; Bozoğlu, Tuba; Özer, Göksel; Derviş, Sibel
In the southeastern province of Mardin in Turkey, a severe and novel fungal infection affected all chickpea plant parts, resulting in blight symptoms on stem, petiole, branch, and leaf, defoliation, seed and root rot, and death. Neoscytalidium dimidiatum was identified as the agent responsible for this new blight and root rot using sequence analysis of the ITS, tef1, and tub2 loci as well as morphological data. The pathogen was found in all surveyed districts and fields, with varying incidences of blight and root rot, blight being nearly twice (40%) as common as root rot (21%), and root-rotted and blighted plants co-occurring in the majority of instances. All 92 N. dimidiatum isolates from various tissues induced necrotic lesions on the inoculated plants, indicating they were pathogenic for chickpea. Conidia exhibited germination across a temperature range, with increasing temperatures positively influencing germination rates, and mycelial growth was significantly influenced by temperature, with the optimal growth temperature observed to be 35 °C. The response of 25 Turkish chickpea cultivars and three other genotypes when subjected to inoculation with Ciar 12 and Ciar 78 isolates, representative of phylogenetic clusters, was evaluated based on the severity of blight and root rot. The majority of cultivars and genotypes displayed high susceptibility and suffered mortality when exposed to either soil or spray inoculation with each isolate. Among the assessed cultivars and genotypes, Çağatay had the lowest severity of root rot. This study is the first to report a natural infection of chickpea plants by N. dimidiatum. Under global warming, this may be detrimental to chickpea cultivation and habitat in southeastern Turkey, which is the origin of chickpeas.
Citation - WoS: 18
Citation - Scopus: 20
Traditional Uses of Medicinal Plants in Artuklu, Turkey
(Human Ecology, 2020) Mungan Kılıç, Fatma; Kılıç, Murat; Yıldız, Kemal
We conducted an ethnobotanical field study of traditional medicinal plants in 91 villages of Artuklu District among four ethnic groups: Turkish, Kurdish, Arabic, and Assyrian. We interviewed 365 elderly informants and recorded traditional uses of 85 identified botanical taxa, including four endemic species previously unidentified as medicinal plants: Arum rupicola Boiss., Gundelia mesopotamica Fırat, Alkanna trichophila Hub.-Mor., and Crocus leichtlinii (Dewar) Bowles. We gathered data specifically on medicinal uses of these taxa to determine the relative importance of the species surveyed and calculate the informant consensus factor (FIC) in relation to medicinal plant use. The highest use values were recorded for the species Teucrium polium L. (0.78), Urtica dioica L. (0.60) and Crataegus azarolus L., (0.59), while the highest FIC was for gynecological diseases (0.93).

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