Bitkisel ve Hayvansal Üretim Bölümü Koleksiyonu

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12514/201

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Fieldscout CM 1000 klorofilmetre’nin makarnalık buğdayda tane verimi ve azot kullanım etkinliğini belirlenmede kullanabilirliği
(2020) Kızılgeçi, Ferhat; Öztürk, Ferhat
This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between chlorophyll values of the CM 1000 FieldScout and nitrogen use efficiency, grain yield of some durum wheat cultivars grown in different nitrogen conditions. The research was set up in four replications according to the split plot design in the conditions of Diyarbakir during the growing season of 2017-2018. In this study, stem elongation stage, heading stage, anthesis stage, 10 days after anthesis and 20 days after anthesis Chlorophyll measurement, nitrogen use efficiency and grain yield were investigated. As a result of the study, the highest nitrogen use efficiency was obtained at 0 kg/da (N0) nitrogen application. Significant relationships were determined between the values measured with CM 1000 chlorophyll meter and nitrogen use efficiency and grain yield in N0 nitrogen application, stem elongation, heading and flowering stage in terms of grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency. In nitrogen application at 15 kg/da (N3), significant correlations were found between the values measured with CM 1000 chlorophyll meter and grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency during the heading stage. Especially at low nitrogen doses. It was concluded that it would be appropriate to use the CM 1000 chlorophyll meter to determine the nitrogen use efficiency and grain yield.
Grain yield and quality performance evaluation of bread wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.) In Diyarbakir, South-Eastern Turkey
(2020) Kızılgeçi, Ferhat; Öztürk, Ferhat
under rain fed condition during 2018 and 2019 main cropping season. The study was investigated to assess the adaptability of eight bread wheat genotypes. The study was investigated to assess the adaptability of eight bread wheat genotypes. The field experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with four replication for one year (2018 and 2019) on a plot size of 4.8 m2 (six rows at 20 cm spacing and 4 m length). Analysis of variance revealed that there was a highly significant difference among the genotypes for all traits. It was found that Empire plus (6631.4 kg/ha) showed best yield performer.
The possibility to use three portable chlorophyll meters to estimate grain yield in rain-fed conditions
(2021) Kızılgeçi, Ferhat; Yıldırım, Mehmet
Handheld spectroradiometers are used to estimate the canopy's reflective properties, the condition of the plants. In this study, the potential use of three devices (SPAD, Greenseeker and CM 1000 chlorophyll meter) was compared that can estimate indirect the chlorophyll content of the leaves. The present research was established in four replications according to the randomized complete block design in the rain-fed conditions of Diyarbakir in the growing season of 2019. Seven barley cultivars were used as plant material. Chlorophyll measurements from leaves were taken in 2 different plant growth periods (anthesis and milky stage). Greenseeker showed changes between 0.51-0.75 in anthesis and 0.43-0.6 at milk stage. SPAD varied between 30-47.3 in anthesis and 27.6-46.7 in milk stage. CM1000 ranged from 217-548 in anthesis, 121-370 in milk. It was observed that the amount of chlorophyll in the leaf decreased in the milk period compared to the anthesis period. Significant regression relationships were determined with SPAD and greenseeker during anthesis R2 = 0.194* and greenseeker and grain yield at anthesis period R2 = 0.151*. As a result of the study, a significant relationship was found between only grain yield and greenseeker during the anthesis period under rain-based conditions. It has been observed that there is no relationship between other measuring portable devices and grain yield.
Assesment of yield and yield traits of advanced bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) lines in semi-arid condition
(2021) Kızılgeçi, Ferhat; Yıldırım, Mehmet
In this present study, variation range for grain yield, some yield traits and quality traits of some bread wheat lines (Triticum aestivum L.) selected among preliminary yield trials in -2020 growing season, in order to determine outstanding wheat lines and use them in the bread wheat breeding program. One hundred five wheat lines including five check cultivars were used as genetic material. This experiment was conducted under Augmented Experimental Design consisting of four blocks of which every block has twenty five plots. According to minimum and maximum values of the lines, there was a great variation for plant height 70.8-128.4 cm; spike length 6.1-13.6 cm; spikelet number 3.2-53.4; grain number per spike 21-70.8; thousand kernel weight 24.2-43.8 g; protein ratio 8.4-18.1%; starch 78.4-89.8 % and grain yield 46-590 kg-da-1. In the evaluationusing the Biplot graph, grain yield, thousand kernel weight, starch and test weight were involved in the same group while protein content, were involved in the other group. Using UPGMA (The unweighted pair grouping method of arithmetic averages) to cluster data it was seen that bread wheat genotypes were grouped into five cluster. The result of the analysis indicated that for bread wheats the highest similarity was between G81 and G92 whereas the genetic distance between G1 and G58 was the lowest. According to the results of research, some promising and superior lines were selected for yield trials when compared to check cultivars.
Evaluation of advanced bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) lines with biplot analysis method
(2021) Kızılgeçi, Ferhat; Yıldırım, Mehmet
In this research, variation range for yield, some yield components and quality traits of some bread wheat lines (Triticum aestivum L.) selected among preliminary yield trials in -2020 growing season, in order to determine outstanding winter wheat lines and use them in the bread wheat breeding program. Thirty five wheat lines including five check cultivars were used as genetic material. This experiment was conducted under Augmented Experimental Design consisting of two blocks of which every block has twenty plots. According to minimum and maximum values of the lines, there was a great variation for plant height 75-112.8 cm; spike length 6.9-13.6 cm; spikelet number 13.2- 23.4; grain number per spike18.8-68.6; thousand kernel weight 25.2-46.8 g; protein ratio % 9.9-17.4; starch % 80.5-88.3; and grain yield 184.9-624.8 kg-da-1. In the evaluation using the Biplot graph, grain yield, thousand kernel weight, starch and test weight were involved in the same group while protein content, were involved in the other group. Using UPGMA (The unweighted pair grouping method of arithmetic averages) to cluster data it was seen that bread wheat genotypes were grouped into five cluster. The result of the analysis indicated that for bread wheats the highest similarity was between G13 and G33 whereas the genetic distance between G1 and G29 was the lowest. According to the results of research, some promising and superior lines were selected for yield trials when compared to check cultivars
Evaluation of winter/facultative wheat germplasm for the Diyarbakir wheat growing region on the basis of yield, quality, and agronomical traits
(2021) Yıldırım, Mehmet; Kızılgeçi, Ferhat; Öztürk, Ferhat
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Assessment of variety releasing performance from winter wheat germplasm at Diyarbakir condition
(2021) Yıldırım, Mehmet; Kızılgeçi, Ferhat; Öztürk, Ferhat
Spring wheat genotypes have been successfully grown with global climate change in the mate dominates. In the cold winter season, however, yield losses in spring wheat genotypes are occasionally reported. In order to solve this problem, wheat genotypes that are resistant to winter damage and suited for spring growing type must be identified. The focus of this research was to determine how winter ratio, plant height, spike length, spikelet number, spike grain number and grain weight variability of 50 wheat genotypes were ranged between 157.2- 494.7 kg da-1, 9.33-14.57 %, 82.7-88.9 %, 56-102.3 cm, 6.3-12.5 cm, 13.8-23.6, 30.6-64.4 and 28.2-56.6 g, respectively. The findings suggest that there is a large genetic variation in the traits studied, and that suitable wheat genotypes can be discovered either directly or through breeding research. According to the cluster analysis, clustering the genotypes by cutting the dendogram into 6 groups will improve genotype selection for hybridization and allow for more genotypic variation to be benefited from. The significant association between protein content and grain yield suggests that high-yielding and high-quality cultivars can be identified. The parameters controlling the grain number have a favorable impact on grain yield, while grain weight has a negative impact, according to the component analyses. The findings suggest that winter wheat trial sets can be used to identify genotypes suitable for spring type conditions.
The effects of boron on rice in the early stages of germination
(2022) Ebrahim Pour Mokhtari, Negar; Kızılgeçi, Ferhat
Bor (B), özellikle çeltiğin üreme devresinde önemli bir mineraldir. Bu araştırma borun çeltiğin çimlenmesi ve erken gelişim dönemindeki etkisini değerlendirmek için yürütülmüştür. Deneme tesadüf parseller deneme desenine göre üç tekerrürlü olarak düzenlenmiştir. Çalışmada “Osmancık-97” çeltik çeşidine altı farklı seviyede (0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.8, 1.6 ve 3.2 ppm) bor ile muamele edilmiştir. Araştırmada; kök uzunluğu, fide uzunluğu, kök yaş ağırlığı, kök kuru ağırlığı, fide yaş ağırlığı ve fide kuru ağırlığı, çimlenme hızı, çimlenme gücü, sürme hızı ve sürme gücü özellikleri incelenmiştir. Varyans analizi sonuçlarına göre; fide kuru ağırlığı, çimlenme gücü, sürme hızı ve sürme gücü bor uygulamalarından önemli ölçüde etkilenmiştir. Sonuç olarak, 0.2 ppm konsantrasyonda B uygulamasının fide kuru ağırlığı üzerinde olumlu bir etki gösterdiği görülmüştür. Çimlenme aşamasında ise 0.2 ve 1.6 ppm bor uygulamaları olumlu etkiye sahip olmuştur.
An assessment of the yield and quality of cimmyt origin bread wheat genotypes under heat stress environment
(2022) Yıldırım, Mehmet; Kızılgeçi, Ferhat; Öztürk, Ferhat
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The adaptability of various bread wheat genotypes exposed to heat stress by late sowing under Diyarbakır growth
(2022) Yıldırım, Mehmet; Kızılgeçi, Ferhat; Öztürk, Ferhat
a
Wheat germination and early seedling period are affected by different doses of boron fertilizer
(2021) Ebrahim Pour Mokhtari, Negar; Kızılgeçi, Ferhat
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Effect of different boron concentrations on germination and seedling stage of soybean[Glycine max (L.) Merr]
(2021) Ebrahim Pour Mokhtari, Negar; Kızılgeçi, Ferhat
Boron (B) is a micro element needed by plants in small amounts and its deficiency and toxicity limits are very close to each other. The main goal of this study was to examine the effects of different boron applications on germination/emergence and seedling development parameters of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr]. Six different boron doses (0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.8, 1.6 and 3.2 ppm) were applied to seed for this purpose. Turksoy variety seeds were used as the plant material. In this study, germination rate, germination vigor, seedling rate, seedling percentage, root length, seedling length, root fresh weight, root dry weight, seedling fresh weight and seedling dry weight were investigated. According to the results of analysis of variance; the effect of B concentrations on germination rate, root length, stem length, root fresh weight, stem fresh weight was significant at 5 % probability level. As a result, the application of B at 3.2 ppm concentration showed a positive effect on the germination and characteristics of seedlings average root length. Germination and seedling developments are positively affected by high levels boron.
AGRONOMICAL, MORPHOLOGICAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES TO HEAT AND DROUGHT STRESS IN WHEAT: A REVIEW
(2022) Kızılgeçi, Ferhat
Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the crucial crops in the world in terms of economy, production, food, and nutrition (Yilmaz et al.2022). Wheat is grown in over 220 million ha of land all over the world, where it is subjected to abiotic stress on average (Paudel et al., 2021). This accounts for approximately 30 percent of the world's total cereal area (Cossani and Reynolds, 2012). FAO estimated that annual cereal production must increase by nearly a billion tons in order to feed the projected population of 9.1 billion people in 2050. The 21st century requires an increase in crop production and productivity to meet the rising demand for food (Iqbal et al., 2017). Wheat is cultivated in the tropics and subtropics, where it is subjected to a wide range of abiotic pressures. Crop yields are drastically diminished due to adverse environmental stress (Rahaie et al.,2013). The most common abiotic stresses are heat, drought, salinity, cold, chemicals, and excess water. But heat and drought are the main abiotic stresses that affect wheat production around in the world (Liu et al., 2016; Kizilgeci et al., 2017). Considering global climate model, the average worldwide temperature is projected to have risen by 6 degrees Celsius by the end of the twenty-one century (De Costa, 2011).
Assessment of Yield and Quality of Some Triticale Genotypes in South-Eastern Anatolia
(2019) Kızılgeçi, Ferhat
This research was conducted to assess of yield and its component in different locations some triticale genotypes. The field experiment was arranged to the randomized complete block design with four replications during the 2012-13 growing seasons under Diyarbakir and Mardin ecological conditions. Three triticale cultivars (Ege Yildizi, Fahad-5 and Karma 2000) and two advanced lines (Line DZT-01 and Line DZT-06) were used as material. SPAD, protein content, test weight, thousand kernel weight, starch content, wet gluten, zeleny sedimentation and grain yield were evaluated. According to the findings of research, genotypic differences were found significant for SPAD, grain yield, thousand kernel weight and test weight. The values ranged in genotypes were between 51.8-57.3 in SPAD, 5043.9-6469.3 kg ha-1 in grain yield, 35.31-45.81 g in thousand kernel weight, 71.38-78.72 kg hL-1 in test weight, 13.1-13.7% in protein content, 64.27-65.94% in starch content, 28.71-30.61% in wet gluten and 40.42-45.67 mL in zeleny sedimentation. Significant positive correlation between protein content with gluten content and zeleny sedimentation in both locations was found. With regard to grain yield and some quality traits of Line DZT01 and quality traits of Line DZT-06 were highest than commercial cultivars in both locations. Line DZT 01 and Line DZT-06 were found as promising line. These lines can be new cultivar candidates and could be recommended to sown in South-Eastern Anatolia Region of Turkey.
Drought and salinity stresses in barley: Consequences and mitigation strategies
(2019) EL SABAGH, Ayman; Hossain, Akbar; Islam, Md. Shohidul; Barutçular, Celaleddin; Hussain, Saddam; Hassannuzzaman, Mirza; Akram, Tauseef; Mubeen, Muhammad; Nasim, Wajid; Fahad,Shah; Kumar, Narendra; Meena,Ram Swaroop; Kızılgeçi, Ferhat; Yıldırım, Mehmet; Ratnasekera, Disna; Saneoka, Hirofumi
Recent trends show reductions in crop productivity worldwide due to severe climatic change. Different abiotic stresses significantly affect the growth and development of plants, leading to decreased crop yields. Salinity and drought stresses are the most common abiotic stresses, especially in arid and semi–arid regions, and are major constraints for barley production. The present review attempts to provide comprehensive information related to barley plant responses and adaptations to drought and salinity stresses, including physiological and agronomic, in order to alleviate the adverse effect of stresses in barley. These stresses reduce assimilation rates, as they decrease stomatal conductance, disrupt photosynthetic pigments, reduce gas exchange, enhance production of reactive oxygen species, and lead to decreased plant growth and productivity. This review focuses on the strategies plants use to respond and adapt to drought and salinity stress. Plants utilize a range of physiological and biochemical mechanisms such as adaptation strategies, through which the adverse effects can be mitigated. These include soil management practices, crop establishment, as well as foliar application of anti-oxidants and growth regulators that maintain an appropriate level of water in the leaves to facilitate adjustment of osmotic and stomatal performance. The present review highlighted the adverse effect of drought and salinity stresses barley and their mitigation strategies for sustainable barley production under changing climate. They review also underscored that exogenous application of different antioxidants could play a significant role in the alleviation of salinity and drought stress in plant systems.
Improving grain yield, protein ratio and nitrogen use efficiency of durum wheat (Triticum Durum Desf.) hybrids using spad meter as a selection criterion
(2019) Kızılgeçi, Ferhat; Akıncı, Cuma; Yıldırım, Mehmet
Chlorophyll content can serve as a guide for nitrogen management in agricultural systems. Hence, the investigating leaf chlorophyll in crops could be of benefit to boost production. The present study evaluated 15 different hybrids of durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) combinations in F F and F generations for nitrogen use efficiency (NUE), grain yield and 3, 4 5 protein content using chlorophyll meter index (CCI) under three different nitrogen levels (0, 120 and 240 kg N/ha). The results showed that N levels significantly influenced the grain yield and quality traits of durum wheat genotypes, and accordingly, SPAD readings could be used as an indirect selection criterion in durum wheat breeding to achieve the desired production targets. Genetic correlations among grain yield, CCI, grain nitrogen yield (GNY) and protein were high in F generation under high nitrogen regimes. It was also observed that all the generations of Zenit × Menceki, 3 Mersiniye × Menceki, Zenit × Mersiniye, Mersiniye × Spagetti and Spagetti × Menceki crosses have high yield potential and yield stability. It was concluded that the evaluation of the segregation populations at different generations in the same year and selection in the later generations might make a significant contribution to reduce the costs
EVALUATION OF THIRTEEN DURUM WHEAT (TRITICUM DURUM DESF.) GENOTYPES SUITABLE FOR MULTIPLE ENVIRONMENTS USING GGE BIPLOT ANALYSIS
(2019) Kızılgeçi, Ferhat; Albayrak, Önder; Yıldırım, Mehmet
The present study was undertaken to identify the best durum wheat genotypes suitable for the South-Eastern Anatolia Region of Turkey with desirable grain yield and quality. In the context, thirteen spring durum wheat genotypes were evalu ated in four environmental condition of the target region in consecutive two growing seasons in the year 2013-14 and 2014-15. The stability and supe riority of genotypes, and favorable testing environ ments were described by using ANOVA and GGE biplot analysis (genotype, genotype x environment). Genotype, environment and GEI (genotype x envi ronment interaction) was found to be highly signifi cant for multiple traits. The total variation of PCI (principles component) and PC2 was calculated 90% for ETI (environment trait interaction), 57.35 for GTI (genotype trait interaction), and 87.5% for GE interaction. The results of total variation of ETI was found higher than GTI and GEI. On the other hand, the biplot analysis showed that four mega environments occurred among ETI and three envi ronments (E1, E2 and E3) correlated with different traits, while environments E4 did not correlated with any traits. The environment E1 was found the best for Grain yield, test weight, thousand kernel weight and starch content, E2 for L*, b*, SPAD, and E3 for zeleny sedimentation, protein content and wet gluten content. In the biplot analysis, the environments divided three sector based on traits. Among the genotypes, the genotype G8 was per formed the best in all tested environments, while G9 was found the best based on all traits. The re sults of the study showed that GGE biplot analysis can be used as a good tool to identity of the most suitable environment in terms of all the characteris tics as well as to identify the best genotypes for future breeding program.
STABILITY EVALUATION OF BREAD WHEAT GENOTYPES UNDER VARYING ENVIRONMENTS BY AMMI MODEL
(2019) Kızılgeçi, Ferhat; Albayrak, Önder; Yıldırım, Mehmet; Akıncı, Cuma
Stable and high yield varieties identification under various conditions prior to release as a varie ty is the main steps for breeding program. In order to exploit narrow and broad adaptability of geno types and assess their effects, environment and GE interaction, 12 spring bread wheat genotypes were grown at four various experimental locations during 2013-14 and 2014-15 growing seasons. The stabil ity and superiority of genotypes were identified by the AMMI (additive main effect and multiplicative interaction) and GGE (genotype, genotype x envi ronment) biplot analysis. The AMMI analysis showed that the variance of genotype, environment and GE interaction were significant and the major treatment sum of squares were significantly affect ed by environments (85.47%), genotypes (8.51%) and GE interaction (6.07%). On the other hand, the first principal component axes (PCA 1) distributed to the complete interaction as 62.56%, and the second PCA 2 axes 37.44%. The GGE bi-plot anal ysis indicated that the total variation PC (principle component) was 83.09%, and PC1 was accounted as 63.69%, PC2 only 19.40%. The AMMI analysis showed that C11 was quite stable as well as the highest yielder among test genotypes, while C7 and C8 were unstable and low yielding across environ ments. The GGE biplot indicated that it was detect ed in two mega-environments, and the first mega environment covered three environment (E1, E2 and E3), and the second mega-environment covered only E4. The genotypes C11 and C12 remained superior under ME I, while genotypes C1, C3 and C5 were for ME II. Among the genotypes, the gen otype C1 may be recommended to be developed and released as an approved cultivar for being com paratively more stable and the highest yielder. Therefore the AMMI and GGE biplot models have an opportunity to determine the best genotypes under multiple environments considering on adapt ability and stability concentrating on overall per formance for screening superior genotypes.
Durum Buğdayın Başaklanma Dönemine ait Bazı Fizyolojik Ölçümlerin Verim ve Kalite Özellikleriyle İlişkilerinin Belirlenmesi
(2019) Kızılgeçi, Ferhat; Yıldırım, Mehmet
Son yıllarda birçok araştırmacı spektral yansıma aletlerini buğday bitkisinin bazı gelişim dönemlerinde tane verimi ve kalite özellikleri arasındaki ilişkiyi belirlemede yoğun bir şekilde kullanmaktadır. Bu araştırma durum buğday genotiplerinin başaklanma döneminde bazı spektral yansıma aletleri ile ölçülen değerler ile tane verimi ve kalite özellikleri arasındaki ilişkinin belirlenmesi amacıyla 2015-16 ve 2016-17 üretim sezonu boyunca Şırnak ekolojik şartlarında yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada materyal olarak 2 ticari çeşit (Cesare ve Fırat 93) ve 7 adet ileri kademedeki durum buğday genotipi kullanılmıştır. İstatistik analiz sonucuna göre, incelenen özelliklerin yıl, genotip ve yıl x genotip interaksiyonu önemli farklılıklar bulunmuştur. Araştırmada incelenen, tane verimi 393.20-604.45 kg da-1 , bin tane ağırlığı 22.98-47.96 g, hektolitre ağırlığı 75.4-85.8 kg hl-1 , protein içeriği % 14.96- 20.45, yaş gluten % 27.36-47.55, nişasta içeriği %59.3-63.24, irmik rengi (b) değeri 14.65-16.53, klorofil içeriği (SPAD) 45-53.58, bitki örtü sıcaklığı (BÖS) 21.5-27.3, normalize edilmiş vejetasyon farklılıkları indeksi (NDVI) değeri 0.42-0.85 ve yaprak alan indeksi (LAI) değeri 2.85-3.68 değerleri arasında değişim göstermiştir. Makarnalık buğdayın başaklanma döneminde ölçülen fizyolojik ölçümler ile tane verimi ve kalite özellikleri arasındaki ilişkiler yıllara göre farklılık göstermiştir. 2015-16 ve 2016-17 üretim sezonlarında ölçülen SPAD değeri ile protein içeriği ve yaş gluten arasında olumlu ilişkiler bulunması SPAD’ın ıslahta kaliteli genotip geliştirmede seleksiyon kriteri olarak değerlendirilebileceğini ve bu yönde daha kapsamlı araştırmalar yapılması gerektiğini düşündürmektedir.
Evaluation of yield and yield components of some Turkish maize landraces grown in south eastern Anatolia, Turkey by biplot analysis
(2019) Kızılgeçi, Ferhat; Albayrak, Önder; Yıldırım, Mehmet; Akıncı, Cuma; Biçer, Behiye Tuba
Maize has comparatively high genetic diversity. Thus, we evaluated yield and yield traits on 92 maize landraces collected from Black Sea and Marmara Regions of Turkey and investigated three maize hybrids for yield and some morphological traits under Diyarbakir conditions in 2016 growing season. Mean value of plant height varied between 131-270 cm among maize landraces, 62.33-177cm for first ear height, 13.07- 24.70 mm for stalk thickness, 9.04-22 cm for ear length, 10.70-44.16 mm for ear diameter, 7.33-16.80 for row number of ear-1 , 10-44.60 for the number of kernels in row-1 , 16.43-27.46 mm for rachis diameter and 1387-18226.7 kg ha-1 for grain yield. According to our finding of the hybrid and the local maize genotypes, the grain yield, the number of grains in the cob and the weight of the cob, plant height, and number of rows were collected in the single group in the biplot chart. DZM-194-2 and DZM-11 local maize genotypes were found more stable for all investigated traits. DZM-7, DZM 194-2, DZM-11 and DZM-222-4 genotypes shown superiority to other genotypes in terms of grain yield.

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