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Article Citation - WoS: 25Citation - Scopus: 39Developing an Integrated VR Infrastructure in Architectural Design Education(Frontiers in Robotics and AI, 2020) Aydin, Serdar; Aktaş, BegümWith the advent of computer technology, Virtual Reality (VR) became an integral part of design studios in architecture education. Researchers have been exploring how VR-enhanced design studios can be assessed from a student-centered perspective. This paper illustrates the role of teaching architectural design for developing a novel and contextual curriculum based on an analysis of student feedback. The background focuses on the development of VR-based architectural design education. The methodology frames two digital design ecosystems which are experimented in four undergraduate courses. With an ecosystem-based approach discussed in this paper, a medium-oriented and a content-oriented curriculum are offered for testing students’ reaction to teaching design in VR. In both ecosystems, students are engaged with advanced digital design methods and techniques, which include 3D form-finding, building information modeling, visual programming, coding, and real-time rendering. The study screens the usage of software solutions for the creation of complex virtual environments, covering Blender, Rhinoceros, Unity, Grasshopper, and Revit. The implementation of a User Experience Questionnaire (UEQ) comparatively demonstrates the performative qualities of both digital design ecosystems. Results indicate that the intensity of interaction varied in two incomparable, but connate, levels of qualities. The findings suggest that the perspicuity aspects of student interaction bare the risk of “complicated” and “confusing” software. The results further demonstrate a conflict between task-related qualities and non-task related qualities. Additionally, interacting with VR tools in architecture design education is found attractive, stimulating, and original despite low scores on the pragmatic qualities of perspicuity, efficiency, and dependability. The data and results obtained from this study give insight into the planning of design studios in architecture education based on the use of VR and digital methods. Therefore, this study contributes to future research in the contextualization of the design teaching efforts.Article Citation - WoS: 3Citation - Scopus: 3The prognostic value of ORBIT risk score in predicting major bleeding in patients with acute coronary syndrome(ScienceDirect, 2023) Günlü, Serhat; Arpa, Abdulkadir; Kayan, Fethullah; Güzel, Tuncay; Kılıç, Raif; Aktan, Adem; Altintaş, Bernas; Karahan, Mehmet ZülkifBackground: The most significant adverse effect of antithrombotic medication in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is major bleeding, which is related to increased mortality. Studies on ORBIT risk score in predicting major bleeding in ACS patients are limited. Objective: This research aimed to examine whether the ORBIT score calculated at the bedside can identify major bleeding risk in patients with ACS. Methods: This research was retrospective, observational, and conducted at a single center. Analyses of receiver operating characteristics (ROC) were utilized to define the diagnostic value of CRUSADE and ORBIT scores. The predictive performances of the two scores were compared using DeLong's method. Discrimination and reclassification performances were evaluated by the integrated discrimination improvement (IDI), and net reclassification improvement (NRI). Results: The study included 771 patients with ACS. The mean age was 68.7 ± 8.6 years, with 35.3 % females. 31 patients had major bleeding. Twenty-three of these patients were BARC 3 A, five were BARC 3 B, and three were BARC 3 C. Bleeding history [OR (95 % CI), 2.46 (1.02-5.94), p = 0.021], hemoglobin levels [OR (95 % CI), 0.54 (0.45-0.63), p < 0.001], and age > 74 years [OR (95 % CI), 1.03 (1.01-1.06), p = 0.039] were independent predictors of major bleeding. The ORBIT score was an independent predictor of major bleeding in the multivariate analysis: continuous variables [OR (95 % CI), 2.53 (2.61-3.95), p < 0.001] and risk categories [OR (95 % CI), 3.06 (1.69-5.52), p < 0.001]. Comparison of c-indexes for major bleeding events revealed a non-significant difference for the discriminative ability of the two tested scores (p = 0.07) with a continuous NRI of 6.6 % (p = 0.026) and an IDI of 4.2 % (p < 0.001). Conclusion: In ACS patients, the ORBIT score independently predicted major bleeding.Article Citation - WoS: 2The Significance of Frontal Plane QRS-T Angle for Estimating Non-Dipper Hypertension(Cureus, 2022) Evsen, Ali; Karahan, Mehmet ZülkifObjective: The frontal QRS-T angle (fQRS-T) is linked to myocardial ischemia and ventricular arrhythmias. On the other hand, non-dipper hypertension is a risk factor for cardiac adverse events. The objective of this research was to determine whether the fQRS-T, a marker of ventricular heterogeneity, could be used to predict non-dipper hypertensive individuals in the lack of left ventricular hypertrophy. Methods: The observational study was carried out retrospectively. Patients diagnosed with hypertension were included in this study. Blood tests were routinely conducted for all patients. Electrocardiography (ECG) was conducted for each patient and echocardiography was performed. Blood pressure (BP) values were collected from the ambulatory Holter records. According to ambulatory Holter monitoring, the individuals were separated into two groups. The association between fQRS-T and hypertension was investigated. Results: The research involved 123 patients, with an average age of 51.85±8.22 years, comprising 76 women (61.8%) and 47 males (38.2%). According to ambulatory Holter monitoring, patients were separated into dippers (n=65) and non-dippers (n=58). There were no statistically significant in the laboratory and echocardiographic variables (p>0.05). QT dispersion (QTd) and fQRS-T were substantially greater in the non-dipper group than in the dipper group (p=0.043 and p<0.001, respectively). Independent determinants of non-dipper status were determined by univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. fQRS-T was found to be the only independent indicator of non-dipper status (OR: 1.03, 95%CI: 1.02-1.06, p<0.001). Conclusion: The fQRS-T may be a useful marker for estimating non-dipper hypertensive individuals in the lack of left ventricular hypertrophy.Article Citation - WoS: 9Citation - Scopus: 18The cathedral complex at Nisibis(CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS, 2013) Keser Kayaalp, Elif; Erdoğan, NihatThe cathedral complex at Nisibis sits within what is currently a large excavation site. The excavations, continuing on and off over the last 12 years, have yielded exciting discoveries. This article is not a report of the excavations as such, but, in the light of them, it revisits the cathedral complex in an attempt to reconstruct the possible cathedral on the site and to establish the building phases of the only standing structure on the site, known as the 'Church of Mor Yaqub', which was the baptistery of the cathedral.Article Is There a Relationship Between First-Trimester Aneuploidy Screening Serum Biomarker Values and Nuchal Translucency Measurements and the Development of Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP) in Premature Infants?(Springer, 2023) Küçük, Mehmet Fatih; Savaş Hasan Basri; Süren, Elçin; Erol, Muhammet; Yaprak, Lütfiye; Sabancı, ŞenolPurpose The purpose of this study is the evaluation of serum biomarker and nuchal translucency (NT) values measured during first-trimester aneuploidy screening in terms of the development of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in premature infants and investigation of whether the development of ROP is associated with these parameters. Methods In this retrospective cohort study, 3,750 premature infants who underwent ROP screening from 2016 to 2021 were identified from the hospital medical record system. Among 2,130 premature babies screened for first-trimester aneuploidy, 166 babies whose mothers had single pregnancies were screened by the same method and showed the same clinical course in both eyes were included in the study. The infants were divided into two groups according to the presence of ROP, and those with ROP were further evaluated in two groups according to the presence of proliferation. The groups were compared in terms of the serum values of human chorionic gonadotropin and pregnancy-associated plasma protein A, among aneuploidy screening biomarkers, and NT measurements. Results There was no significant difference in the evaluated serum biomarker values and NT measurements between the ROP and non-ROP groups or between the proliferative ROP, non-proliferative ROP, and non-ROP groups. Conclusion Our results showed that first-trimester aneuploidy screening serum biomarker values and NT measurements were not associated with the development of ROP in premature infants.Article Citation - WoS: 17Citation - Scopus: 17Effect of therapeutic touch on daytime sleepiness, stress and fatigue among students of nursing and midwifery: A randomized sham-controlled trial(Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice, 2021) Utli, Hediye; Vural Doğru, Birgül; Şenuzun Aykar, FisunObjectives: This study was conducted to assess the effect of therapeutic touch on stress, daytime sleepiness, sleep quality and fatigue among students of nursing and midwifery. Methods: 96 students were randomized into three groups: the therapeutic touch (TT) group, the sham therapeutic touch (STT) group, and the control group. In this randomized sham-controlled study, the TT group was subjected to therapeutic touch twice a week for four weeks with each session lasting 20 min. Results: When the TT group was compared to the STT and control groups following the intervention, the decrease in the levels of stress (p < 0.001), fatigue (p < 0.001) and daytime sleepiness (p < 0.001), and the increase in the sleep quality (p < 0.001) were found to be significant. Conclusion: It was found that TT, which is one form of complementary therapy, was relatively effective in decreasing the levels of stress, fatigue and daytime sleepiness, and in increasing the sleep quality of university students of nursing and midwifery.Article Citation - WoS: 2Citation - Scopus: 2The Moderating Role of Information Quality in the Relationship Between guides’ Communication Skills and Tour Satisfaction(Routledge, 2023) Arabacıoğlu, Dilan; Dedeoğlu, Bekir BoraThis study aims to determine the moderating effect of the quality of information given by guides on the relationship between guides’ communication skills and tour satisfaction. The data for this study were collected from 300 foreign tourists who participated in guided tours in Nevsehir province, Core Cappadocia, by means of surveys. The partial least squares method was used to test the developed model. According to the analysis results, guides’ communication skills significantly affect tourist tour satisfaction. However, guides’ empathy skills had no significant impact on tourists’ satisfaction with tours. The quality of information given by guides was found to have a moderating role in the relationship between guides’ respect toward tourists and tour satisfaction. On the other hand, information quality had no moderating effect on the relationship between guides’ self-expression skills and tour satisfactionArticle Citation - WoS: 12Citation - Scopus: 14The therapeutic effect of hesperetin on doxorubicin-induced testicular toxicity: Potential roles of the mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase (mTOR) and dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1)(Elsevier, 2022) Tektemur, Ahmet; Kaya Tektemur, Nalan; Erdem Güzel, ElifClinical utilization of doxorubicin (DOX), which is a commonly used chemotherapeutic, is restricted due to toxic effects on various tissues. Using hesperetin (HST), an antioxidant used in Chinese traditional medicine protects testis against DOX-induced toxicity although the molecular mechanisms are not well-known. The study was aimed to examine the possible role of the mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase (mTOR) and dynamin 1-like dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1) in the therapeutic effects of HST on the DOX-induced testicular toxicity. Rats were divided into Control, DOX, DOX + HST, and HST groups (n = 7). Single-dose DOX (15 mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally and HST (50 mg/kg) was administered by oral gavage every other day for 28 days. Total antioxidant status (TAS), histopathological evaluations, immunohistochemistry, and gene expression level detection analyses were performed. Histopathologically, DOX-induced testicular damage was ameliorated by HST treatment. DOX reduced testicular TAS levels and increased oxidative stress markers, 8-Hydroxy-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), and 4-Hydroxynonenal (4-HNE). Also, upregulated mTOR and DRP1 expressions with DOX exposure were decreased after HST treatment in the testis (p < 0.05). On the other hand, DOX-administration downregulated miR-150-5p and miR-181b-2-3p miRNAs, targeting mTOR and mRNA levels of beclin 1 (BECN1) and autophagy-related 5 (ATG5), autophagic markers. Furthermore, these levels were nearly similar to control testis samples in the DOX + HST group (p < 0.05). The study demonstrated that HST may have a therapeutic effect on DOX-induced testicular toxicity by removing reactive oxygen species (ROS) and by modulating the mTOR and DRP1 expressions, which have a critical role in regulating the balance of generation/elimination of ROS.Article Citation - WoS: 21Citation - Scopus: 21Mathematical model and a variable neighborhood search algorithm for mixed-model robotic two-sided assembly line balancing problems with sequence-dependent setup times(SpringerLink, 2022) Aslan, ŞehmusHuman labor is generally being replaced with robots for high automation, increased fexibility, and reduced costs in modern industry. Few studies consider the sequencedependent setup times in the assembly line balancing literature. However, it should not be overlooked in a real-life setting. This article presents a new mathematical model and variable neighborhood search (VNS) algorithm for mixed-model robotic two-sided assembly line balancing, with the aim of minimizing the cycle time by considering the sequence-dependent setup times. The efectiveness of the proposed VNS is tested with a set of test problems from the literature. The computational results and statistical analysis indicate that the proposed method yields promising results.Article Citation - WoS: 1From sacrificing sister to star sister: the history of queer celebrity in Turkey(Taylor & Francis Online, 2022) Duyan, YektanurşinThis article investigates the relationship between celebrity and queerness in Turkey by examining the social media celebrities Kerimcan Durmaz, Selin Ciğerci, and Murat Övüç. Although they resemble lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) celebrities from earlier periods, queer Turkish celebrities on digital platforms like Instagram can enrich our understanding of general changes to queer celebrity in modern Turkey. While the secular nature of the Turkish Republic is revered by many, Islam is often regarded as the essence of Turkish culture. In this context, queerness is stringently repressed by religiously informed national norms, with the stage representing the sole avenue for tacitly accepted queer expression.1 For this reason, most queer artists make use of Islamic discourse. For example, they emphasise their Muslim identity and make frequent references to Allah in conversations, interviews, performances, and songs. In essence, they emphasise that they are Muslims in all circumstances and under all conditions. Any attempt to analyse and understand queer celebrity and conservative discourse in Turkey calls for a reflection on Islam and secularism. Examining these connections will be the task of this studyArticle Citation - WoS: 7Citation - Scopus: 8Length estimation of Atlantic bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus) using vertebrae(Wiley, 2022) Andrews, Adam J.; Mylona, Dimitra; Rivera-Charún, Lucia; Winter, Rachel; Onar, Vedat; Sıddıq, Abu Bakar; Tinti, Fausto; Morales-Muniz, ArturoAtlantic bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus; BFT) is a large (up to 3.3 m in length) pelagic predator which has been exploited throughout the eastern Atlantic and Mediterranean since prehistoric times, as attested by its archeological remains. One key insight derivable from these remains is body size, which can indicate past fishing abilities, the impact of fishing, and past migration behavior. Despite this, there exists no reliable method to estimate the size of BFT found in archeological sites. Here, 13 modern Thunnus spp. skeletons were studied to provide power regression equations that estimate body length from vertebra dimensions. In modern specimens, the majority of BFT vertebrae can be differentiated by their morphological features, and thus, individual regression equations can be applied for each rank (position in vertebral column). In an archeological context, poor preservation may limit one's ability to identify rank; hence, “types” of vertebrae were defined, which enable length estimates when rank cannot be determined. At least one vertebra dimension, height, width, or length correlated highly with body length when vertebrae were ranked (R2 > 0.97) or identified to types (R2 > 0.98). Whether using rank or type, length estimates appear accurate to approximately ±10%. Finally, the method was applied to a sample of Roman-era BFT vertebrae to demonstrate its potential. It is acknowledged that further studies with larger sample sizes would provide more precision in BFT length estimates.Article Citation - WoS: 12Citation - Scopus: 9Separability between own food production and consumption in Turkey(SPRINGER, 2012) Tekgüç, HasanComplete markets imply the separation of food production and consumption decisions such that they can be modeled to occur sequentially and can be studied independently. Separation is very often assumed implicitly in empirical studies of food demand. If there is such separation, then food sourced within the household should not have any influence upon the budget share of each food group. Using this insight, this paper first develops a procedure to test for the separation of household food production and consumption decisions. Furthermore, it incorporates the testing procedure into the Almost Ideal Demand Systems model and utilizes survey data from 2003 for Turkey for empirical testing. It concludes that the separation assumption is unwarranted for Turkey. Next, it investigates the extent of bias in elasticity estimates when the separation assumption is unwarranted. It concludes that ignoring the nonseparation of consumption and production decisions in rural areas leads to significant overestimation of food expenditure elasticity for dairy products and eggs and own-price elasticity for bread and cereals.Article Citation - WoS: 14Citation - Scopus: 16Comparison of the Breastfeeding Practices of Refugee Syrian Mothers and Native Turkish Mothers(Mary Ann Liebert, Inc, 2020) Ertem, Meliksah; Cifci, Sema; Deger, Vasfiye BayramBackground: The World Health Organization recommends that babies be breastfed within the first hour of delivery and that they should exclusively be given breast milk in the first 6 months. The aim of this study was to ascertain the breastfeeding behaviors of refugee Syrian women and to compare their practices with those of the native mothers of the local community. Materials and Methods: This study is a cross-sectional study. The study was conducted in a Southern city in Turkey. The questionnaire was filled by face-to-face interviews. A total of 381 refugee Syrian mothers were compared with 381 native women living in the same community. Results: A significant difference was found between the two groups regarding breastfeeding. The rate of those who initiated breastfeeding within 1 hour after delivery was 61.4% for the Syrians and 71.1% for the Turkish mothers. In addition, the rates of exclusive breastfeeding (28.1 versus 34.1) and continuing breastfeeding for 12 months (55.0 versus 63.8) were lower in the Syrian refugee mothers. Maternal age and educational level were not correlated to the breastfeeding rates. Conclusions: This study is a rare study in which refugee mothers and local mothers were compared. Forced migration and refugee status are negatively associated with breastfeeding behavior.Article Citation - WoS: 3Citation - Scopus: 6Chronic effects of maternal tobacco-smoke exposure and/or α-lipoic acid treatment on reproductive parameters in female rat offspring(Taylor & Francis Online, 2020) Erdem Güzel, Elif; Nalan Kaya, Ahmet Tektemur, Nazife Ulker, Ahmet Yardimci, Ramazan Fazil Akkoc, Sinan Canpolat & Ibrahim EnverPrenatal tobacco-smoke exposure negatively affects the reproductive functions of female offspring and oxidative stress plays a major role at this point. Alpha-lipoic acid (ALA), well known as a biological antioxidant, has been used as a nutritional supplement and as a therapeutic agent in the treatment of certain complications during pregnancy. We aimed to investigate the effects of maternal tobacco-smoke exposure and/or ALA administration on puberty onset, sexual behavior, gonadotrophin levels, apoptosis-related genes, apoptotic cell numbers and oxidative stress markers in the adult female rat offspring. Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups; control, tobacco smoke (TS), TS+ALA and ALA groups. Animals were exposed to TS and/or ALA for 8 weeks before pregnancy and throughout pregnancy. All treatments ended with birth and later newborn female rats were selected for each experimental group. The experiment ended at postnatal day 74-77. Maternal tobacco smoke advanced the onset of puberty in the female offspring of the TS group (p < 0.05). In all treatment groups; the mean number of anogenital investigations and lordosis quality scores showed a decline, serum luteinizing hormone levels significantly increased (p < 0.05) and several histopathological changes in ovaries were observed compared to the control group. In addition, an increase in apoptotic marker levels and apoptotic cell numbers was detected in the ovaries of all treatment groups. Decreased TAS and increased TOS levels were detected in all treatment groups compared to control. These findings suggested that maternal tobacco smoke and/or ALA administration may be leading to the impaired reproductive health of female offspring. Abbreviations: ALA: alpha-lipoic acid; LH: luteinizing hormone; FSH: follicle-stimulating hormone; TAS: total antioxidant status; TOS: total oxidant status; Apaf1: apoptotic protease-activating factor 1; Casp3: caspase 3; Casp9: caspase 9; CF: cyst follicles; 4-HNE: 4-Hidroxynonenal; 8-OHdG: 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine; TUNEL: terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine-biotin nick end labeling; ROS: reactive oxygen species; GnRHR: gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor; HPG: hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal; AMPK: AMP-activated protein kinase; ELISA: enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; cDNA: complementary DNA; qPCR: quantitative real-time PCR; FC: follicular cysts; PF: primary follicle; SF: secondary follicle; GF: graafian follicle; CL: corpus luteum; DF: degenerated follicle; AF: atretic follicle.Article Citation - WoS: 4Citation - Scopus: 4A text of Shalmaneser I from Üçtepe and the location of Šinamu(Anatolian Studies, 2022) Genç, Bülent; Macginnis, JohnThis article presents a newly discovered cuneiform text from the site of üçtepe in Diyarbaklr province in southeastern Turkey. The text bears a previously unknown inscription of the Assyrian king Shalmaneser I. While incomplete, it never-theless gives the most extensive lists of the conquests of Shalmaneser I yet known, including a number of previously unattested toponyms. This is in itself an important contribution to the historical documentation of the Middle Assyrian period. Furthermore, the fact that the text was written to record Shalmaneser's rebuilding of the city wall of Sinamu allows us to propose that üçtepe is to be identified with the site of ancient Šinamu, known to have been an important centre from the late third millennium BC and subsequently a regional capital in the provincial system of the Middle Assyrian empire. This is a significant advance on our previous understanding of the historical geography of the region. These issues are discussed in the context of the Middle Assyrian occupation of the Upper Tigris and the results of the archaeological exploration of recent decades.Article Citation - WoS: 18Citation - Scopus: 19Evaluation of fatty acids, free fatty acids and textural properties of butter and sadeyag (anhydrous butter fat) produced from ovine and bovine cream and yoghurt(ScienceDirect, 2022) Karakuş, Mehmet Şükrü; Yıldız Akgül, Filiz; Korkmaz, Aziz; Atasoy, Ahmet FeritFatty acids (FAs), free fatty acids (FFAs) and textural characteristics were determined in butter and sadeyag (anhydrous butter fat) manufactured from ovine and bovine cream and yoghurt. The samples made from cream and yoghurt had similar FA and FFA profiles and textural properties. Ovine milk fat products had higher short- and medium-chain saturated fatty acid (SFA) content, while samples made with bovine milk fat had higher long-chain SFA content. Ovine milk fat samples contained higher levels of capric, myristic, stearic and oleic acids and lower levels of butyric and caproic acids than bovine milk samples. Bovine milk fat products had firmer and poorer spreadability, and lower adhesiveness than ovine milk fat products. Polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) content of butter was higher than that of sadeyag. Sadeyag was firmer and less spreadable than butter. Textural characteristics of the milk fat products depended on the FA composition of the samples.Article Citation - WoS: 1Citation - Scopus: 1Evaluation of contraceptive intentions among pregnant women in the third trimester: A cross-sectional study(Wolters Kluwer, 2024) Yeşil, Yeşim; Dönmez, AyşegülThis study aims to determine contraceptive intentions of pregnant women in the third trimester. This cross-sectional study was conducted at a training and research hospital in Mardin province between March 2023 and May 2023. In total, 253 pregnant women who had the ability to communicate in Turkish and agreed to participate were included in the study. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews using a survey and the Contraceptive Intent Questionnaire (CIQ). The average age of the participants was 28.87 ± 5.35 with 30.8% of them holding a secondary school degree. It was found that there was a statistically significant difference in terms of CIQ score between categories of the following descriptive variables: education level, husband's/partner's education level, fertility plan, receiving family planning counseling during pregnancy, and paying for the contraceptive methods used (P = .046, P = .013, P < .001, P = .008, and P < .001 respectively). It was determined that pregnant women who had not received family planning counseling during pregnancy and paid for the contraceptive method had higher contraception intention.Article Citation - WoS: 1Citation - Scopus: 1Lower palatine developmental instability in hybrid Old World camelids(2020) Parés-Casanova, Pere M.; Sıddıq, Abu Bakar; Morilla-Gorgot, Cristina; Onar, VedatObjective: In this research study, we explore the fluctuating asymmetry (FA) of palate Camelus hybrids and their parental species (dromedary and Bactrian). Materials and methods: We studied a sample of pictures from 27 adult skulls of pure Camelus dromedarius (n = 13), Camelus bactrianus (n = 7), and their crosses (n = 7), from two different collections. A set of 11 semilandmarks was located on the palatal region and was studied by means of geometric morphometric methods. The asymmetric variation was analyzed and evaluated for allometric effects, and variation among these three groups was studied using a canonical variates analysis. Results: Among hybrids, there appeared a significantly lower amount of FA in comparison to the parental species, which may reflect the lower levels of genetic stress and higher levels of directional asymmetry, which may suggest the presence of strongly transgressive mastication compared to pure species. Conclusion: Camel hybrids would present increased developmental stability and better adaptation over those of parenteral lines.Article Citation - WoS: 2Lake Van Basin Urartian Period Road Routes Survey: First Preliminary Report (2017-2018): Muradiye And Tuşba Districts(Ege Univ, 2021) Gokce, Bilcan; Kuvanc, Rifat; Genc, BulentFor about two-hundred-fifty years between the mid-9th - early 6th centuries BC, the Urartian Kingdom established its hegemony in Eastern Anatolia and the neighboring regions of Northwestern Iran, Nakhchivan, and Armenia, as the most influential political, military, and economic power of its time. Despite the rugged geography and rough climatic conditions of this mountainous terrain, the Urartu thrived by developing a centralized administrative state apparatus. Urartu excelled in many areas of state-building, including road networks. Particularly textual sources and supporting archaeological evidence demonstrate the importance of road networks for the Urartian state. Surveys in Tushba and Muradiye districts have allowed us to identify the main route of the northern capital road, which continues north and reaches Muradiye Plain, and an alternative northern route that follows the Karasu Stream valley towards Muradiye Plain. An eastern route, which enabled the kingdom to exert control in Northwestern Iran, goes through Ozalp district of Van province across the modern border to Iran and reaches Hoy and Salmas. These alternative and auxiliary routes along deep canyons that developed over time suggest that the Urartian state had established an intricate security web in its dominion.Article Citation - WoS: 63Citation - Scopus: 85A conceptual study of the strategic role of gastronomy in tourism destinations(International Journal of Gastronomy and Food Science, 2020) Seyitoğlu, Faruk; Ivanov, StanislavThe present study discusses the strategic role of gastronomy in destinations from the perspective of three theoretical foundations of strategic management, namely Resource-Based View (RBV), Emergent Strategy (ES), and Positioning Strategy (PS). Several concepts from the field of gastronomy are used, such as gastronomic identity, tourist behaviours (motivation, experience, consumption), a sense of place, and food image. Utilizing this multi-disciplinary literature, the present study provides an integrative review and develops a model explaining the strategic role of gastronomy in tourism destinations consisting of three main components (the source, process, and form of a strategy). According to the suggested model, gastronomic identity is considered a strategic resource for destinations. Depending on the gastronomic identity, a differentiation strategy can be formed in a destination that involves the presentation of gastronomic products developed and offered by discoverers (entrepreneurs, researchers, and tourists) to the relevant markets. This strategy is the result of an emergent, rather than deliberate, strategic process. However, when destination managers and stakeholders realize that a gastronomy-based strategy has emerged, such a strategy can also be transformed into a deliberate strategy. The predictions of the model are supported by the conceptual and empirical findings of earlier studies.
