PubMed İndeksli Yayınlar Koleksiyonu

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12514/3597

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Acoustic-Based Fault Diagnosis of Electric Motors Using Mel Spectrograms and Convolutional Neural Networks
(Nature Portfolio, 2025) Uzel, Hasan; Ozupak, Yildirim; Alpsalaz, Feyyaz; Aslan, Emrah; Zaitsev, Ievgen
This study presents a comprehensive deep learning framework for diagnosing acoustic faults in electric motors. The framework uses Mel spectrograms and a lightweight convolutional neural network (CNN). The method classifies three motor states, engine_good, engine_broken, and engine_heavyload, based on audio recordings from the IDMT-ISA-ELECTRIC-ENGINE dataset. To prevent data leakage and ensure a robust evaluation, the study employed file-level splitting, session separation, 5-fold cross-validation, and repeated trials. The raw audio signals were transformed into Mel spectrograms and processed through a CNN architecture that integrates convolutional, pooling, normalization, and dropout layers. Quantitative metrics, including THD, spectral entropy, and SNR, further characterize the acoustic distinctions between motor states. The proposed model achieved a test accuracy of 99.7%, outperforming or matching state-of-the-art approaches, such as ResNet-18, CRNN, and Transformer classifiers, as well as traditional MFCC-based baselines. Noise robustness and sensitivity analyses demonstrated stable performance under varying SNR conditions and preprocessing settings. Feature-importance maps revealed that low-frequency regions (0-40 Mel bins) were key discriminative components linked to physical fault mechanisms. Computational evaluation confirmed the model's real-time feasibility on embedded hardware with low latency and a modest parameter count. Though primarily validated on one motor type, external-domain testing revealed strong adaptability. Future work may incorporate transfer learning or multimodal fusion. Overall, the proposed framework provides a highly accurate, interpretable, and efficient solution for real-time motor fault diagnosis and predictive maintenance in industrial environments.
Associations of Dietary Omega-3 and Omega-6 Fatty Acids, Obesity, and Psychological Stress With Fatigue in Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study
(MDPI, 2026) Selen, Halime; Atabek, Beste; Gegez, Berfin; Sag, Aysenur; Gulbahar, Burcu Nur; Dogdu, Ibrahim Ethem; Akgun, Metin
Background/Aim: Fatigue is a common symptom in individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and is associated with reduced quality of life. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationships between dietary omega-3 (n-3) and omega-6 (n-6) fatty acid intake, obesity, and stress with fatigue in patients with COPD. Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted between 1 February and 31 July 2025, in the pulmonary outpatient clinics of A & gbreve;r & imath; Training and Research Hospital in A & gbreve;r & imath; and Atat & uuml;rk University Research Hospital in Erzurum, T & uuml;rkiye. Study data were collected using a General Information Questionnaire, the COPD and Asthma Fatigue Scale (CAFS), the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), and an Adult Semi-Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire. Higher CAFS scores indicate greater fatigue severity, while higher PSS scores reflect higher perceived stress. Results: CAFS scores correlated strongly with perceived stress (r = 0.718, p < 0.001) and moderately with COPD exacerbation frequency (r = 0.426, p < 0.001). Although higher n-3 intake was inversely associated with fatigue in univariate analyses, this association weakened after adjustment, suggesting that fatty acid composition was not an independent determinant of fatigue. The n-6/n-3 ratio showed a weak positive correlation with fatigue (r = 0.184, p = 0.024). Female reported higher fatigue levels than male (mean [SD], 60.2 [19.3] vs. 51.9 [19.8]; p = 0.042), and patients with comorbid conditions had higher fatigue scores than those without comorbidities (58.1 [18.3] vs. 46.8 [19.4]; p = 0.001). Smoking status was not significantly associated with fatigue (p = 0.788). In backward multiple linear regression analysis, perceived stress emerged as the strongest independent predictor of fatigue (beta = 0.519, p < 0.001). Comorbidity presence (beta = 0.206, p = 0.030) and smoking status (beta = 0.178, p = 0.026) were also significant, while exacerbation frequency (p = 0.062) and female (p = 0.053) showed borderline associations. Conclusions: These findings indicate that fatigue in COPD is primarily influenced by psychosocial stress and multimorbidity, highlighting the importance of integrative management approaches that address mental health burden and comorbid conditions alongside respiratory treatment.
GC–MS and LC–MS/MS-Based Phytochemical Profiling and Bioactivities of Salvia Montbretii and S. Hydrangea: Antioxidant, Cytotoxic and Enzyme Inhibitory Potential
(John Wiley and Sons Ltd, 2026) Kolak, U.; Cavusoglu, M.; Akdeniz, M.; Yener, I.; Yılmaz, P.; Fırat, M.; Ertaş, A.
Salvia species are valuable natural resources due to their rich essential oils and bioactive compounds with applications in medicine, food, and cosmetics. In this study, essential oils and aroma components of S. montbretii and S. hydrangea were analyzed using GC–MS/FID and headspace GC–MS. Terpenoids were identified by GC–MS, while phenolic and flavonoid compounds were quantified by LC–MS/MS. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents, antioxidant capacities, and enzyme inhibitory activities were also evaluated. Caryophyllene was the dominant compound in S. montbretii essential oil and aroma samples, and camphor in S. hydrangea. GC–MS results indicated high levels of ursolic (54,675.22–1583.23 μg/g) and oleanolic acids (100,567.85–2592.11 μg/g), while LC–MS/MS revealed abundant rosmarinic acid (up to 27,0857–587.85 μg/g). All extracts exhibited moderate to strong antioxidant activities and notable inhibitory effects against urease and cholinesterase. Cytotoxic effects were observed on colon (Caco-2) and ovarian (SkOV3) cancer cell lines, along with toxicity in healthy cells (PDF). In conclusion, S. montbretii and S. hydrangea may serve as potential natural sources for pharmaceutical and cosmetic applications; however, detailed safety and dosage assessments are required prior to practical use due to the observed cytotoxic effects. © 2026 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Short-Term Inspiratory Muscle Training Enhances Functional and Metabolic Health in Older Adults
(Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 2026) Konca, E.; Yılmaz, C.; Bayrakdaroğlu, S.; Ceylan, H.İ.; Arslan, A.; Ocak, H.; Raul Ioan, R.I.
Background: Age-related declines in respiratory muscle strength and ventilatory efficiency can impair functional capacity and metabolic health in older adults. Inspiratory muscle training (IMT) has been proposed as a practical intervention to counteract these changes, yet its systemic effects remain unclear. This study aimed to examine the effects of short-term IMT on functional capacity, diaphragm thickness, and liver tissue characteristics in healthy elderly men. Methods: Thirty community-dwelling men aged 60–80 years were randomly assigned to an IMT or control group. The IMT group performed four weeks of breathing exercises using a POWERbreathe® device at 40% of maximal inspiratory pressure, with a weekly 10% increase in pressure. Pre- and post-intervention assessments included the six-minute walk test (6MWT), diaphragm thickness and liver density via computed tomography, and quality of life (QoL; SF-12). Results: Four weeks of inspiratory muscle training significantly improved diaphragm thickness (11.7%), fatty liver density (FLD) (+16.7%), and six-minute walk performance (+5.3%), with large time × group effects favoring the IMT group. While the physical quality of life showed modest, comparable improvements, mental health outcomes demonstrated a moderate, time-dependent improvement without a significant group-by-time interaction. Conclusions: Short-term IMT improved diaphragmatic function and functional capacity in older men and was associated with favorable changes in a liver-related biomarker; however, given that only a single liver-related metric was assessed, these findings should not be interpreted as evidence of overall improvements in liver health. © 2026 by the authors.
Corrosion Inhibition Mechanism and Stability of Quinic Acid as a Green Corrosion Inhibitor on Mild Steel
(Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH, 2026) Doslu, Serap Toprak; Ercan, Leyla
Although corrosion prevention methods have been studied for many years, they still maintain their relevance and popularity. Today's metal protection methods are desired to be cheap, easy to use, permanent, and effective, as well as environmentally friendly. Organic-based inhibitors are preferred due to their effectiveness and environmental benefits. Among these, organic acids, such as quinic acid, are particularly valued for their corrosion inhibition properties. Quinic acid, an organic acid found in various plants, serves as an effective corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in 0.5 M HCl solutions. This study evaluates its corrosion inhibition efficiency and stability under different storage conditions. Electrochemical techniques, including electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and polarization curve analysis, are employed to assess the inhibition performance. Surface characterization is conducted using scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and contact angle measurements. Additionally, density functional theory analysis is performed to elucidate the molecular interactions of quinic acid. Experimental results demonstrate that quinic acid, at a concentration of 80 ppm in 0.5 M HCl, achieves a corrosion inhibition efficiency of 92% and maintains stability for up to 144 h. Environmentally friendly quinic acid has a high potential for use as inhibitors of mild steel corrosion.
Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles From Elaeagnus Angustifolia Extract: Characterization and Evaluation of Antibacterial and Cytotoxic Properties
(Springer, 2026) Baran, Ayse; Ghorbanzadeh, Vajihe; Dogan, Yusuf; Ahmadian, Elham; Zulfugarova, Parvin; Mohamed, Ali Jimale
BackgroundCurrent medical problems are complex and require a new approach. Nanomaterials can address these complications. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), in particular green-synthetized particles, because of their unique properties have attract the attention of scientist. The objective of this work deals with using Elaeagnus angustifolia (EA) leaf extract as a reducing agent for biofabrication of AgNPs and investigation of its antibacterial and anti-cancer properties.MethodUV-Visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Scanning-Transmission Electron Microscope (STEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) techniques were used for characterization of the biosynthesized AgNPs. Antimicrobial efficacy was measured through disk diffusion and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) methods, while cytotoxic effects on PC-3 cancer cells were evaluated using the MTT assay.ResultThe biosynthesized AgNPs exhibited a strong surface plasmon resonance peak at approximately 441 nm, confirming successful synthesis. XRD analysis indicated a face-centered cubic structure, with crystallite sizes 27.04 nm. Antibacterial tests revealed significant activity against E. coli and K. pneumoniae, with AgNPs demonstrating comparable efficacy to standard antibiotics. In particular, AgNPs demonstrated successful activity on E. coli with an MIC value of 113.24 +/- 14.36 and an inhibition zone of 24.32 +/- 1.25 mm, comparable to standard antibiotics Furthermore, the AgNPs displayed notable cytotoxic effects on PC-3 cells, with an IC50 value of 58.77 mu g/mL.ConclusionThe results explore the potential of leaf extract of Elaeagnus angustifolia as an effective agent for the green synthesis of AgNPs that have significant antibacterial properties. This study supports the application of green synthesis in medical therapies.
Exercise, Addiction and Motivation: the Development of a Motivation Scale in Extreme Sports as a Sport of Challenge with Nature
(Frontiers Media S.A., 2025) Karakulak, Izzet; Yavas, Ozge; Bora, Mehmet Veysi; Eyuboglu, Ender; Aslan, Cem Sinan; Aydemir, Ahmet; Sahin, Fatma Nese
In the extant literature, the concepts of motivation and addiction have been employed to elucidate how a considerable number of unpleasant experiences for extreme sports participants can eventually become rewarding. The objective of this study was to develop a scale to measure the behavioral addiction levels of extreme sports athletes. A plethora of addiction and motivation scales (MS) exists; however, none of them are measurement tools that can assess emotional responses and simultaneously address motivation and addiction. Moreover, they are not specific to extreme sports participants. The present study comprised 1,073 participants engaged in extreme sports and incorporated psychometric analyses encompassing a literature review, expert review, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. The MS factor structure was determined using the Principal Axis Factoring (PAF) method. The analysis yielded a three-factor structure comprising 16 items, accounting for 63.00% of the total variance. In order to validate the structure, first- and second-order factor analysis was performed. The fit indices obtained at both levels were consistent with the acceptable limits specified in the literature. In the final results, 16 items related to three factors, namely "hedonic deprivation," "tolerance," and "hedonic opposition," were validated. Furthermore, the AVE, CR, and root AVE values were calculated. The analysis results indicated that each sub-dimension in the measurement model exhibited a distinct structure and fulfilled the established validity criteria. Cronbach's Alpha and Split-Half coefficients were calculated to ascertain the reliability of the measurement. The floor and ceiling effects of the MS were also examined. Finally, ROC analysis was employed to evaluate the measurement tool. The findings of this research indicate that the MS, which has been developed and comprises 16 items and a three-factor structure, is a valid and reliable instrument capable of simultaneously addressing motivation and addiction in the context of extreme sports. The scale is of significance as it is the inaugural quantitative measurement tool with the capacity to assess addiction. In conclusion, the MS provides a novel, theory-based contribution to the literature by integrating motivation and behavioral addiction within a single, psychometrically validated framework specific to extreme sports.
Optimized ANN-RF Hybrid Model With Optuna for Fault Detection and Classification in Power Transmission Systems
(Nature Portfolio, 2025) Uzel, Hasan; Ozupak, Yildirim; Alpsalaz, Feyyaz; Aslan, Emrah
This study proposes a hybrid machine learning approach that integrates Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) and Random Forest (RF) classifiers, enhanced by Optuna hyperparameter optimization, for fault detection and classification in power transmission networks. The model is trained on a synthetic dataset generated from MATLAB/Simulink simulations of an 11 kV multi-generator system, incorporating three-phase current (Ia, Ib, Ic) and voltage (Va, Vb, Vc) signals under fault scenarios such as line-to-ground (LG), double line-to-ground (LLG), and three-phase symmetrical (LLLG) faults. To address class imbalance, the Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique (SMOTE) is applied, ensuring balanced representation of rare fault categories. The ANN-RF model achieves superior performance, with 99.8% accuracy, 99.5% precision, and 99.4% recall, consistently outperforming traditional classifiers including K-Nearest Neighbors, Bagging, AdaBoost, and Gradient Boosting. Its effectiveness arises from ANN's non-linear feature extraction, RF's ensemble robustness, and Optuna's hyperparameter tuning, with SMOTE improving detection of rare fault types. Compared with advanced models such as Modified InceptionV3 (98.93% accuracy) and Extreme Learning Machines (99.60% accuracy), the proposed approach provides a balanced trade-off between sensitivity and specificity, offering a reliable solution for fault identification. Nonetheless, challenges in computational efficiency and reliance on simulated data highlight the need for validation with real-world measurements and further optimization for real-time smart grid applications.
Effects of Carvacrol on Oxidative Stress and Fibrosis in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Nephropathy: Histological, Gene Expression, and Biochemical Insights
(MDPI, 2025) Canbaz, Halime Tuba; Sozen, Mehmet Enes; Cinar Ayan, Ilknur; Savas, Hasan Basri; Canbaz, Furkan Adem; Cuce, Gokhan; Kalkan, Serpil
Diabetes mellitus (DM) leads to renal damage through oxidative stress. Carvacrol (CAR), a monoterpenoid phenol, possesses anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. We investigated the potential effects of CAR on histological, gene expression, and biochemical parameters in a rat model of DM. Four groups were created: group 1, control; group 2 (n = 9), DM; group 3 (n = 9), DM + dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO); and group 4 (n = 9), DM + CAR. DM was created by injecting streptozotocin (STZ). CAR (20 mg/kg) was prepared through dissolution in 0.1% DMSO. CAR and 0.1% DMSO were administered daily for 4 weeks to groups 4 and 3, respectively. At the end of this study, urea, creatinine, paraoxonase-1 (PON-1), and arylesterase (ARES) were measured in serum samples. Histopathological changes and expression of Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf-2) in renal tissues were assessed. Immunohistochemical(ihc) staining and RT-qPCR analysis were performed to evaluate apoptosis, focusing on Bax and Bcl-2gene expression. Masson's trichrome(MT) staining and RT-qPCR analysis of COL1A1 and COL3A1 mRNA levels were used to assess fibrosis. Increased urea and creatinine levels in DM were significantly decreased after CAR administration. CAR application also improved reduced levels of PON 1 and ARES, which are associated with diabetes. Both immunohistochemistry and RT-qPCR analyses revealed that CAR therapy mitigated the diabetes-induced elevation in Bax and reduction in Bcl-2 expression. CAR treatment improved histopathological findings and renal Nrf-2 immunofluorescence(if) intensity. Furthermore, gene expression analysis demonstrated that COL1A1 and COL3A1 were upregulated in DM, while CAR administration downregulated them. In conclusion, CAR has a protective role in decreasing renal impairment linked to DM by regulating Bax and Bcl-2 levels and rectifying histological damage.
Varying Doses of Evening Caffeine Ingestion Have Different Effects on Rowing Ergometer Performance, Sleep Quality, and Wakefulness Scores
(Frontiers Media SA, 2025) Karakulak, Izzet; Yildirim, Ulas Can; Erkan, Dilara; Karayigit, Raci; Eyuboglu, Ender; Diedhiou, Azize Bingol; Akca, Firat
Introduction: This study investigated the dose-dependent effects of evening caffeine ingestion on rowing performance, sleep quality, and daytime sleepiness in trained male rowers. Methods: Using a double-blind, randomized, crossover design, 13 university-level rowers (mean age = 22.07 +/- 2.21 years; mean body mass = 77.66 +/- 6.45 kg) completed four 2,000 m time-trial sessions between 19:00 and 20:00 h under placebo (PLA), low-dose capsule caffeine (3 mg/kg, LDC), moderate-dose capsule caffeine (6 mg/kg, MDC), and high-dose capsule caffeine (9 mg/kg, HDC) conditions. Performance metrics, heart rate, and subjective sleep assessments were collected. Rowing performance was assessed by a standard 2,000 m rowing ergometer (Concept II, United States) time trial. Sleep quality was measured with a numerical rating scale in the morning after each trial, and daytime sleepiness was measured with the Karolinska Sleepiness Scale. Results: Results indicated significantly improved rowing times and power output with HDC and MDC compared to PLA (p < 0.05), with HDC yielding the most notable enhancements (d = 0.40-0.41). However, these ergogenic benefits were accompanied by significantly impaired sleep quality and elevated daytime sleepiness in both HDC and MDC groups (p < 0.01; d = 1.3-1.5). Notably, adverse effects such as headache, insomnia, and gastrointestinal discomfort were predominantly reported in the HDC condition (p < 0.05). Although LDC offered mild performance improvements with minimal sleep disruption, only the high dose condition exhibited large physiological and perceptual trade-offs. Discussion: These findings indicate a clear dose-response relationship, wherein higher evening caffeine intake improves performance but has detrimental effects on sleep and recovery markers. Coaches and athletes should carefully balance caffeine dosing against potential recovery costs, especially in evening training or competition contexts.
The Relationship Between the CHA2DS2-VASc Score and Lesion Complexity and Long-Term Outcomes in Peripheral Arterial Disease
(Kare Publ, 2025) Evsen, Ali; Aktan, Adem; Kilic, Raif; Guzel, Tuncay; Ozbek, Mehmet
Objective: Originally designed to evaluate stroke risk in individuals with atrial fibrillation unrelated to valvular disease, the CHA(2)DS(2)-VASc score (Congestive heart failure, Hypertension, Vascular disease, Age >= 74 years, and Sex category - female) is now additionally utilized for the prognostic evaluation of cardiovascular diseases. This study aimed to evaluate the predictive role of the CHA(2)DS(2)-VASc score for lesion severity and long-term survival outcomes in individuals with peripheral artery disease (PAD). Method: This retrospective analysis included 784 patients diagnosed with PAD via computed tomography (CT) angiography, consecutively enrolled from two medical centers. The CHA(2)DS(2)VASc score was determined for all participants. Lesion severity was assessed according to the TASC II (Trans-Atlantic Inter-Society Consensus II) criteria, and patients were categorized into TASC-AB (simple) and TASC-CD (complex) lesion groups. Mortality data were obtained from hospital and social security records. Results: The study included 784 patients (average age: 61.7 +/- 9.9 years; 17.2% female). In the regression analysis performed to predict lesion severity, we found that the CHA(2)DS(2)-VASc score (P < 0.007) and left ventricular ejection fraction (P = 0.009) were independent predictors. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve indicated that a CHA(2)DS(2)-VASc score threshold of 3.5 predicted long-term mortality with 70% sensitivity and 79% specificity (P < 0.001). Kaplan-Meier survival estimates indicated that patients with higher CHA(2)DS(2)-VASc scores had significantly lower survival rates over the 60-month follow-up period (P < 0.001). Conclusion: The CHA(2)DS(2)-VASc score was independently associated with both lesion severity and adverse long-term outcomes in individuals with PAD.
Performing Womanhood in Schools: A Feminist Phenomenological Investigation of Female Teachers' Psycho-Social Health Experiences and Implications for Educational Leadership in Turkey
(Frontiers Media SA, 2025) Is, Engin
This study employs a feminist phenomenological approach to examine the psycho-social health experiences of female teachers in Turkey as they navigate the demands of professional and domestic life. Drawing on semi-structured interviews with 28 teachers across different school levels, the study explores how participants internalize, negotiate, and perform socially constructed gender roles in both public (school) and private (home) spheres. Thematic analysis identified key challenges, including role conflict, emotional labor, burnout, and guilt, all shaped by dominant gender norms and structural inequalities. Grounded in feminist theories-gender performativity (Butler), hegemonic masculinity (Connell), and intersectionality (Crenshaw)-the study demonstrates the embodied impacts of gendered oppression on women's mental health. Participants' coping strategies, including resilience and social support, are interpreted as both survival mechanisms and subtle forms of resistance. The findings underscore the urgent need for gender-sensitive institutional policies, flexible working arrangements, and psychosocial support programs to promote teachers' well-being and equality in the education system.
The Effect of Intermittent Fasting on Hedonic Hunger: A Pilot Prospective Cohort Study Based on Ramadan Intermittent Fasting
(Frontiers Media SA, 2025) Selen, Halime
Objective: This study aims to evaluate the changes in hedonic hunger (HH) during Ramadan intermittent fasting (RIF) and to investigate the role of HH as a factor influencing adherence to intermittent fasting (IF) regimens. Methods: This prospective cohort study was conducted between February 24 and March 29, 2025, with 122 participants aged between 20 and 25. The study data were collected through face-to-face interviews using a questionnaire that included sociodemographic information and the power of food scale (PFS), administered 1 week before the beginning of Ramadan, and during the first, middle period and final weeks of the month. The PFS comprises three subscales: food available, food present, and food tasted. In general, mean scores of the PFS and its subdimensions exceeding 2.5 are interpreted as indicating a high tendency toward HH. Results: During the first week of Ramadan, participants' scores for food available (p = 0.016), food tasted (p = 0.002), and the PFS mean score (p = 0.048) were found to be significantly higher compared to the pre-Ramadan scores. However, no statistically significant differences were observed in the PFS mean and subscale scores between the pre-Ramadan period and the final week of RIF. Compared to the pre-Ramadan period, participants exhibited a mean reduction of 0.6 +/- 1.51 kg in body weight (p < 0.001) and 0.3 +/- 1.20 kg/m(2) in BMI (p = 0.003) following RIF. A statistically significant but weak negative correlation was observed between changes in participants' body weight and the scores of food available (r = -0.203, p = 0.025), food present (r = -0.340, p = p < 0.001), food tasted (r = -0.319, p < 0.001), and the PFS mean score (r = -0.323, p = p < 0.001). A statistically significant and weak negative correlation was found between changes in BMI and the scores of food present (r = -0.181, p = 0.046), food tasted (r = -0.216, p = 0.017), and the PFS mean score (r = -0.208, p = 0.021). Conclusion: This study suggests that higher levels of HH may be experienced at the onset of RIF practices; however, over time, individuals appear to adapt, returning to their pre-fasting levels of HH. Within the limited observation period of this study, the influence of RIF-a form of IF-on HH appears to be transient, suggesting that longer-term studies with larger sample sizes are needed to clarify its persistence.
The Emotions Experienced by Women Undergoing Mastectomy Over the Course of the Disease and Treatment: A Qualitative Study
(Springer, 2025) Soylemez, Neslihan; Tanriverdi, Seher; Cengiz, Zeliha; Can, Hilal
PurposeObtaining firsthand insight into breast cancer facilitates a detailed understanding of women with breast cancer' emotional experiences, thereby promotes holistic cancer care. This study aimed to identify the emotions experienced by women undergoing mastectomy during the disease and treatment process.MethodsThis qualitative study, based on a descriptive phenomenological design, was conducted using semi-structured interviews to explore the emotions of women who had undergone mastectomy during the diagnosis and treatment stages. Twenty-nine breast cancer women with breast cancer aged 27-68 who had undergone mastectomy participated in the study, which was carried out in the general surgery clinic of a university hospital. The data obtained from the interviews were subjected to thematic analysis.ResultsIt was found that women undergoing mastectomy experience a wide range of emotions at all stages of breast cancer and develop corresponding coping strategies. Five themes emerged from the analysis: emotions related to diagnosis, emotions related to treatment, future-oriented emotions, coping strategies, and family and social relationships. Unlike the findings reported in the literature, this study revealed that women often expressed reactions such as "wanting to die" or "not feeling anything" during the diagnosis process. In terms of family relationships, diverse factors such as divorce, spousal psychological violence, spousal support, and physical violence were noted.ConclusionsHaving breast cancer triggers profound emotional fluctuations in women, such as fear, uncertainty, burnout, and disturbances in self-perception. While hope and optimism for the future are fueled by positive emotions such as social support and a desire to see children happy, negative experiences such as cancer stigma and psychological violence increase the emotional burden. Supportive care teams are recommended to enhance psychosocial support services, promote the emotional well-being of women after mastectomy, strengthen family and social participation, develop individualized care plans, and implement holistic approaches through team-based care.
Toxic Effects of Tartrazine and the Protective Role of Curcumin on Liver Function and DNA Integrity in Male Rats
(Wiley, 2025) Varli, Metin; Yavas, Mehmet Cihan; Canturk Tan, Fazile; Tur, Kardelen; Basmaci, Guldidar
Tartrazine (TAR) and curcumin (CUR) are commonly utilized in the food manufacturing sector. The present investigation was designed to assess the hepatotoxic impact of the food dye tartrazine on hepatic function and its related biomarkers. We systematically allocated 35 male Wistar rats into five homogeneous groups. The specified groups consisted of: control, TAR at a dosage of 10 mg/kg/day, TAR at a dosage of 100 mg/kg/day, TAR at a dosage of 10 mg/kg/day combined with CUR at 20 mg/kg/day, and TAR at a dosage of 100 mg/kg/day combined with CUR at 20 mg/kg/day. All experimental groups received the treatment via oral gavage. Our findings indicated that as the TAR dosage escalated relative to the control group, the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) exhibited an increase, while the alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) level demonstrated a decline. In the CUR-treated groups, in comparison with the control groups, the levels of SOD, AST, ALT, LDH, total bilirubin, GGT, and AFP increased in the low-dose TAR groups, whereas ALP levels decreased. Our histopathological analysis disclosed the occurrence of degenerative changes in both TAR and CUR treatment groups. The genotoxic assessment, utilizing the DNA comet assay, revealed that an increase in TAR dosage corresponded with heightened DNA damage; however, the incorporation of CUR mitigated this detrimental effect. Our findings suggest that tartrazine may exert deleterious effects on hepatic function, whereas curcumin has displayed partial therapeutic efficacy.
Relationship Between Cryptocurrency Trading, Hopelessness, and Financial Well-Being: A Cross-Sectional Study Among Physicians
(Int Scientific Information, Inc, 2025) Donmezdil, Suleyman; Uyar, Betul
Background: Cryptocurrencies trade continuously on highly volatile markets and can elicit emotionally driven, gambling-like behaviors. Physicians experience high occupational stress and burnout, potentially predisposing them to risky financial activities. We examined whether hopelessness and perceived financial well-being are associated with problematic cryptocurrency trading among physicians. Material/Methods: In a cross-sectional online survey, 300 licensed physicians from Diyarbak & imath;r, Turkey, completed the Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS; score range, 0-20), Financial Well-Being Scale (FWBS; 0-100), and Problematic Cryptocurrency Trading Scale (PCTS; 16-80). Group differences were evaluated with t tests and chi-square tests, and multivariable linear regression models estimated PCTS predictors. Results: Participants' mean age was 39.8 +/- 7.2 years; 70% were male; mean practice duration was 14.1 +/- 6.9 years. Male physicians had higher PCTS scores than female physicians (33.0 +/- 6.8 vs 29.8 +/- 5.9; P=0.03); BHS and FWBS scores did not differ by sex. In regression models, older age ((3=0.32, P=0.04) and male sex ((3=1.45, P=0.02) predicted higher PCTS scores. Hopelessness was positively associated with PCTS ((3=0.80, P=0.001), whereas financial well-being showed a trend toward significance ((3=-0.03, P=0.067). The demographics-only model explained approximately 8% of PCTS variance; the psychosocial model R2=0.35 (P<0.001). Conclusions: Among physicians, male sex, older age, and higher hopelessness are independently associated with problematic cryptocurrency trading, while perceived financial well-being is not clearly protective. Targeted institutional interventions (financial literacy and stress-management programs) may mitigate compulsive trading and support physician well-being.
Investigation of the Relationship Between the Viscoelastic Properties and Muscle Strength of Accessory Respiratory Muscles in Obstructive Sleep Apnea
(WB Saunders Co Ltd, 2026) Ramazanoglu, E.; Yildiz, G.; Sahin, G.E.; Kara, E.; Yaprak, F.; Bağcı, B.; Gündoǧdu, N.
BACKGROUND: The link between respiratory muscle strength and viscoelastic properties of accessory muscles offers a perspective for individualized treatment in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS). PURPOSE: This study investigated associations between respiratory muscle strength and viscoelastic properties of the sternocleidomastoid (SCM) and rectus abdominis (RA) in OSAS. METHODS: Patients with moderate (n = 33) and severe OSAS (n = 45) diagnosed by polysomnography were included. Muscle viscoelasticity was assessed using Myoton®PRO, and respiratory strength (maximal inspiratory (MIP), maximal expiratory pressure (MEP)) was measured by spirometer at rest and during maximal efforts. RESULTS: In moderate OSAS, MEP-best correlated negatively with left SCM elasticity at rest (r = -0.622, p < 0.001), elasticity during inspiration (r = -0.401, p = 0.021), and stiffness (r = -0.357, p = 0.041). In severe OSAS, MEP-best correlated negatively with left SCM stiffness (r = -0.380), right SCM elasticity at rest (r = -0.393) and inspiration (r = -0.495), and left SCM elasticity during expiration (r = -0.323). MIP-best correlated negatively with right SCM elasticity during inspiration (r = -0.301) and left SCM elasticity during expiration (r = -0.323). Age correlated positively with SCM and RA parameters, while AHI correlated negatively with SCM and RA stiffness/elasticity, especially left RA elasticity during expiration (r = -0.544, p < 0.001). Side-specific differences were noted. CONCLUSION: Both inspiratory (SCM) and expiratory (RA) muscles are important in OSAS. With greater severity, viscoelastic properties shift from active support to passive adaptation, with RA contributing alongside SCM to functional changes. © © 2025. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
The Potential Renoprotective Effect of Sugammadex in Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury
(Galenos Publishing House, 2025) Gevrek, Fikret; Fırat, Fatih; Unsal, Velid; Kolukcu, Vildan; Sahin, Ahmet Tugrul; Balta, Mehtap; Yancı, Asiye
Objective: We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of sugammadex on renal tissue for against ischemia-reperfusion injury. Methods: Twenty-one Wistar albino strain female rats were divided into three groups. The first group functioned as the control cohort for comparison. In Groups 2 and 3, a renal ischemia-reperfusion model was established. Moreover, following the cessation of ischemia, the rats in Group 3 were intravenously administered sugammadex at a dose of 4 mg kg-1. Blood and tissue samples were subsequently collected for analysis. Results: Biochemical analyses revealed a notable increase in the enzymatic activities of glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase in Group 3 relative to Group 2 (P < 0.001 and P=0.015, respectively). Additionally, the concentration of malondialdehyde was found to be significantly reduced in Group 3 relative to Group 2 (P=0.004). Group 3 exhibited a substantial decrease in tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin 6, and interleukin 1 beta levels when compared to Group 2 (P=0.021, P=0.006, and P=0.016 respectively). Group 2 exhibited the highest concentrations of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin and kidney injury molecule-1 (P < 0.001 and P=0.015, respectively). Similarly, the histopathologic tissue damage was the most prominent in Group 2 (P < 0.001). Conclusion: Sugammadex plays a protective role against ischaemia-reperfusion injury in renal tissue.
Assessment of Food Insecurity, Diet Quality, and Mental Health Status Among Syrian Refugee Mothers with Young Children
(MDPI, 2025) Coskunsu, Sedat; Yilmaz, Muge
Background: Although T & uuml;rkiye hosts the largest population of Syrian refugees in the world, research on the vulnerability factors contributing to food insecurity among Syrian refugee mothers remains scarce. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships between maternal food insecurity, diet quality, and mental health outcomes among Syrian refugee mothers with young children living in T & uuml;rkiye. Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 285 Syrian mothers living in T & uuml;rkiye with children under five years of age. Maternal food insecurity was assessed via the Food Insecurity Experience Scale (FIES), diet quality was evaluated via the Healthy Eating Index-2020 (HEI-2020), and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) was used to evaluate mental health conditions. Data were collected through face-to-face surveys conducted by two native Arabic translators, and the analyses included sociodemographic characteristics, anthropometric measurements, diet quality, food insecurity status, and mental health status. Results: The prevalence of moderate/severe food insecurity and poor diet quality among refugee mothers amounted to 30% and 59.3%, respectively. Mothers experiencing food insecurity presented significantly lower levels of mental health and diet quality (p < 0.05). A one-unit increase in the food insecurity score was associated with an increase of 1.031 units in the total Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) score. The model demonstrated that food insecurity accounted for 30.2% of the variance in PHQ scores (R-2 = 0.302). Low income, lack of institutional aid, short length of stay, and number of children significantly increase the likelihood of poor dietary quality among refugee mothers. Conclusions: Food insecurity was found to be a widespread problem for mothers who are refugees from Syria. It was significantly associated with poorer nutritional quality and mental health issues in mothers. These findings suggest the need for expanding social support programs, implementing effective public health interventions for food security, and securing an overall improvement of maternal health.
Syrian Civil War and Assessment of Tuberculosis Among Syrian Refugees and Local Citizens in Mardin
(Frontiers Media SA, 2025) Cil, Baris; Kabak, Mehmet; Bodur, Mehmet Sinan; Sanmak, Erkan; Gunes, Guldan; Alakas, Yusuf; Oktay, Hamza
Background: We compared tuberculosis (TB) characteristics and outcomes between Syrian refugees and local citizens in Mardin, Turkey (2016-2023), a border province with substantial population mobility. Methods: Retrospective, registry-based cross-sectional analysis of 491 patients (locals n = 456; refugees n = 35). Descriptive comparisons used chi(2)/Fisher (categorical) and Mann-Whitney U (age). Annual incidence per 100,000 used mid-year denominators (locals: ABPRS/NVI; refugees: DGMM/PMM and UNHCR). For outcomes with significant crude differences (treatment success, BCG scar, transferred-out), age- and sex-adjusted bias-reduced (Firth) logistic regression was applied; p-values from penalized likelihood-ratio (PLR) tests. Results: BCG-scar positivity was lower in refugees than locals (62.9% vs. 93.2%, p < 0.001). Microbiological confirmation remained below WHO targets in both groups. Crude treatment success was lower in refugees (68.6%) than locals (90.4%, p = 0.03), while transferred-out was higher (25.7% vs. 5.3%, p = 0.001). In adjusted Firth models including all cases, refugee status was associated with lower odds of success (aOR 0.224, 95% CI 0.103-0.488; PLR p < 0.001); after excluding transferred-out cases the association attenuated and was not significant (aOR 0.562, 95% CI 0.121-2.605; PLR p = 0.42). In pulmonary-only analyses, the association persisted (aOR 0.216, 95% CI 0.083-0.567; PLR p = 0.002). Refugee incidence dipped in 2020-2021 and rebounded in 2022-2023. Conclusion: Differences likely reflect operational barriers-especially transfers disrupting continuity-rather than intrinsic factors. Refugee-inclusive TB services with robust inter-provincial transfer tracking, patient navigation, and expanded bacteriological testing (notably for extrapulmonary disease) should be prioritized. Given the small refugee subgroup and denominator uncertainties, findings are hypothesis-generating.

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