Bioactive Profile, Anticarcinogenic, Antimicrobial, Antidiabetic Effects, and in Silico Pharmacokinetic Properties of Astragalus Elatus

Abstract

Because of the numerous useful components they contain, plants are significant resources that are being explored for their varied purposes in industry, food, and medicine. Recently, particularly endemic species have gained attention with the identification of their different ingredients and characteristics and the exploration of their precious features. This research assessed the endemic species Astragalus elatus's bioactive components utilizing UHPLC-Orbitrap (R)-HRMS, its antibacterial qualities utilizing the disc diffusion method, its cytotoxic impact on cervical cancer utilizing the MTT method, and its apoptosis effect by annexin V methods. Additionally, Astragalus elatus's antidiabetic activity was revealed by in silico and in vitro examinations of its inhibitory effect on the enzymes alpha-Amylase and alpha-Glucosidase. Consequently, it was discovered that A. elatus can be utilized in the treatment of cervical cancer and has effective cytotoxic and apoptotic effects on HeLa cells. Additionally, it was detected that A. elatus possesses antibacterial and anti-diabetic properties. Compared to gram-negative bacteria, A. elatus had a greater inhibitory effect on gram-positive bacteria. The pharmacokinetically significant characteristics and their tendency for chemical reactions of this plant's primary phenolic compounds were identified by utilizing DFT, molecular docking, and ADME/T.